Cognitive Radio An Integrated Agent Architecture for Software Defined Radio
01 Jan 2000-
TL;DR: This article briefly reviews the basic concepts about cognitive radio CR, and the need for software-defined radios is underlined and the most important notions used for such.
Abstract: An Integrated Agent Architecture for Software Defined Radio. Rapid-prototype cognitive radio, CR1, was developed to apply these.The modern software defined radio has been called the heart of a cognitive radio. Cognitive radio: an integrated agent architecture for software defined radio. Http:bwrc.eecs.berkeley.eduResearchMCMACR White paper final1.pdf. The cognitive radio, built on a software-defined radio, assumes. Radio: An Integrated Agent Architecture for Software Defined Radio, Ph.D. The need for software-defined radios is underlined and the most important notions used for such. Mitola III, Cognitive radio: an integrated agent architecture for software defined radio, Ph.D. This results in the set-theoretic ontology of radio knowledge defined in the. Cognitive Radio An Integrated Agent Architecture for Software.This article first briefly reviews the basic concepts about cognitive radio CR. Cognitive Radio-An Integrated Agent Architecture for Software Defined Radio. Cognitive Radio RHMZ 2007. Software-defined radio SDR idea 1. Cognitive radio: An integrated agent architecture for software.Cognitive Radio SOFTWARE DEFINED RADIO, AND ADAPTIVE WIRELESS SYSTEMS2 Cognitive Networks. 3 Joseph Mitola III, Cognitive Radio: An Integrated Agent Architecture for Software Defined Radio Stockholm.
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TL;DR: Following the discussion of interference temperature as a new metric for the quantification and management of interference, the paper addresses three fundamental cognitive tasks: radio-scene analysis, channel-state estimation and predictive modeling, and the emergent behavior of cognitive radio.
Abstract: Cognitive radio is viewed as a novel approach for improving the utilization of a precious natural resource: the radio electromagnetic spectrum. The cognitive radio, built on a software-defined radio, is defined as an intelligent wireless communication system that is aware of its environment and uses the methodology of understanding-by-building to learn from the environment and adapt to statistical variations in the input stimuli, with two primary objectives in mind: /spl middot/ highly reliable communication whenever and wherever needed; /spl middot/ efficient utilization of the radio spectrum. Following the discussion of interference temperature as a new metric for the quantification and management of interference, the paper addresses three fundamental cognitive tasks. 1) Radio-scene analysis. 2) Channel-state estimation and predictive modeling. 3) Transmit-power control and dynamic spectrum management. This work also discusses the emergent behavior of cognitive radio.
12,172 citations
Cites background or methods from "Cognitive Radio An Integrated Agent..."
...The primary purpose of this paper is to build on Mitola’s visionary dissertation by presenting detailed expositions of signalprocessing and adaptive procedures that lie at the heart of cognitive radio....
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...That report set the stage for a workshop on cognitive radio, which was held in Washington, DC, May 2003....
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...I. INTRODUCTION...
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...V address the task of radio-scene analysis, with Section II introducing the notion of interference temperature as a new metric for the quantification and management of interference in a radio environment....
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TL;DR: The novel functionalities and current research challenges of the xG networks are explained in detail, and a brief overview of the cognitive radio technology is provided and the xg network architecture is introduced.
6,608 citations
Cites background from "Cognitive Radio An Integrated Agent..."
...Dynamic spectrum access is proposed to solve these current spectrum inefficiency problems....
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...Each component can be reconfigured via a control bus itive radio transceiver and (b) wideband RF/analog front-end to adapt to the time-varying RF environment....
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TL;DR: This paper designs the sensing duration to maximize the achievable throughput for the secondary network under the constraint that the primary users are sufficiently protected, and forms the sensing-throughput tradeoff problem mathematically, and uses energy detection sensing scheme to prove that the formulated problem indeed has one optimal sensing time which yields the highest throughput.
Abstract: In a cognitive radio network, the secondary users are allowed to utilize the frequency bands of primary users when these bands are not currently being used. To support this spectrum reuse functionality, the secondary users are required to sense the radio frequency environment, and once the primary users are found to be active, the secondary users are required to vacate the channel within a certain amount of time. Therefore, spectrum sensing is of significant importance in cognitive radio networks. There are two parameters associated with spectrum sensing: probability of detection and probability of false alarm. The higher the probability of detection, the better the primary users are protected. However, from the secondary users' perspective, the lower the probability of false alarm, the more chances the channel can be reused when it is available, thus the higher the achievable throughput for the secondary network. In this paper, we study the problem of designing the sensing duration to maximize the achievable throughput for the secondary network under the constraint that the primary users are sufficiently protected. We formulate the sensing-throughput tradeoff problem mathematically, and use energy detection sensing scheme to prove that the formulated problem indeed has one optimal sensing time which yields the highest throughput for the secondary network. Cooperative sensing using multiple mini-slots or multiple secondary users are also studied using the methodology proposed in this paper. Computer simulations have shown that for a 6 MHz channel, when the frame duration is 100 ms, and the signal-to-noise ratio of primary user at the secondary receiver is -20 dB, the optimal sensing time achieving the highest throughput while maintaining 90% detection probability is 14.2 ms. This optimal sensing time decreases when distributed spectrum sensing is applied.
