Combination of silica gel and surfactin promoting methane hydrate formation
01 Oct 2021-Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme (American Society of Mechanical Engineers Digital Collection)-Vol. 143, Iss: 10
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reported the application of biosurfactant for enhancing gas hydrate formation in the presence of fixed bed media of silica gel, and it was observed that surfactin was a clean and novel promoter of methane hydrate.
Abstract:
Recently, gas hydrates based technologies have been exploited for few novel applications such as storage and transpiration of natural gas, gas mixtures separation, CO2 capture, and seawater desalination. Most of these applications are currently facing a challenge of low rate of gas hydrate formation. Chemical additives like surfactants can play a role of a good kinetic promoter for gas hydrate formation. The present study reports the application of biosurfactant for enhancing gas hydrate formation. Biosurfactant was produced by Bacillus subtilis strain A21. These types of microbes show their presence in the real gas hydrate sites also. The surfactin was characterized using many sophisticated techniques, conforming the formation of surfactin. It was used in the presence of fixed bed media of silica gel, and it was observed that surfactin in the presence of silica gel increased the consumption of moles of methane as well as reduced the induction time also as well as the conversion was also increased up to 27.9% for 390 min for 1000 ppm surfactin hence indicating it to be a clean and novel promoter of methane hydrate formation in combination with silica gel which can replace its synthetic counterparts which have environmental concerns.
Citations
More filters
TL;DR: A review of the status of gas hydrate research in India is presented in this paper , which includes a summary of exploration and research efforts by several agencies and academic groups in India.
Abstract: Gas hydrates have been an intense area of research during the past two decadesowing to their characteristic advantages and utilization potential in several applications. Methane hydrates carve a niche among gas hydrates owing to their immense energy potential─they are available as an energy resource as well as catering to a plethora of applications including energy (gas) storage, gas separation/enrichment, etc. This Review attempts to put forth the status of gas hydrate research in India─it includes a summary of exploration and research efforts by several agencies and academic groups in India. The National Gas Hydrate Program (NGHP), initiated in 1997, has conducted two successful expeditions, NGHP-01 and NGHP-02, in 2006 and 2015, respectively. Salient findings and analysis results from these expeditions along with fostered international collaboration are presented as well. Research efforts put forth by various academic groups in India are reviewed and discussed based on hydrate applications. Future directions for gas hydrate research in India are also outlined in this Review.
5 citations
References
More filters
Book•
01 Jan 1949
TL;DR: In this article, the second law of thermodynamics is used to describe the properties of pure fluids and their properties in the context of flow process analysis, and a discussion of the application of thermodynamic analysis of processes can be found.
Abstract: Preface 1 Introduction 2 The First Law and Other Basic Concepts 3 Volumetric Properties of Pure Fluids 4 Heat Effects 5 The Second Law of Thermodynamics 6 Thermodynamic Properties of Fluids 7 Applications of Thermodynamics to Flow Processes 8 Production of Power from Heat 9 Refrigeration and Liquefaction 10 Vapor/Liquid Equilbrium: Introduction 11 Solution Thermodynamics: Theory 12 Solution Thermodynamics: Applications 13 Chemical-Reaction Equilibria 14 Topics in Phase Equilibria 15 Thermodynamic Analysis of Processes 16 Introduciton to Molecular Thermodynamics Appendixes A Conversion Factors and Values of the Gas Constant B Properties of Pure Species C Heat Capacities and Property Changes of Formation D Representative Computer Programs E The Lee/Kesler Generalized-Correlation Tables F Steam Tables G Thermodynamic Diagrams H UNIFAC Method I Newton's Method Author Index Subject Index
3,684 citations
TL;DR: Natural gas hydrates have an important bearing on flow assurance and safety issues in oil and gas pipelines, they offer a largely unexploited means of energy recovery and transportation, and could play a significant role in past and future climate change.
Abstract: Natural gas hydrates are solid, non-stoichiometric compounds of small gas molecules and water. They form when the constituents come into contact at low temperature and high pressure. The physical properties of these compounds, most notably that they are non-flowing crystalline solids that are denser than typical fluid hydrocarbons and that the gas molecules they contain are effectively compressed, give rise to numerous applications in the broad areas of energy and climate effects. In particular, they have an important bearing on flow assurance and safety issues in oil and gas pipelines, they offer a largely unexploited means of energy recovery and transportation, and they could play a significant role in past and future climate change.
2,419 citations
TL;DR: Biosurfactants are surfactants that are produced extracellularly or as part of the cell membrane by bacteria, yeast and fungi as mentioned in this paper, which are used for soil and water treatment.
1,406 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review various studies on resource potential of natural gas hydrate, the current research progress in laboratory settings, and several recent field trials, and discuss possible limitation in each production method and the challenges to be addressed for large scale production.
1,236 citations
TL;DR: This review gives a detailed overview of the versatile functions of lipopeptides in the biology of Pseudomonas and Bacillus species, and highlights their role in competitive interactions with coexisting organisms, including bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, protozoa, nematodes and plants.
Abstract: Lipopeptides constitute a structurally diverse group of metabolites produced by various bacterial and fungal genera. In the past decades, research on lipopeptides has been fueled by their antimicrobial, antitumour, immunosuppressant and surfactant activities. However, the natural functions of lipopeptides in the lifestyles of the producing microorganisms have received considerably less attention. The substantial structural diversity of lipopeptides suggests that these metabolites have different natural roles, some of which may be unique to the biology of the producing organism. This review gives a detailed overview of the versatile functions of lipopeptides in the biology of Pseudomonas and Bacillus species, and highlights their role in competitive interactions with coexisting organisms, including bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, protozoa, nematodes and plants. Their functions in cell motility, leading to colonization of novel habitats, and in the formation and development of highly structured biofilms are discussed in detail. Finally, this review provides an update on lipopeptide detection and discovery as well as on novel regulatory mechanisms and genes involved in lipopeptide biosynthesis in these two bacterial genera.
909 citations