Cocoa butter and cocoa butter substitute as a lipid carrier of Cuminum cyminum L. essential oil; physicochemical properties, physical stability and controlled release study
TL;DR: In this paper, a nano lipid carrier containing Cuminum cyminum essential oil (NLC) was prepared by homogenization assisted with sonication method and physicochemical properties including particle size and polydispersity index (PDI), encapsulation efficiency, turbidity and zeta potential and antioxidant activity of the system were studied.
About: This article is published in Journal of Molecular Liquids.The article was published on 2020-09-15. It has received 10 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Cuminum & Essential oil.
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TL;DR: This review covers the latest research on the encapsulation of essential oils and 10 different flavonoids in SLNs and NLCs, focused on the improvement of their biological responses and their potent applications.
31 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , a combination of high shear homogenization and ultrasonic methods to load zeaxanthin and reduce its hydrophobicity was used to produce nano-based lipid carriers.
15 citations
TL;DR: Recent progress towards the practical application of EOs in cancer therapy based on nanotechnology applications is focused on creating nanostructures in which the natural prodrug is connected to or encapsulated in nanoparticles or submicron-sized capsules that ensure their solubility in water and their targeting properties, as well as controlled delivery.
Abstract: Natural prodrugs extracted from plants are increasingly used in many sectors, including the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries. Among these prodrugs, essential oils (EOs) are of particular importance. These biologically active volatile oily liquids are produced by medicinal and aromatic plants and characterized by a distinctive odor. EOs possess high anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, and antioxidant potential but often are associated with low stability; high volatility; and a high risk of deterioration with exposure to heat, humidity, light, or oxygen. Furthermore, their bioavailability is limited because they are not soluble in water, and enhancements are needed to increase their potential to target specific cells or tissues, as well as for controlled release. Nanomedicine, the application of nanotechnology in medicine, may offer efficient solutions to these problems. The technology is based on creating nanostructures in which the natural prodrug is connected to or encapsulated in nanoparticles or submicron-sized capsules that ensure their solubility in water and their targeting properties, as well as controlled delivery. The potential of EOs as anticancer prodrugs is considerable but not fully exploited. This review focusses on the recent progress towards the practical application of EOs in cancer therapy based on nanotechnology applications.
6 citations
TL;DR: This review summarizes the effects of preparation methods and process parameters on the microstructures of capsules and the function mechanism, a critical analysis on its current status and challenges, and opinions on its future development.
Abstract: Beneficial functional lipids are essential nutrients for the growth and development of humans and animals, which nevertheless possess poor chemical stability because of heat/light-sensitivity. Various encapsulation technologies have been developed to protect these nutrients against adverse factors. Different microstructures are exhibited through different encapsulation methods, which influence the encapsulation efficiency and release behavior at the same time. This review summarizes the effects of preparation methods and process parameters on the microstructures of capsules at first. The mechanisms of the different microstructures on encapsulation efficiency and controlled release behavior of core materials are analyzed. Next, a comprehensive overview on the beneficial functional lipids capsules in the latest food and biomedicine applications are provided as well as the matching relationship between the microstructures of the capsules and applications are discussed. Finally, the remaining challenges and future possible directions that have potential interest are outlined. The purpose of this review is to convey the construction of beneficial functional lipids capsules and the function mechanism, a critical analysis on its current status and challenges, and opinions on its future development. This review is believed to promote communication among the food, pharmacy, agronomy, engineering, and nutrition industries.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors developed nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) containing palmarosa essential oil (PEO) to improve its stability and prolong the activity against Aspergillus nomius.
