Combustion characteristics of a 4-stroke CI engine operated on Honge oil, Neem and Rice Bran oils when directly injected and dual fuelled with producer gas induction
TL;DR: In this paper, a single cylinder, four-stroke, direct injection, water-cooled CI engine operated in single fuel mode using Honge, Neem and Rice Bran oils.
About: This article is published in Renewable Energy.The article was published on 2009-07-01. It has received 115 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Diesel fuel & Winter diesel fuel.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors introduced some species of non-edible vegetables whose oils are potential sources of biodiesel, such as Pongamia pinnata (karanja), Calophyllum inophyllus (Polanga), Maduca indica (mahua), Hevea brasiliensis (rubber seed), Cotton seed, Simmondsia chinesnsis (Jojoba), Nicotianna tabacum (tobacco), Azadirachta indica, Linum usitatissimum (Linseed)
481 citations
Cites background from "Combustion characteristics of a 4-s..."
...5:1, RS: 1500 rpm Constant speed 1500 rpm, duel fueling – 5% lower than that of diesel fuel – [161]...
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...of engine load – – Lower as compare with diesel fuel [161]...
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...Some specific condition show high emissions of CO, HC, NOx, and smoke opacity [157,161]....
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...[161] Banapurmath N, Tewari P, Yaliwal V, Kambalimath S, Basavarajappa Y....
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TL;DR: The use of inedible vegetable oils as an alternative fuel for diesel engine is accelerated by the energy crisis due to depletion of resources and increased environmental problems including the great need for edible oil as food and the reduction of biodiesel production cost, etc as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The use of inedible vegetable oils as an alternative fuel for diesel engine is accelerated by the energy crisis due to depletion of resources and increased environmental problems including the great need for edible oil as food and the reduction of biodiesel production cost, etc. Of a lot of inedible vegetable oils which can be exploited for substitute fuel as diesel fuel, seven vegetable oils, i.e., jatropha, karanja, mahua, linseed, rubber seed, cottonseed and neem oils were selected for discussion in this review paper. The application of jatropha oil as a liquid fuel for CI engine can be classified with neat jatropha oil, engine modifications such as preheating, and dual fuelling, and fuel modifications such as jatropha oil blends with other fuels, mostly with diesel fuel, biodiesel, biodiesel blends and degumming. Therefore, jatropha oil is a leading candidate for the commercialization of non-edible vegetable oils. There exists a big difference in the fuel properties of seven inedible vegetable oils and its biodiesels considered in this review. It is clear from this review that biodiesel generally causes an increase in NOx emission and a decrease in HC, CO and PM emissions compared to diesel. It was reported that a diesel engine without any modification would run successfully on a blend of 20% vegetable oil and 80% diesel fuel without damage to engine parts. This trend can be applied to the biodiesel blends even though particular biodiesel shows 40% blend. In addition, the blends of biodiesel and diesel can replace the diesel fuel up to 10% by volume for running common rail direct injection system without any durability problems.
416 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the suitability of waste cooking oil methyl ester as a biofuel has been established in a single cylinder four stroke variable compression ratio multi fuel engine when fueled with waste cooking oils methyl esters and its 20, 40, 60% and 80% blends with diesel (on a volume basis) are investigated and compared with standard diesel.
390 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a review of the characteristics of the heterogeneous catalysts (solid base, solid acid, acid base, acid-base and bio-catalyst) is presented.
