Book•
Compact and Broadband Microstrip Antennas
15 Jan 2002-
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present an overview of the most recent advances in regular-size Dual-Frequency Antennas and their application in a wide range of applications, including: 1.1 Introduction.
Abstract: Preface. 1. Introduction and Overview. 1.1 Introduction. 1.2 Compact Microstrip Antennas. 1.3 Compact Broadband Microstrip Antennas. 1.4 Compact Dual-Frequency Microstrip Antennas. 1.5 Compact Dual-Polarized Microstrip Antennas. 1.6 Compact Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antennas. 1.7 Compact Microstrip Antennas with Enhanced Gain. 1.8 Broadband Microstrip Antennas. 1.9 Broadband Dual-Frequency and Dual-Polarized Microstrip Antennas. 1.10 Broadband and Dual-Band Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antennas. 2. Compact Microstrip Antennas. 2.1 Introduction. 2.2 Use of a Shorted Patch with a Thin Dielectric Substrate. 2.3 Use of a Meandered Patch. 2.4 Use of a Meandered Ground Plane. 2.5 Use of a Planar Inverted-L Patch. 2.6 Use of an Inverted U-Shaped or Folded Patch. 3. Compact Broadband Microstrip Antennas. 3.1 Introduction. 3.2 Use of a Shorted Patch with a Thick Air Substrate. 3.3 Use of Stacked Shorted Patches. 3.4 Use of Chip-Resistor and Chip-Capacitor Loading Technique. 3.5 Use of a Slot-Loading Technique. 3.6 Use of a Slotted Ground Plane. 4. Compact Dual-Frequency and Dual-Polarized Microstrip Antennas. 4.1 Introduction. 4.2 Some Recent Advances in Regular-Size Dual-Frequency Designs. 4.3 Compact Dual-Frequency Operation with Same Polarization Planes. 4.4 Compact Dual-Frequency Operation. 4.5 Dual-Band or Triple-Band PIFA. 4.6 Compact Dual-Polarized Designs. 5. Compact Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antennas. 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Designs with a Cross-Slot of Unequal Arm Lengths. 5.3 Designs with a Y-Shaped Slot of Unequal Arm Lengths. 5.4 Designs with Slits. 5.5 Designs with Spur Lines. 5.6 Designs with Truncated Corners. 5.7 Designs with Peripheral Cuts. 5.8 Designs with a Tuning Stub. 5.9 Designs with a Bent Tuning Stub. 5.10 Compact CP Designs with an Inset Microstrip-Line Feed. 6. Compact Microstrip Antennas with Enhanced Gain. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Compact Microstrip Antennas with High-Permittivity Superstrate. 6.3 Compact Microstrip Antennas with Active Circuitry. 7. Broadband Microstrip Antennas. 7.1 Introduction. 7.2 Use of Additional Microstrip Resonators. 7.3 Microstrip Antennas with an Air Substrate. 7.4 Broadband Slot-Loaded Microstrip Antennas. 7.5 Broadband Microstrip Antennas with an Integrated Reactive Loading. 7.6 Broadband Microstrip Antennas with Reduced Cross-Polarization Radiation. 8. Broadband Dual-Frequency and Dual-Polarized Microstrip Antennas. 8.1 Introduction. 8.2 Broadband Dual-Frequency Microstrip Antennas. 8.3 Broadband Dual-Polarized Microstrip Antennas. 9. Broadband and Dual-Band Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antennas. 9.1 Introduction. 9.2 Broadband Single-Feed Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antennas. 9.3 Broadband Two-Feed Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antennas. 9.4 Broadband Four-Feed Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antennas. 9.5 Dual-Band Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antennas. Index.
Citations
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize the work that has been developed by the authors for the last several years, in order to demonstrate that the Theory of Characteristic Modes can be used to perform a systematic design of different types of antennas.
