Com(ple)menting the news on the financial crisis: The contribution of news users’ commentary to the diversity of viewpoints in the public debate:

doi:10.1177/0267323114538724

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Com(ple)menting the news on the financial crisis: The contribution of news users’ commentary to the diversity of viewpoints in the public debate:

Journal Article•DOI•

Com(ple)menting the news on the financial crisis: The contribution of news users’ commentary to the diversity of viewpoints in the public debate:

Christian Baden¹, Nina Springer¹•Institutions (1)

Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich¹

07 Jul 2014-European Journal of Communication (SAGE Publications)-Vol. 29, Iss: 5, pp 529-548

TL;DR: In this paper, the interpretations of the current financial crisis in the online coverage of five German newspapers and the subsequent commentary of news users were analyzed using an innovative strategy to identify the interpretative repertoires constructed by news and user frames, assessing how user commentary deviated from those viewpoints represented in the news.

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Abstract: Does news users’ commentary contribute to widening the diversity of viewpoints represented in the news? This article comparatively analyses the interpretations of the current financial crisis in the online coverage of five German newspapers and the subsequent commentary of news users. Using an innovative strategy to identify the interpretative repertoires constructed by news and user frames, it assesses how user commentary deviates from those viewpoints represented in the news. Findings show that user accounts mostly remain within the wider interpretative repertoires offered by the media. However, they utilize media frame fragments rather freely to construct their own views, shifting focus and elaborating upon new aspects. While no consistent alternative repertoires were constructed, users thus valuably complemented the diversity of concerns discussed on news websites.

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Abstract: This paper examines diversity in online news with special attention paid to the role of different types of media ownership (meso level) and media systems (macro level). After identifying relevant perspectives and operationalizations of diversity, and discussing the economic implications of ownership and market conditions for diversity, the study tests four hypotheses with a content analysis of 1660 stories from 48 news sites in six countries (United States, United Kingdom, France, Italy, Germany, and Switzerland). Findings show that online news attains the highest levels of diversity (measured with three different indices) in national environments with strong public service media, and that even in the internet age, public broadcasters add considerably to the diversity of political news. The much discussed category of made-for-Web outlets (including the Huffington Post and Rue89) revealed considerable variety in ownership and escape simple explanations with regard to diversity.

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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors study how to study media diversity and find that algorithmic filtering and a shift of audiences from legacy media to new intermediaries decrease diversity in the media landscape.

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Abstract: How to study media diversity has become a major concern in today’s media landscape. Many expect that algorithmic filtering and a shift of audiences from legacy media to new intermediaries decrease ...

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Cites background from "Com(ple)menting the news on the fin..."

...” Media, Culture and Society 37 (7): 1042–1059....
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...” Information Communication and Society 21 (7): 940–958....
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...” Information, Communication and Society 21 (7): 959–977....
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...” Expert Systems with Applications 41 (7): 3168–3177....
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...” Information Communication and Society 19 (7): 875–891....
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Journal Article•DOI•

The Effects of Frames in Political Television News on Issue Interpretation and Frame Salience

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Claes H. de Vreese

01 Mar 2004-Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly

TL;DR: This article investigated the effects of television news frames on audience interpretations of a political issue, the salience of news frames versus other information in the story, and the effect of news frame saliency.

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Abstract: This experiment investigated the effects of television news frames on (1) audience interpretations of a political issue, (2) the salience of news frames versus other information in the story, and (...

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191 citations

"Com(ple)menting the news on the fin..." refers background in this paper

...Different frames highlight different aspects of a situation, construct different interpretations and imply different evaluative judgments and suitable courses of action (Chong and Druckman, 2007; De Vreese, 2004)....
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The Decline of the Death Penalty and the Discovery of Innocence, by Frank R. Baumgartner, Suzanna L. De Boef, and Amber E. Boydstun

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James N. Druckman

01 Jan 2009-The International Journal of Press/Politics

170 citations

Journal Article•DOI•

A study of content diversity in online citizen journalism and online newspaper articles

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Serena Carpenter¹•Institutions (1)

Arizona State University¹

09 Feb 2010-New Media & Society

TL;DR: A measure of content diversity was created to determine whether online citizen journalism and online newspaper publications were serving this function in the USA and suggest onlineitizen journalism content adds to the diversity of information available in the marketplace.

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Abstract: The presence of a diversity of information offers citizens access to a range of ideas, expertise and topics. In this study, a measure of content diversity was created to determine whether online citizen journalism and online newspaper publications were serving this function in the USA. Based on the findings from a quantitative content analysis (n = 962), online citizen journalism articles were more likely to feature a greater diversity of topics, information from outside sources and multimedia and interactive features. The findings suggest online citizen journalism content adds to the diversity of information available in the marketplace.

