Climate change and health in cities: impacts of heat and air pollution and potential co-benefits from mitigation and adaptation
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed mitigation and adaptation strategies in cities' climate risk management plans may produce health co-benefits by reducing emissions and cooling temperatures through changes in the built environment, however, to implement the plans and the most widely documented beneficial policy to date is the adoption of heat warning and air quality alert systems to trigger emergency responses.
About: This article is published in Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability.The article was published on 2011-05-01. It has received 370 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Climate risk management & Air quality index.
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Journal Article•
TL;DR: The National Academy of Sciences founded The National Academies Press (NAP) with the goal of publishing reports of all four national academies as mentioned in this paper, which publishes more than 200 books from the fields of science, engineering and medicine and offers more than 4000 titles in PDF on its website.
Abstract: The National Academy of Sciences founded The National Academies Press (NAP) with the goal of publishing reports of all four national academies. Annually, NAP publishes more than 200 books from the fields of science, engineering and medicine and offers more than 4000 titles in PDF on its website (http://www.nap.edu/) free of charge.
1,241 citations
10 Feb 2018
TL;DR: The Lancet Countdown tracks progress on health and climate change and provides an independent assessment of the health effects of climate change, the implementation of the Paris Agreement, and the impact of the global warming in the coming years.
Abstract: Watts N, Amann M, Ayeb-Karlsson S, et al. The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: from 25 years of inaction to a global transformation for public health. Lancet 2018; 391: 581–630—In this Review (published online first on Oct 30, 2017), Jonathan Chambers, Ian Hamilton, Robert Lowe, and Steve Pye's affiliation has been corrected to UCL Energy Institute, London, UK; Fereidoon Owfi and Mahnaz Rabbaniha's affiliation has been corrected to Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, AREEO, Tehran, Iran; Meisam Tabatabaei's affiliation has been corrected to Biofuel Research Team, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, AREEO, Karaj, Iran; and Ali Mohammad Latifi's affiliation has been corrected to Applied Biotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. In figures 31, 33, and 34, the formatting of the currency in the y-axis title has been corrected to US$2016. In figure 36, the y-axis title has been corrected to “Fossil fuel consumption subsidies (US$2016 billion)”. In figure 37, RGGI has been explained in the figure legend and an asterisk symbol has been removed from the figure. In Table 2, CO2 has been spelled out as carbon dioxide. These corrections have been made to the online version as of Nov 23, 2017, and the printed Review is correct.
620 citations
TL;DR: The Green Infrastructure Spatial Planning (GISP) model as discussed by the authors is a GIS-based multi-criteria approach that integrates six benefits: 1) stormwater management; 2) social vulnerability; 3) green space; 4) air quality; 5) urban heat island amelioration; 6) landscape connectivity.
510 citations
12 Apr 2014
TL;DR: In this article, the authors allocated 52 template pages, currently it counts 55 pages (excluding this page 5 and the bibliography), so it is 3 pages over target, reviewers are kindly asked to indicate where the 6 chapter could be shortened.
Abstract: 4 This chapter has been allocated 52 template pages, currently it counts 55 pages (excluding this page 5 and the bibliography), so it is 3 pages over target. Reviewers are kindly asked to indicate where the 6 chapter could be shortened. 7
412 citations
References
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Book•
01 Jul 2001
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors set the stage for impact, adaptation, and vulnerability assessment of climate change in the context of sustainable development and equity, and developed and applied scenarios in Climate Change Impact, Adaptation, and Vulnerability Assessment.
Abstract: Summary for policymakers Technical summary Part I. Setting the Stage for Impact, Adaptation, and Vulnerability Assessment: 1. Overview 2. Methods and tools 3. Development and application of scenarios in Climate Change Impact, Adaptation, and Vulnerability Assessment Part II. Sectors and Systems: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability: 4. Hydrology and water resources 5. Natural and managed ecosystems 6. Coastal zones and marine ecosystems 7. Energy, industry, and settlements 8. Financial services 9. Human health Part III. Regional Analyses: Impacts, Adaptation, and Vulnerability: 10. Africa 11. Asia 12. Australasia 13. Europe 14. Latin America 15. North America 16. Polar regions (Arctic and Antarctic) 17. Small island states Part IV. Global Issues and Synthesis: 18. Adaptation to climate change in the context of sustainable development and equity 19. Synthesis and integration of impacts, adaptation, and vulnerability Index.
12,541 citations
Book•
01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a cross-chapter case study on climate change and sustainability in natural and managed systems and assess key vulnerabilities and the risk from climate change, and assess adaptation practices, options, constraints and capacity.