Abstract: The objective of this paper is to summarize the work that has been developed by the authors for the last several years, in order to demonstrate that the Theory of Characteristic Modes can be used to perform a systematic design of different types of antennas. Characteristic modes are real current modes that can be computed numerically for conducting bodies of arbitrary shape. Since characteristic modes form a set of orthogonal functions, they can be used to expand the total current on the surface of the body. However, this paper shows that what makes characteristic modes really attractive for antenna design is the physical insight they bring into the radiating phenomena taking place in the antenna. The resonance frequency of modes, as well as their radiating behavior, can be determined from the information provided by the eigenvalues associated with the characteristic modes. Moreover, by studying the current distribution of modes, an optimum feeding arrangement can be found in order to obtain the desired radiating behavior.
565Â citations
Cites background from "Compact and Broadband Microstrip An..."
...In particular, the design of smal atenas or new mobile terminals [1, 2] is currently receiving a lot of attention, due to market demand....
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TL;DR: In this article, a new technique for designing dual-band reconfigurable slot antennas is presented, which is achieved by loading a slot antenna with two lumped variable capacitors (varactors) placed in proper locations along the slot.
Abstract: A new technique for designing dual-band reconfigurable slot antennas is presented. Dual-frequency operation is achieved by loading a slot antenna with two lumped variable capacitors (varactors) placed in proper locations along the slot. Loading the slot antenna with lumped capacitors shifts down the resonant frequencies of the first and second resonances of the antenna. However, these frequency shifts depend not only on the values of the capacitors, but also on their locations along the slot antenna. Here, it is shown that by choosing the locations of the varactors appropriately, it is possible to obtain a dual-band antenna whose first and second resonant frequencies can be controlled individually. In other words, the frequency of either the first or the second band can be fixed, while the other one is electronically tuned. Using such a design, an electronically tunable dual-band antenna is designed and fabricated using two identical varactors having a capacitance range of 0.5-2.25 pF. The antenna is shown to have a frequency ratio (f/sub R/=f/sub 2//f/sub 1/) ranging from 1.3 to 2.67. An important feature of this antenna is its consistent radiation pattern, polarization, and polarization purity at both bands and across its entire tunable frequency range.
367Â citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the design of compact patch antennas loaded with complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs) and reactive impedance surface (RIS) is presented, where CSRR is incorporated on the patch as a shunt LC resonator providing a low resonance frequency and RIS is realized using the two-dimensional metallic patches printed on a metal-grounded substrate.
Abstract: An investigation into the design of compact patch antennas loaded with complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs) and reactive impedance surface (RIS) is presented in this study. The CSRR is incorporated on the patch as a shunt LC resonator providing a low resonance frequency and the RIS is realized using the two-dimensional metallic patches printed on a metal-grounded substrate. Both the meta-resonator (CSRR) and the meta-surface (RIS) are able to miniaturize the antenna size. By changing the configuration of the CSRRs, multi-band operation with varied polarization states can be obtained. An equivalent circuit has been developed for the CSRR-loaded patch antennas to illustrate their working principles. Six antennas with different features are designed and compared, including a circularly-polarized antenna, which validate their versatility for practical applications. These antennas are fabricated and tested. The measured results are in good agreement with the simulation.
317Â citations
Book•
03 Sep 2010TL;DR: In this paper, the Cavity Model Characteristics of the Rectangular Patch and the Circular Patch are described and a full wave analysis of Microstrip antennas is performed using the full-wave analysis of microstrip antennas.
Abstract: Introduction Review of Some Background Materials General Formulation of the Cavity Model Characteristics of the Rectangular Patch Characteristics of the Circular Patch The Annular-Ring and the Equilaterial Triangular Patch Introduction to Full Wave Analysis of Microstrip Antennas Some Methods of Tuning the Resonant Frequencies of Patch Antennas Broadbanding Techniques Size Reduction Techniques Dual and Multi-Band Designs Dual Polarized Patch Antenna Designs Circular Polarization Microstrip Arrays
278Â citations
TL;DR: In this article, a defected ground structure (DGS) pattern is proposed to reduce the cross-polarized (XP) radiation of a microstrip patch antenna, which is simple and easy to etch on a commercial microstrip substrate.
