Combustion, performance and emission characteristics of a DI diesel engine fueled with ethanol-biodiesel blends
TL;DR: In this article, Euro V diesel fuel, biodiesel, and ethanol-biodiesel blends (BE) were tested in a 4-cylinder direct-injection diesel engine to investigate the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of the engine under five engine loads at the maximum torque engine speed of 1800rpm.
About: This article is published in Fuel.The article was published on 2011-05-01. It has received 337 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Diesel fuel & Diesel engine.
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TL;DR: In this article, the combustion, performance and emission characteristics of conventional diesel fuel and biodiesel produced from soybean oil and its blends (B10, B20, B50) were compared.
474 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the fuel properties of methanol, ethanol and butanol compared with conventional gasoline and diesel fuel and concluded that butanol is a better alternative for diesel fuel due to its superior fuel properties and miscibility with diesel fuel.
Abstract: The increasing energy demand, surging oil prices, depleting oil reserves and environmental pollution problems associated with the use of fossil fuels have sparked renewed interest to find out clean alternative fuels. Alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and butanol are competitive alternative fuels due to their liquid nature, high oxygen contents, high octane number and their production from renewable biomass. In this review, the fuel properties of these alcohols are compared with conventional gasoline and diesel fuel. The comparison of fuel properties represents that butanol has the potential to overcome the problems associated with the use of methanol and ethanol. Progresses of their production from different sources are also introduced. Further, several techniques such as alcohol–diesel fuel blends and alcohol–diesel fuel emulsions are discussed, especially for lower alcohols, in order to use them in diesel engines. The effects of diesel–alcohol blends on the combustion, performance and emissions of diesel engines are also analyzed. It is examined that blending of alcohols, along with some CN improver, to diesel fuels can reduce diesel engine emissions without adverse impacts on the performance of diesel engines. These studies also reveal that butanol is a better alternative for diesel fuel due to its superior fuel properties and miscibility with diesel fuel than those of methanol and ethanol. Finally, some critical conclusions and future research directions are highlighted.
372 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of biodiesel/diesel additives on the performance and emissions of diesel engines were comprehensively reviewed throughout this article, and the opportunities and limitations of each additive considering both engine performance and combustion benignity were outlined to guide future research and development in the domain.
276 citations
TL;DR: CN, IV, C18:3 and double bond limits were the strongest drivers in equal biodiesel parameter-weighted PROMETHEE analysis.
Abstract: Physical and chemical properties of biodiesel are influenced by structural features of the fatty acids, such as chain length, degree of unsaturation and branching of the carbon chain. This study investigated if microalgal fatty acid profiles are suitable for biodiesel characterization and species selection through Preference Ranking Organisation Method for Enrichment Evaluation (PROMETHEE) and Graphical Analysis for Interactive Assistance (GAIA) analysis. Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles were used to calculate the likely key chemical and physical properties of the biodiesel [cetane number (CN), iodine value (IV), cold filter plugging point, density, kinematic viscosity, higher heating value] of nine microalgal species (this study) and twelve species from the literature, selected for their suitability for cultivation in subtropical climates. An equal-parameter weighted (PROMETHEE-GAIA) ranked Nannochloropsis oculata, Extubocellulus sp. and Biddulphia sp. highest; the only species meeting the EN14214 and ASTM D6751-02 biodiesel standards, except for the double bond limit in the EN14214. Chlorella vulgaris outranked N. oculata when the twelve microalgae were included. Culture growth phase (stationary) and, to a lesser extent, nutrient provision affected CN and IV values of N. oculata due to lower eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) contents. Application of a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) weighting to saturation led to a lower ranking of species exceeding the double bond EN14214 thresholds. In summary, CN, IV, C18:3 and double bond limits were the strongest drivers in equal biodiesel parameter-weighted PROMETHEE analysis.
273 citations
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored the global and Australian greenhouse gas (GHG) emission scenario along with the contribution of transportation sector to the GHG emission in Australia and discussed the world biofuel standard with the target and mandate taken by the government of different countries to use biofuel.
Abstract: Exhaust emission from transportation sector affects the human health. It is the main contributor to degrade the air quality. Biofuel is promising alternative to maintain both human health and environment quality better by reducing harmful emission from biofuel runs diesel engines. This study explores the global and Australian greenhouse gas (GHG) emission scenario along with the contribution of transportation sector to the GHG emission in Australia. Besides, the world biofuel standard with the target and mandate taken by the government of different countries to use biofuel are also discussed in the paper. This review indicated that engine emission is dependant on some factors such as engine operating condition, biofuel types, blending etc. Both biodiesel–diesel and ethanol–biodiesel–diesel blending plays a significant role in reducing the exhaust gas emission such as carbon monoxides (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), particulate matter (PM). But ethanol–biodiesel–diesel and biodiesel–diesel blends produce higher carbon dioxides emission, which is absorbed by the crops and considered as lower net CO2 emission. Finally, about 5–10% of ethanol with 20–25% biodiesel can be added with petro-diesel effectively and efficiently to reduce global GHG emission, thus to maintain environment and human health better.
264 citations
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Journal Article•
7,568 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the status of fat and oil derived diesel fuels with respect to fuel properties, engine performance, and emissions is reviewed, and it is concluded that the price of the feedstock fat or oil is the major factor determining biodiesel price.
1,869 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors collected and analyzed the body of work written mainly in scientific journals about diesel engine emissions when using biodiesel fuels as opposed to conventional diesel fuels, focusing on the most concerning emissions: nitric oxides and particulate matter.
1,768 citations
TL;DR: Further work is required in specifying acceptable fuel characteristics, confirming the long-term effects on engine durability, and ensuring safety in handling and storing ethanol-diesel blends.
957 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the production and characterization of vegetable oil as well as the experimental work carried out in various countries in this field, and the scope and challenges being faced in this area of research are clearly described.
789 citations