Chronic intranasal oxytocin causes long-term impairments in partner preference formation in male prairie voles
TL;DR: Long-term developmental treatment with intranasal OT in the prairie vole resulted in a deficit in partner preference behavior (a reduction of contact with a familiar opposite-sex partner, used to index pair-bond formation) by male voles.
About: This article is published in Biological Psychiatry.The article was published on 2013-08-01 and is currently open access. It has received 215 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Pair bond & Prairie vole.
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28 Jul 2005
TL;DR: PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、树突状组胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作�ly.
Abstract: 抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。
18,940 citations
TL;DR: The mechanisms of OXT expression and release, expression and binding of the OXTR in brain and periphery, OX TR-coupled signaling cascades, and their involvement in behavioral outcomes are discussed to assemble a comprehensive picture of the central and peripheral OXT system.
Abstract: The many facets of the oxytocin (OXT) system of the brain and periphery elicited nearly 25,000 publications since 1930 (see FIGURE 1, as listed in PubMed), which revealed central roles for OXT and ...
510 citations
Cites background from "Chronic intranasal oxytocin causes ..."
...The increase in anxiety and, in other studies, the impairment of social behaviors observed in mice and prairie voles (54, 460) after chronic icv or repeated i....
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TL;DR: Oxytocin dynamically moderates the autonomic nervous system, and effects of oxytocin on vagal pathways, as well as the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of this peptide, help to explain the pervasive adaptive consequences of social behavior for emotional and physical health.
Abstract: This review examines the hypothesis that oxytocin pathways—which include the neuropeptide oxytocin, the related peptide vasopressin, and their receptors—are at the center of physiological and genetic systems that permitted the evolution of the human nervous system and allowed the expression of contemporary human sociality. Unique actions of oxytocin, including the facilitation of birth, lactation, maternal behavior, genetic regulation of the growth of the neocortex, and the maintenance of the blood supply to the cortex, may have been necessary for encephalization. Peptide-facilitated attachment also allows the extended periods of nurture necessary for the emergence of human intellectual development. In general, oxytocin acts to allow the high levels of social sensitivity and attunement necessary for human sociality and for rearing a human child. Under optimal conditions oxytocin may create an emotional sense of safety. Oxytocin dynamically moderates the autonomic nervous system, and effects of oxytocin on...
478 citations
Cites background from "Chronic intranasal oxytocin causes ..."
...Oxytocin given intranasally to prairie voles during adolescence also did not reliably facilitate social behavior and, once again, at some doses disrupted the tendency of this species to show a partner preference (Bales et al. 2013)....
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...These adaptive properties of oxytocin further help to explain the capacity of loving relationships and psychological safety to protect and heal in the face of stress and adversity....
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TL;DR: The available evidence substantiates the hypothesis of an imbalance of the endogenous brain OXT system in the etiology of anxiety disorders, particularly those with a social component such as social anxiety disorder.
367 citations
Cites background from "Chronic intranasal oxytocin causes ..."
...08–8 IU/kg, 21 days; in Male prairie voles No effect in EPM (70)...
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TL;DR: Chronic intranasal OXT treatment in wild-type C57BL/6J adult mice produced a selective reduction of social behaviors concomitant to a reduction of the OXT receptors throughout the brain, indicating that a prolonged over-stimulation of a ‘healthy’ oxytocinergic brain system results in specific detrimental effects in social behaviors.
181 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that intranasal administration of oxytocin, a neuropeptide that plays a key role in social attachment and affiliation in non-human mammals, causes a substantial increase in trust among humans, thereby greatly increasing the benefits from social interactions.
Abstract: Trust pervades human societies. Trust is indispensable in friendship, love, families and organizations, and plays a key role in economic exchange and politics. In the absence of trust among trading partners, market transactions break down. In the absence of trust in a country's institutions and leaders, political legitimacy breaks down. Much recent evidence indicates that trust contributes to economic, political and social success. Little is known, however, about the biological basis of trust among humans. Here we show that intranasal administration of oxytocin, a neuropeptide that plays a key role in social attachment and affiliation in non-human mammals, causes a substantial increase in trust among humans, thereby greatly increasing the benefits from social interactions. We also show that the effect of oxytocin on trust is not due to a general increase in the readiness to bear risks. On the contrary, oxytocin specifically affects an individual's willingness to accept social risks arising through interpersonal interactions. These results concur with animal research suggesting an essential role for oxytocin as a biological basis of prosocial approach behaviour.
3,202 citations
TL;DR: The regulation by gonadal and adrenal steroids is one of the most remarkable features of the OT system and is, unfortunately, the least understood.
Abstract: The neurohypophysial peptide oxytocin (OT) and OT-like hormones facilitate reproduction in all vertebrates at several levels. The major site of OT gene expression is the magnocellular neurons of the hypothalamic paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei. In response to a variety of stimuli such as suckling, parturition, or certain kinds of stress, the processed OT peptide is released from the posterior pituitary into the systemic circulation. Such stimuli also lead to an intranuclear release of OT. Moreover, oxytocinergic neurons display widespread projections throughout the central nervous system. However, OT is also synthesized in peripheral tissues, e.g., uterus, placenta, amnion, corpus luteum, testis, and heart. The OT receptor is a typical class I G protein-coupled receptor that is primarily coupled via Gq proteins to phospholipase C-β. The high-affinity receptor state requires both Mg2+ and cholesterol, which probably function as allosteric modulators. The agonist-binding region of the receptor has bee...
2,691 citations
"Chronic intranasal oxytocin causes ..." refers background in this paper
...With sustained stimulation, OT receptors can undergo desensitization and internalization (18) leading to physiological tolerance....
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...In other words, high-dose OT might saturate OT receptors and subsequently bind to vasopressin receptors, to which OT also has binding affinity and which can cause differing and sometimes opposite behavioral effects (18,38,76,77)....
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TL;DR: It is proposed that this literature can be informed by an interactionist approach in which the effects of oxytocin are constrained by features of situations and/or individuals.
1,311 citations
"Chronic intranasal oxytocin causes ..." refers background in this paper
...Context may be important for long-term effects of OT (for example, pairing OT administration with specific environments or social learning tasks) to generate specific effects in humans and animals (81)....
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TL;DR: Three peptides were administered intranasally and found that they achieved direct access to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within 30 minutes, bypassing the bloodstream.
Abstract: Neuropeptides act as neuronal messengers in the brain, influencing many neurobehavioral functions1. Their experimental and therapeutic use in humans has been hampered because, when administered systemically, these compounds do not readily pass the blood–brain barrier, and they evoke potent hormone-like side effects when circulating in the blood2,3. We administered three peptides, melanocortin(4–10) (MSH/ACTH(4–10)), vasopressin and insulin, intranasally and found that they achieved direct access to the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within 30 minutes, bypassing the bloodstream.
1,259 citations
"Chronic intranasal oxytocin causes ..." refers background in this paper
...(5) showed that many neuropeptides crossed the blood-brain barrier when given intranasally....
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...(5) did not actually examine OT, this study has led to an expansion of studies examining intranasal OT actions on human social behavior....
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