Clusters, connectivity and catch-up: Bollywood and Bangalore in the Global Economy
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...…& Singh, 2009), mature industries like autos (Kumaraswamy et al., 2012), creative Journal of International Business Studies industries like movies and information technology (Lorenzen & Mudambi, 2013) and high-technology industries like pharmaceuticals and biotechnology (Yeolekar & Mehta, 2007)....
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...At the micro level it implies that clustering and agglomeration effects, the thickness of local linkages and the nature of global linkages need to be taken into account (Goerzen, Asmussen, & Nielsen, 2013; Lorenzen & Mudambi, 2013)....
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Cites background from "Clusters, connectivity and catch-up..."
...In so doing, MNE subsidiaries generate substantial knowledge spillovers into the local economic environment through the absorption of MNE knowledge by local firms (Lorenzen & Mudambi, 2013)....
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...…– where and why firms place specific activities in particular areas – is a key area of interest in both international business research (e.g., Alcácer & Chung, 2007; Nachum & Wymbs, 2005; Porter, 2001) and economic geography research (e.g., Krugman, 1991; Lorenzen & Mudambi, 2013; Markusen, 1996)....
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...Journal of International Business Studies (2013) 44, 427–450. doi:10.1057/jibs.2013.11 Keywords: global cities; liability of foreignness; foreign direct investment; alliances and joint ventures; location strategy; internationalization INTRODUCTION The concept of location – where and why firms place specific activities in particular areas – is a key area of interest in both international business research (e.g., Alcácer & Chung, 2007; Nachum & Wymbs, 2005; Porter, 2001) and economic geography research (e.g., Krugman, 1991; Lorenzen & Mudambi, 2013; Markusen, 1996)....
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...Yet, as argued by previous authors, these large geographical units are often too coarse to provide an accurate picture of the role of MNEs in economic globalization, since the trends of outsourcing and new technologies, as well as economic policies of liberalization, have made nation-states less significant as units of analysis (Brown, Derudder, Parnreiter, Pelupessy, Taylor, & Witlox, 2010; Krugman, 1991)....
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...In global cities, however, local stakeholders tend to be more cosmopolitan, since they are likely to be more exposed to international stimuli – for example, through expatriate or diasporic personal relationships transcending geographic space (Lorenzen & Mudambi, 2013; Sassen, 2002)....
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