Clathrin Mediates Endocytosis and Polar Distribution of PIN Auxin Transporters in Arabidopsis
Saeko Kitakura,Steffen Vanneste,Stéphanie Robert,Christian Löfke,Thomas Teichmann,Hirokazu Tanaka,Jiří Friml +6 more
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TLDR
A fundamental role for clathrin function in cell polarity, growth, patterning, and organogenesis in plants is demonstrated in plants by genetic means.Abstract:
Endocytosis is a crucial mechanism by which eukaryotic cells internalize extracellular and plasma membrane material, and it is required for a multitude of cellular and developmental processes in unicellular and multicellular organisms. In animals and yeast, the best characterized pathway for endocytosis depends on the function of the vesicle coat protein clathrin. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis has recently been demonstrated also in plant cells, but its physiological and developmental roles remain unclear. Here, we assessed the roles of the clathrin-mediated mechanism of endocytosis in plants by genetic means. We interfered with clathrin heavy chain (CHC) function through mutants and dominant-negative approaches in Arabidopsis thaliana and established tools to manipulate clathrin function in a cell type-specific manner. The chc2 single mutants and dominant-negative CHC1 (HUB) transgenic lines were defective in bulk endocytosis as well as in internalization of prominent plasma membrane proteins. Interference with clathrin-mediated endocytosis led to defects in constitutive endocytic recycling of PIN auxin transporters and their polar distribution in embryos and roots. Consistent with this, these lines had altered auxin distribution patterns and associated auxin transport-related phenotypes, such as aberrant embryo patterning, imperfect cotyledon specification, agravitropic growth, and impaired lateral root organogenesis. Together, these data demonstrate a fundamental role for clathrin function in cell polarity, growth, patterning, and organogenesis in plants.read more
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PIN-Dependent Auxin Transport: Action, Regulation, and Evolution
Maciek Adamowski,Jiří Friml +1 more
TL;DR: An overview of the multiple developmental roles of PIN proteins, including the atypical endoplasmic reticulum-localized members of the family, are provided, and the family from an evolutionary perspective is looked at.
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In Posidonia oceanica cadmium induces changes in DNA methylation and chromatin patterning
TL;DR: The data demonstrate that Cd perturbs the DNA methylation status through the involvement of a specific methyltransferase, linked to nuclear chromatin reconfiguration likely to establish a new balance of expressed/repressed chromatin.
Journal ArticleDOI
Roles for Actin Assembly in Endocytosis
TL;DR: New findings on the relative importance of actin in clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) in yeast versus mammalian cells are focused on.
Journal ArticleDOI
Forty Years of Clathrin‐coated Vesicles
TL;DR: The purification of coated vesicles and the discovery of clathrin by Barbara Pearse in 1975 was a landmark in cell biology, but there are still a number of unanswered questions, including howClathrin‐mediated trafficking is regulated and how the machinery evolved.
Journal ArticleDOI
The TPLATE Adaptor Complex Drives Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis in Plants
Astrid Gadeyne,Clara Sánchez-Rodríguez,Steffen Vanneste,Simone Di Rubbo,Henrik Zauber,Kevin Vanneste,Jelle Van Leene,Nancy De Winne,Dominique Eeckhout,Geert Persiau,Eveline Van De Slijke,Bernard Cannoot,Leen Vercruysse,Jonathan R. Mayers,Maciek Adamowski,Maciek Adamowski,Urszula Kania,Urszula Kania,Matthias Ehrlich,Alois Schweighofer,Tijs Ketelaar,Steven Maere,Sebastian Y. Bednarek,Jiří Friml,Jiří Friml,Kris Gevaert,Erwin Witters,Erwin Witters,Eugenia Russinova,Staffan Persson,Geert De Jaeger,Daniël Van Damme +31 more
TL;DR: An eight-core-component protein complex, the TPLATE complex, essential for plant growth via its role as major adaptor module for clathrin-mediated endocytosis is identified, representing a unique evolutionary plant adaptation of the canonical eukaryotic pathway.
References
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TL;DR: It is shown that organ formation in Arabidopsis involves dynamic gradients of the signaling molecule auxin with maxima at the primordia tips, which suggest that PIN-dependent, local auxin gradients represent a common module for formation of all plant organs, regardless of their mature morphology or developmental origin.
Journal ArticleDOI
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