Abstract: Foreword Preface Introduction Summary for policymakers Technical summary 1. Assessment of observed changes and responses in natural and managed systems 2. New assessment methodologies and the characterisation of future conditions 3. Fresh water resources and their management 4. Ecosystems, their properties, goods and services 5. Food, fibre and forest products 6. Coastal systems and low-lying areas 7. Industry, settlement and society 8. Human health 9. Africa 10. Asia 11. Australia and New Zealand 12. Europe 13. Latin America 14. North America 15. Polar regions (Arctic and Antarctic) 16. Small islands 17. Assessment of adaptation practices, options, constraints and capacity 18. Inter-relationships between adaptation and mitigation 19. Assessing key vulnerabilities and the risk from climate change 20. Perspectives on climate change and sustainability - 811 Cross-chapter case studies Appendix I. Glossary Appendix II. Contributors to the IPCC WGII Fourth Assessment Report Appendix III. Reviewers of the IPCC WGII Fourth Assessment Report Appendix IV. Acronyms and abbreviations Appendix V. Index and database of regional content Index CD-ROM.
8,465 citations
01 Jan 2007
TL;DR: Drafting Authors: Neil Adger, Pramod Aggarwal, Shardul Agrawala, Joseph Alcamo, Abdelkader Allali, Oleg Anisimov, Nigel Arnell, Michel Boko, Osvaldo Canziani, Timothy Carter, Gino Casassa, Ulisses Confalonieri, Rex Victor Cruz, Edmundo de Alba Alcaraz, William Easterling, Christopher Field, Andreas Fischlin, Blair Fitzharris.
Abstract: Drafting Authors: Neil Adger, Pramod Aggarwal, Shardul Agrawala, Joseph Alcamo, Abdelkader Allali, Oleg Anisimov, Nigel Arnell, Michel Boko, Osvaldo Canziani, Timothy Carter, Gino Casassa, Ulisses Confalonieri, Rex Victor Cruz, Edmundo de Alba Alcaraz, William Easterling, Christopher Field, Andreas Fischlin, Blair Fitzharris, Carlos Gay García, Clair Hanson, Hideo Harasawa, Kevin Hennessy, Saleemul Huq, Roger Jones, Lucka Kajfež Bogataj, David Karoly, Richard Klein, Zbigniew Kundzewicz, Murari Lal, Rodel Lasco, Geoff Love, Xianfu Lu, Graciela Magrín, Luis José Mata, Roger McLean, Bettina Menne, Guy Midgley, Nobuo Mimura, Monirul Qader Mirza, José Moreno, Linda Mortsch, Isabelle Niang-Diop, Robert Nicholls, Béla Nováky, Leonard Nurse, Anthony Nyong, Michael Oppenheimer, Jean Palutikof, Martin Parry, Anand Patwardhan, Patricia Romero Lankao, Cynthia Rosenzweig, Stephen Schneider, Serguei Semenov, Joel Smith, John Stone, Jean-Pascal van Ypersele, David Vaughan, Coleen Vogel, Thomas Wilbanks, Poh Poh Wong, Shaohong Wu, Gary Yohe
7,720 citations
TL;DR: A comprehensive evaluation of the research findings provides persuasive evidence that exposure to fine particulate air pollution has adverse effects on cardiopulmonary health.
Abstract: Efforts to understand and mitigate the health effects of particulate matter (PM) air pollution have a rich and interesting history. This review focuses on six substantial lines of research that have been pursued since 1997 that have helped elucidate our understanding about the effects of PM on human health. There has been substantial progress in the evaluation of PM health effects at different time-scales of exposure and in the exploration of the shape of the concentration-response function. There has also been emerging evidence of PM-related cardiovascular health effects and growing knowledge regarding interconnected general pathophysiological pathways that link PM exposure with cardiopulmonary morbidity and mortality. Despite important gaps in scientific knowledge and continued reasons for some skepticism, a comprehensive evaluation of the research findings provides persuasive evidence that exposure to fine particulate air pollution has adverse effects on cardiopulmonary health. Although much of this research has been motivated by environmental public health policy, these results have important scientific, medical, and public health implications that are broader than debates over legally mandated air quality standards.
5,547 citations
"Climate change and health in cities..." refers background in this paper
...Individuals at risk for increased exposure and susceptibility to extreme heat and air pollution include the elderly, very young, socially isolated, poor, racial/ethnic minorities, and those with pre-existing illnesses or no access to air conditioning [25,36,58,59]....
[...]
4,943 citations