Abstract: A defected ground structure (DGS) is proposed to reduce the cross-polarized (XP) radiation of a microstrip patch antenna. The proposed DGS pattern is simple and easy to etch on a commercial microstrip substrate. This will only reduce the XP radiation field without affecting the dominant mode input impedance and co-polarized radiation patterns of a conventional antenna. The new concept has been examined and verified experimentally for a particular DGS pattern employing a circular patch as the radiator. Both simulation and experimental results are presented.
275Â citations
Cites background from "Compact and Broadband Microstrip An..."
...Moreover, various size reduction and broadbanding techniques using shorted pins or shaped slots [5], post-gap [6], or parasititic elements [7] cause high XP as a side effect....
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References
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TL;DR: In this paper, a critical overview of possible solutions for dual-frequency patch antennas is presented, and future perspectives are outlined, in particular geometric and spectral properties of patch antennas are discussed.
Abstract: Dual-frequency patch antennas may provide an alternative to large-bandwidth planar antennas, in applications in which large bandwidth is really needed for operating at two separate transmit-receive bands. When the two operating frequencies are far apart, a dual-frequency patch structure can be conceived to avoid the use of separate antennas. In this paper, a critical overview of possible solutions for dual-frequency patch antennas is presented, and future perspectives are outlined. Geometries are discussed in particular.
467Â citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a planar dual-band inverted-F antenna for cellular handsets, which operates at the 0.9-GHz and 1.8-GHz bands.
Abstract: Cellular telephone handsets are now being designed to have dual-mode capabilities. In particular, there is a requirement for internal antennas for GSM and DCS1800 systems. This paper describes a novel planar dual-band inverted-F antenna for cellular handsets, which operates at the 0.9-GHz and 1.8-GHz bands. The dual-band antenna has almost the same size as a conventional inverted-F antenna operating at 0.9 GHz and has an isolation between bands of better than 17 dB. The bandwidths of the antenna are close to those required for the above systems. Good dual-band action is also obtained for other frequency ratios in the range of 1.3-2.4. Studies also show that the dual-band antenna can operate with one or two feeds. A finite-difference time-domain analysis has been shown to give calculated results close to those measured.
447Â citations
"Compact and Broadband Microstrip An..." refers background in this paper
...Other interesting PIFA designs for dual-band operation have been discussed [37, 38]....
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TL;DR: Active integrated antenna (AIA) technologies have been extensively studied in the past decade or so as discussed by the authors, with a brief introduction on the definition and some historical remarks on the research effort on the past decades or so.
Abstract: This paper provide a review of the active integrated antenna (AIA) technologies. After a brief introduction on the definition and some historical remarks, the paper concentrates on the research effort on the past decades or so. The AlAs are reviewed in its various functions. First, an oscillator-type AIA is presented, followed by very interesting aspects of coupled oscillator arrays for phase control. Use of an AIA concept for efficient RF front ends is described with examples on high-power amplifier AlAs. Next, a phase-conjugation-based retrodirective array is reviewed. Finally, AIA systems for receiving, transmitting, and duplexing are reviewed.
436Â citations
01 Oct 1997
TL;DR: In this paper, the U-slot patch on a foam substrate of about 0.08/spl lambda/thick was designed to attain 20-30% impedance as well as gain bandwidth.
Abstract: Experimental and simulation results are presented on the coaxially fed rectangular patch antenna with a U-shaped slot. Experimental results include impedance bandwidth, copolar- and crosspolar-pattern characteristics and gain measurements. Simulation results are obtained mainly through the development of a FDTD code. It is found that the U-slot patch on a foam substrate of about 0.08/spl lambda/ thick can be designed to attain 20-30% impedance as well as gain bandwidths without the need of parasitic patches on another layer or on the same layer. The far-field patterns have good copolar and crosspolar characteristics. By altering the patch width or feed position, the wideband characteristic can be changed into a dual-frequency characteristic. Simulation results are in good agreement with measurements.
413Â citations