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162 citations

"Com(ple)menting the news on the fin..." refers background in this paper

...Expectations for the diversity in the news and user commentary Recognizing these limiting factors, many scholars have hailed interactive platforms as venues for more diverse public debates (e.g. Bruns, 2005; Bruns et al., 2012; Carpenter, 2010; Graham, 2009; Savigny, 2002)....
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...Among those studies that gauge the range of frames provided on an issue, most find that often no more than two or three frames suffice to capture the bulk of news reporting on an issue (e.g. Benson and Hallin, 2007; Bronstein, 2005; Carpenter, 2010; Hayes and Guardino, 2010; Van Gorp, 2005)....
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...Email: baden@ifkw.lmu.de on online news platforms, news users are now able to directly complement the news with their own interpretations, thereby potentially raising the diversity of viewpoints available to the news audience (Carpenter, 2010; Springer, 2014)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

How States, Markets and Globalization Shape the News The French and US National Press, 1965-97

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Rodney Benson¹, Daniel C. Hallin²•Institutions (2)

New York University¹, University of California, San Diego²

01 Mar 2007-European Journal of Communication

TL;DR: This article presented a comparative content analysis of the US and French national press in the 1960s and 1990s to test hypotheses about the influence of media structure on journalistic discourse and found that the French press (Le Monde and Le Figaro) offers relatively more critical coverage, a greater representation of civil society viewpoints, a stronger emphasis on both the ideological and strategic "game" aspects of politics, and a higher proportion of interpretation and opinion mixed with factual reporting.

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Abstract: This article presents a comparative content analysis of the US and French national press in the 1960s and 1990s to test hypotheses about the influence of media structure on journalistic discourse. The US and French press are presented as strongly contrasting models, with the US press more commercialized, and the French press more closely tied to the political field. Using a variety of story- and paragraph-level content indicators, this studyshows that the French press (Le Monde and Le Figaro) offers relatively more critical coverage, a greater representation of civil society viewpoints, a stronger emphasis on both the ideological and strategic ‘game’ aspects of politics, and a higher proportion of interpretation and opinion mixed with factual reporting. Representing the US national press, The New York Times is shown to ‘index’ its coverage more closely to political elite viewpoints. Despite globalizing pressures, French-US differences have not diminished over time.

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155 citations

"Com(ple)menting the news on the fin..." refers background in this paper

...Among those studies that gauge the range of frames provided on an issue, most find that often no more than two or three frames suffice to capture the bulk of news reporting on an issue (e.g. Benson and Hallin, 2007; Bronstein, 2005; Carpenter, 2010; Hayes and Guardino, 2010; Van Gorp, 2005)....
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...The final category of studies addresses those factors governing the journalistic production of diversity in the news (e.g. Benson and Hallin, 2007; Reese et al., 1994; Scheufele, 2006)....
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...…studies have traced the range of sources and, less frequently, the range of frames (see below) quoted in the news coverage on controversial issues (Althaus et al., 1996; Bennett, 1996; Benson, 2009; Benson and Hallin, 2007; Hayes and Guardino, 2010; Van Gorp, 2005; Zaller and Chiu, 1996)....
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Journal Article•DOI•

Revising the indexing hypothesis: Officials, media, and the Libya crisis

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Scott L. Althaus¹, Jill A. Edy², Robert M. Entman³, Patricia F. Phalen⁴•Institutions (4)

University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign¹, Northwestern University², North Carolina State University³, Ohio University⁴

01 Jan 1996-Political Communication

TL;DR: This article investigated whether journalists use "official debate" to guide their coverage of important policy issues and how they might construct and interpret this debate, and found that journalists seek out foreign sources to provide opinions contrary to the dominant policy position and marginalize some U.S. elite voices while overemphasizing others.

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Abstract: This study revises the indexing hypothesis by specifying its predictions and testing them on a single event, the U.S.‐Libya crisis of 1985–1986. We consider not only whether journalists use “official debate” to guide their coverage of important policy issues, but also how they might construct and interpret this debate. Detailed content analysis of the New York Times demonstrates that, while indexing is a valuable theory in assessing media treatment of foreign policy, it needs further refinement. Different interpretations of indexing, particularly a proportional versus a parametric standard, predict very different results. Journalism norms such as objectivity and event‐centered reporting may support or counteract indexing. Journalists appear to seek out foreign sources to provide opinions contrary to the dominant policy position, and they marginalize some U.S. elite voices while overemphasizing others. This may be a sign of media autonomy, or of the relative power of sources over both policy outcomes and p...

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151 citations

"Com(ple)menting the news on the fin..." refers background in this paper

...The above results illuminate several key mechanisms shaping both news journalism and user commentary in the financial crisis: Journalistic representations focus on only few main repertoires; the voice of economic experts and financial institutions is reflected in the high salience of economic interdependencies in the debate; the intergovernmental mode of decision making contributes the bulk of references to political activity; and both repertoires contribute to the salience of depoliticized technocracy (Althaus et al., 1996; Bennett, 1996; Hobolt, 2009)....
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...…in the high salience of economic interdependencies in the debate; the intergovernmental mode of decision making contributes the bulk of references to political activity; and both repertoires contribute to the salience of depoliticized technocracy (Althaus et al., 1996; Bennett, 1996; Hobolt, 2009)....
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...With regard to speakers, official sources (governments, administrations, foreign officials) occupy the lion’s share of news coverage (Althaus et al., 1996; Bennett, 1996), and if non-elite sources are cited, the bulk of references is distributed over a small number of activist organizations widely…...
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...With regard to speakers, official sources (governments, administrations, foreign officials) occupy the lion’s share of news coverage (Althaus et al., 1996; Bennett, 1996), and if non-elite sources are cited, the bulk of references is distributed over a small number of activist organizations widely recognized as ‘counter’ elites (Smith et al....
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...First, many content-analytic studies have traced the range of sources and, less frequently, the range of frames (see below) quoted in the news coverage on controversial issues (Althaus et al., 1996; Bennett, 1996; Benson, 2009; Benson and Hallin, 2007; Hayes and Guardino, 2010; Van Gorp, 2005; Zaller and Chiu, 1996)....
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