Abstract: The research on biodiesel production via heterogeneous catalyzed approach is continuously studied by scientist in order to gain a sustainable process for industrial production and to improve its fuel quality The green resource of biodiesel feedstock and catalyst is the major criteria to influence the biodiesel yield and sustainability of the process For the state of the art biodiesel production technology, heterogeneous catalyst received great attention for simple and low cost manufacturing process In terms of easy separation and high reusability The most special characteristic of heterogeneous catalyst is its tuning properties that generate acidic-basicity, surface area and porosity that can highly advance the variety of the feedstock for esterification/transesterification process Different traits of the heterogeneous catalysts (solid base, solid acid, acid-base and bio-catalyst) are studied in this review as each holds a specialty of features to the process Thus, the study of heterogeneous catalyst should continue to be evaluated and taken into account if the catalyst are to be employed in the commercial sector as that remains the pivotal goal of these studies In consideration to the debate of food vs fuel as well as low cost production, non-edible feedstock was further discussed by using heterogeneous catalyzed system
320 citations
Abstract: Direct injection diesel engines are more popular in the automotive sector than spark ignition (SI) engines due to its fuel lean operation However, the demand of fossil fuel is rising day by day and hence the major fuel source of diesel engine, the petroleum based fuel, is depleting rapidly Many countries depend mainly on imported fossil fuels due to lack of fuel reserves and it has great impact on the economy In addition to this, the major concerns of diesel engine are its oxides of nitrogen and smoke emissions Therefore, for the past several decades extensive efforts are being made to search for alternate fuels to overcome the dependence on fossil fuel and environment pollution In this regard, several alternate fuels namely hydrogen, oxygenated fuels like alcohol fuels, dimethyl ether and biodiesel fuels etc, have been extensively analysed Recent studies show that biodiesel is one of the most promising alternate fuels for diesel engines because of its biodegradable, oxygenated, sulphur free and renewable characteristics Hence, it is getting the attention of researchers all over the world The blends of biodiesel with fossil diesel have many benefits like reduction in emissions, lower engine wear, lesser engine oil consumption and comparable thermal efficiency vis-a-vis diesel fuel Exhaustive experimental works have been carried out to analyse the suitability of biodiesel fuel as alternate fuel and to explore their advantages in diesel engines Hence, this paper is attempted to present a comprehensive review on the performance, combustion and emission characteristics of some important biodiesel fuels on diesel engines This comprehensive review on the published literature will be helpful to the researchers to understand the state-of-the-art technology of the biodiesel fuelled compression ignition engine
238 citations
References
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01 Jan 1988
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe real engine flow and combustion processes, as well as engine operating characteristics and their operation, including engine design and operating parameters, engine characteristics, and operating characteristics.
Abstract: 1 Engine Types and Their Operations 2 Engine Design and Operating Parameters 3 Thermochemistry of Fuel-Air Mixtures 4 Properties of Working Fluids 5 Ideal Models of Engine Cycles 6 Gas Exchange Processes 7 SI Engine Fuel Metering and Manifold Phenomena 8 Charge Motion within the Cylinder 9 Combustion in Ignition Engines 10 Combustion in Compression Ignition Engines 11 Pollutant Formation and Control 12 Engine Heat Transfer 13 Engine Friction and Lubrication 14 Modeling Real Engine Flow and Combustion Processes 15 Engine Operating Characteristics Appendixes
14,372 citations
TL;DR: The main advantages of using biodiesel are its renewability, better-quality exhaust gas emissions, its biodegradability and given that all the organic carbon present is photosynthetic in origin, it does not contribute to a rise in the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and consequently to the greenhouse effect as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Efforts are under way in many countries, including India, to search for suitable alternative diesel fuels that are environment friendly. The need to search for these fuels arises mainly from the standpoint of preserving the global environment and the concern about long-term supplies of conventional hydrocarbon-based diesel fuels. Among the different possible sources, diesel fuels derived from triglycerides (vegetable oils/animal fats) present a promising alternative to substitute diesel fuels. Although triglycerides can fuel diesel engines, their high viscosities, low volatilities and poor cold flow properties have led to the investigation of various derivatives. Fatty acid methyl esters, known as biodiesel, derived from triglycerides by transesterification with methanol have received the most attention. The main advantages of using biodiesel are its renewability, better-quality exhaust gas emissions, its biodegradability and given that all the organic carbon present is photosynthetic in origin, it does not contribute to a rise in the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and consequently to the greenhouse effect.
1,733 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of temperature on the viscosity of biodiesel and jatropha oil was studied and the performance of a single cylinder C.I. engine using blends of varying proportions of Jatropha curcas oil and diesel was evaluated.
954 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a review of the production and characterization of biodiesel (BD or B) as well as the experimental work carried out by many researchers in this field.
871 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an experimental investigation has been carried out to analyze the performance and emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine fuelled with Karanja oil and its blends (10, 20, 50% and 75%) vis-a-vis mineral diesel.
468 citations