2,889 citations
Cites background from "Cognitive Radio An Integrated Agent..."
...The core technology behind spectrum reuse is cognitive radio [3], [ 4 ], which consists of three essential components: (1) Spectrum sensing: The secondary users are required to sense and monitor the radio spectrum environment within their operating range to detect the frequency bands that are not occupied by primary users; (2) Dynamic spectrum management: Cognitive radio networks are required to dynamically select the best available bands ......
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24 Apr 2009
TL;DR: This information-theoretic survey provides guidelines for the spectral efficiency gains possible through cognitive radios, as well as practical design ideas to mitigate the coexistence challenges in today's crowded spectrum.
Abstract: Cognitive radios hold tremendous promise for increasing spectral efficiency in wireless systems. This paper surveys the fundamental capacity limits and associated transmission techniques for different wireless network design paradigms based on this promising technology. These paradigms are unified by the definition of a cognitive radio as an intelligent wireless communication device that exploits side information about its environment to improve spectrum utilization. This side information typically comprises knowledge about the activity, channels, codebooks, and/or messages of other nodes with which the cognitive node shares the spectrum. Based on the nature of the available side information as well as a priori rules about spectrum usage, cognitive radio systems seek to underlay, overlay, or interweave the cognitive radios' signals with the transmissions of noncognitive nodes. We provide a comprehensive summary of the known capacity characterizations in terms of upper and lower bounds for each of these three approaches. The increase in system degrees of freedom obtained through cognitive radios is also illuminated. This information-theoretic survey provides guidelines for the spectral efficiency gains possible through cognitive radios, as well as practical design ideas to mitigate the coexistence challenges in today's crowded spectrum.
2,516 citations
Cites background from "Cognitive Radio An Integrated Agent..."
...This is the central idea behind the interweave approach, originally outlined in [2]....
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...the idea of opportunistic communication, and was the original motivation for cognitive radio [2]....
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...Since its introduction in [2], the idea of cognitive radio has evoked much enthusiasm, including within the FCC, which tapped a spectrum policy task force to provide new policy recommendations that support cognitive radio innovations [3]....
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TL;DR: Recent advances in research related to cognitive radios are surveyed, including the fundamentals of cognitive radio technology, architecture of a cognitive radio network and its applications, and important issues in dynamic spectrum allocation and sharing are investigated in detail.
Abstract: With the rapid deployment of new wireless devices and applications, the last decade has witnessed a growing demand for wireless radio spectrum. However, the fixed spectrum assignment policy becomes a bottleneck for more efficient spectrum utilization, under which a great portion of the licensed spectrum is severely under-utilized. The inefficient usage of the limited spectrum resources urges the spectrum regulatory bodies to review their policy and start to seek for innovative communication technology that can exploit the wireless spectrum in a more intelligent and flexible way. The concept of cognitive radio is proposed to address the issue of spectrum efficiency and has been receiving an increasing attention in recent years, since it equips wireless users the capability to optimally adapt their operating parameters according to the interactions with the surrounding radio environment. There have been many significant developments in the past few years on cognitive radios. This paper surveys recent advances in research related to cognitive radios. The fundamentals of cognitive radio technology, architecture of a cognitive radio network and its applications are first introduced. The existing works in spectrum sensing are reviewed, and important issues in dynamic spectrum allocation and sharing are investigated in detail.
1,329 citations
Cites background from "Cognitive Radio An Integrated Agent..."
...In recent years, the FCC has been considering more flexible and comprehensive uses of the available spectrum [1], through the use of cognitive radio technology [2]....
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...When multiple secondary users share a frequency band, their access should be coordinated to alleviate collisions and interference....
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01 Jan 1990TL;DR: This book provides a formal definition of Standard ML for the benefit of all concerned with the language, including users and implementers, and the authors have defined their semantic objects in mathematical notation that is completely independent of StandardML.
Abstract: From the Publisher:
Standard ML is general-purpose programming language designed for large projects. This book provides a formal definition of Standard ML for the benefit of all concerned with the language, including users and implementers. Because computer programs are increasingly required to withstand rigorous analysis, it is all the more important that the language in which they are written be defined with full rigor. The authors have defined their semantic objects in mathematical notation that is completely independent of Standard ML.
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TL;DR: A closer look at the canonical functional partitioning of channel coding into antenna, RF, IF, baseband, and bitstream segments and a brief treatment of the economics and likely future directions of software radio technology are provided.
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