CO2 emissions, energy consumption and economic growth nexus in MENA countries: Evidence from simultaneous equations models

TLDR: In this article, the authors examined the nexus between CO 2 emissions, energy consumption and economic growth using simultaneous-equations models with panel data of 14 MENA countries over the period 1990-2011.

About: This article is published in Energy Economics.The article was published on 2013-11-01 and is currently open access. It has received 615 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Energy consumption & Economic expansion.

Figures

Table 1 Summary of the existing empirical studies on the relationships between CO2 emissions, energy consumption, and economic growth.

Table 5 Results of Panel GMM estimation for Eq. (5).

Table 3 Results of Panel GMM estimation for Eq. (3).

Fig. 1 Interaction between CO2, Energy and GDP for MENA countries.

Table 2 Summary statistics (before taking logarithm), 1990–2011.

Table 4 Results of Panel GMM estimation for Eq. (4).

Frequently asked questions

Q1. What are the contributions mentioned in the paper "Co2 emissions, energy consumption and economic growth nexus in mena countries: evidence from simultaneous equations models" ?

This paper examines the nexus between CO2 emissions, energy consumption and economic growth using simultaneous-equations models with panel data of 14 MENA countries over the period 19902011. The study suggests that environmental and energy policies should recognize the differences in the nexus between energy consumption and economic growth in order to maintain sustainable economic growth in MENA region. 

Q2. What causes the negative impact of labor force on GDP per capita?

The negative impact of labor force on GDP per capita may be due to brain-drain, uneducated, unskilled and low productivity of labor force. 

Q3. What is the significant source of pollution in MENA?

energy consumption is the most significant source of pollution and, in terms of particulate matter concentrations; MENA represents the second most polluted region in the world – after South Asia – and the highest CO2 producer per dollar of output. 

Q4. What is the main reason for studying carbon emissions?

The main reason for studying carbon emissions is that they play a focal role in the current debate on the environment protection and sustainable development. 

Q5. What is the purpose of this paper?

The objective of this paper is to analyze the interrelationship between CO2 emissions, energy consumption and economic growth for 14 MENA countries using annual data over the period of 1990–2011. 

Q6. What countries have a significant negative impact on GDP?

Only for Algeria, Bahrain, Iran, Jordan, Morocco, Oman and Qatar, it positively affects GDP per capita, however for Syria it has a significant negative impact. 

Q7. What is the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth?

Economic growth is also closely linked to energy consumption since higher level of energy consumption leads to higher economic growth. 

Q8. What is the impact of CO2 emissions on energy consumption per capita?

Regarding the pollutant variable, the authors find that CO2 emissions have a positive impact on energy consumption per capita for all the countries, except for Morocco and Tunisia. 

Q9. What is the coefficient of energy consumption per capita?

The coefficient is 0.229, indicating that energy consumption per capita increases by 0.229% when there is a 1% increase in the domestic credit to the private sector. 

Q10. What is the coefficient of the CO2 emissions per capita?

The coefficient is 0.261, indicating that CO2 emissions per capita increases by 0.261% when there is a 1% increase in GDP per capita. 

Q11. What is the nexus between energy consumption and economic growth?

This nexus suggests that higher economic growth requires more energy consumption and more efficient energy use needs a higher level of economic growth. 

Q12. What is the coefficient of the energy consumption per capita?

The coefficient is 0.689, indicating that CO2 emissions per capita increases by 0.689% when there is a 1% increase in the energy consumption per capita.