Abstract: Palmarosa essential oil (PEO) is an alternative to synthetic fungicides to control the contamination by food-deteriorating fungi, such as Aspergillus nomius. Nonetheless, the low long-term stability and volatility hamper its utilization. Thus, this study aimed to develop nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) containing PEO to improve its stability and consequently prolong the activity against A. nomius. A mixture design was applied to find the best preparation conditions for antifungal activity. The characterization analyses included size measurements, zeta potential (ζ-potential), entrapment efficiency (EE), and antifungal activity (by inhibition of mycelial growth (IMG) and/or in situ test (pre-contaminated Brazil nuts) tests). The nanocarriers presented particle sizes smaller than 300 nm, homogeneous size distribution, ζ-potential of −25.19 to −41.81 mV, and EE between 73.6 and 100%. The formulations F5 and F10 showed the highest IMG value (98.75%). Based on the regression model, three optimized formulations (OFs) were tested for antifungal activity (IMG and in situ test), which showed 100% of inhibition and prevented the deterioration of Brazil nuts by A. nomius. The preliminary stability test showed the maintenance of antifungal activity and physicochemical characteristics for 90 days. These results suggest a promising system as a biofungicide against A. nomius.
1 citations
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TL;DR: When targeted release is desired in combination with adequate protection in the product, it is essential to realize which processes in the human gut can be applied to facilitate targeted release.
667 citations
TL;DR: The present state of the art of lipid based carriers including nanoemulsions, nanoliposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and novel generation of encapsulation system namely nanostructure lipid carriers (NLCs) are reviewed regarding their production method, physicochemical properties, functionalities, stabilization techniques, potential advantages and limitations and delivery mechanisms.
Abstract: Nanoencapsulation allows protection of the sensitive bioactive food ingredients from unfavorable environmental conditions, eradication of incompatibilities, solubilization, or masking of unpleasant taste or odor. This paper reviews the present state of the art of lipid based carriers including nanoemulsions, nanoliposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and novel generation of encapsulation system namely nanostructure lipid carriers (NLCs) regarding their production method, physicochemical properties, functionalities, stabilization techniques, potential advantages and limitations and delivery mechanisms. In the last section, mathematical models for predication of bioactive release kinetics from lipid based nanocarriers, which can be applied for optimization of encapsulation systems, are presented and some future developments in the area of nanoencapsulation are discussed.
517 citations
TL;DR: In this review, beneficial aspects of NLC are presented and valuable information about ingredients, production methods, structure and characteristics of them provided, and potential applications and disadvantages of N LC as emerging delivery system in food science are introduced.
Abstract: Particle size and physical state of the lipid phase are major factors influencing the permanence of lipid dispersions. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) are a delivery system in which partial-crystallized lipid particles with mean radii ≤ 100 nm are dispersed in an aqueous phase containing emulsifier(s), as a potential delivery system may have some advantages in certain circumstances when compared with other colloidal carriers. NLC are a useful nutraceutical delivery system with high drug loading, encapsulation efficiency and stability. They may increase, bioavailability and stability of bioactive compounds, and shelf-life, consumer acceptability, functionality, nutritional value and safety of food systems, and provide controlled release of encapsulated materials. In this review, beneficial aspects of NLC are presented and valuable information about ingredients, production methods, structure and characteristics of them provided. Moreover, potential applications and disadvantages of NLC as emerging delivery system in food science are introduced. Industrial relevance With the increasing public perception of a strong correlation between food and disease prevention, producers are trying to enrich staple foods and beverages with nutraceuticals and produce functional foods. Nonetheless, fortification of aqueous-based food with many of nutraceuticals is greatly limited owing to their poor water-solubility, chemical instability, and low bioavailability. NLC are a novel nanocarrier that may dispel these limitations, combine the advantages of other lipid nanocarriers and avoid some of their disadvantages. They may be suitable for application within foods and transparent/opaque beverages.
479 citations
TL;DR: NLCs demonstrated faster drug release than SLNs at low drug-loading, whereas there was no significant difference in drug release from SLNs and NLCs at high drug- loading, however, sustained/prolonged drug release was observed from both formulations.
433 citations
TL;DR: The phyto-phospholipid complexation technique has emerged as one of the leading methods of improving bioavailability of phytopharmaceuticals having poor competency of solubilizing and crossing the biological membranes with key findings of recent years highlighted.
192 citations