Journal Article•
Comparative phytochemical screening and antimicrobial efficacy studies on two endemic species - Jatropha maheshwarii Subr. & Nayar and Jatropha villosa Wight.
01 Nov 2014-Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry (AkiNik Publications)-Vol. 3, Iss: 4, pp 213-219
TL;DR: It is authenticated that the plants revealed the presence of valuable phytochemicals and exhibited good antimicrobial activity, which supports its folkloric use and thus provides clue for its successful utility as a medicine.
Abstract: Jatropha maheshwarii Subr. & Nayar and Jatropha villosa Wight,belonging to the spurge family, are highly endemic species showing a narrow range of distribution. Traditionally the plants bear more folkloric usages as utilized by the rural communities. However, these species remains unexplored and underutilized. With this view in mind, the present investigation aims to evaluate the phytochemical constituents as well as comparative antimicrobial properties of both the species against various human bacterial and fungal pathogens. Antimicrobial efficacy was performed by disc diffusion method against the bacterial pathogens viz., Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonia and Enterococcus faecalis incubated for 24 hrs at 37 °C as well as the isolates of fungal pathogens Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis, Candida cruzi and Aspergillus niger. All the extracts of the plant viz., acetone, distilled water, methanol, chloroform, petroleum ether and benzene, studied in the present investigation exhibited varying degree of inhibitory effect against the selected human pathogens. It is authenticated that the plants revealed the presence of valuable phytochemicals and exhibited good antimicrobial activity, which supports its folkloric use and thus provides clue for its successful utility as a medicine.
Citations
More filters
01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: Ethyl alcohol, benzene, chloroform, hexane, acetone and distilled water extracts of the rhizome and fruit pulp extracts of Jatropha maheshwarii Subr.
Abstract: Rhizome, fruits and seeds of plants constitute a major role in traditional medicine by encompassing therapeutically valuable phytochemicals. Here, the medicinal importance and bioefficacy status of rhizome and fruit pulp extracts of Jatropha maheshwarii Subr. & Nayar against selected human pathogenic microbes were examined. Ethyl alcohol, benzene, chloroform, hexane, acetone and distilled water extracts of the rhizome and fruit pulp samples were screened against selected bacterial strains viz. Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherischia coli and Enterobacter aerogenes as well as fungal strains viz. Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans using agar well diffusion method.
1 citations
Cites background from "Comparative phytochemical screening..."
...This plant is commonly called as ‘Athalai’[2], ‘Vel-athalai’[3], and ‘Kattamannaku’[4] in Tamil....
[...]
...Similarly the effect of crude extracts against selected bacterial and fungal pathogens were also reported [3]....
[...]
...maheshwarii [3], where acetone extract is reported to possess more activity and chloroform extract with no activity....
[...]
...The leaf extract is reported to treat inflammations and possess anti-inflammatory activity [3]....
[...]
...[3] C....
[...]
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared Jatropha oil with diesel on a Diesel engine, on different parameters such as CO emission, break thermal efficiency, break specific fuel consumption, smoke density and hydrocarbon emission.
Abstract: Our world is getting industrialized and modernized with each passing day which is increasing the vehicles and engines in our daily life and solution is not to reduce them but to use them in a smarter way. However we are having limited resources for petro-fuels. Therefore it is a high time to search for new alternatives in place of petro-fuels. Our research is based on finding such an alternative fuel in the form of Jatropha Oil which is easily available on the earth especially in India. We have compared Jatropha oil with Diesel on a Diesel engine, on different parameters such as CO emission, break thermal efficiency, break specific fuel consumption, smoke density and hydrocarbon emission. We have observed that Jatropha oil is either close to diesel or sometimes performing better than diesel and can be used an alternative to Diesel.
Cites methods from "Comparative phytochemical screening..."
...We can process Jatropha oil for production of a high quality bio-diesel fuel which can be used in any standard diesel engine [10]....
[...]
References
More filters
TL;DR: The significance of the plants in traditional medicine and the importance of the distribution of these chemical constituents were discussed with respect to the role of these plants in ethnomedicine in Nigeria.
Abstract: Alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroid, terpenoid, flavonoids, phlobatannin and cardic glycoside distribution in ten medicinal plants belonging to different families were assessed and compared. The medicinal plants investigated were Cleome nutidosperma, Emilia coccinea, Euphorbia heterophylla, Physalis angulata, Richardia bransitensis, Scopania dulcis, Sida acuta, Spigelia anthelmia, Stachytarpheta cayennensis and Tridax procumbens. All the plants were found to contain alkaloids, tannins and flavonoids except for the absence of tannins in S. acuta and flavonoids in S. cayennsis respectively. The significance of the plants in traditional medicine and the importance of the distribution of these chemical constituents were discussed with respect to the role of these plants in ethnomedicine in Nigeria.
2,349 citations
"Comparative phytochemical screening..." refers methods in this paper
...Presence of saponin was determined by the method suggested by [12, 13] and phenol by Folin Ciocalteu Reagent Method....
[...]
TL;DR: Results from prothrombin timing showed that A. afriana was the most efficacious haemostatic plant followed by L. owariensis, and L. curcas the least.
Abstract: Leaves of Ageratum conyzoides (L), Alchornea cordifolia (Schym and Thonn) Muel. Arg, Aspilia africana (Pers.) C. D. Adams, Baphia nitida (Lodd), Chromolaena odorata (L) K. R., Landophia owariensis (P. Beauv) and sap of Jatropha curcas (L) used traditionally to arrest bleeding in fresh cuts were comparatively investigated phytochemically and their ability to precipitate and coagulate blood plasma. Saponins and tannins were the most abundant compounds in these plants while flavoids were the least. Crude aqueous extracts of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins and saponins from these plants precipitated and coagulated blood plasma within time limits of 4 to 120 seconds (for precipitation) and 15 to 1500 seconds (for coagulation). Results from prothrombin timing showed that A. afriana was the most efficacious haemostatic plant followed by L. owariensis, and L. curcas the least. Some similarities in their chemical composition established a scientific basis for common usage in traditional medicine.
Key words: Phytochemical, crude extracts, haemostatic plants.
(Global Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences: 2002 8(2): 203-208)
976 citations
"Comparative phytochemical screening..." refers methods in this paper
...Presence of saponin was determined by the method suggested by [12, 13] and phenol by Folin Ciocalteu Reagent Method....
[...]
TL;DR: The ability of the crude stem extracts of J. curcas to inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi is an indication of its broad spectrum antimicrobial potential which may be employed in the management of microbial infections.
Abstract: The in vitro antimicrobial activity of crude ethanolic, methanolic and water extracts of the stem bark of Jatropha curcas were investigated. The extracts exhibited antimicrobial activities with zones of inhibition ranging from 5 to 12, 8 to 20 and 0 to 8 mm for ethanol, methanol and water extracts respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the ethanol extract was between 0.5 and 6.25 mgml -1 while that of methanol extract ranged from 0.5 to 10 mgml -1. The minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for ethanol extract ranged between 2.0 and 12.50 mgml -1 , while that of methanol ranged from 2.0 to 20 mgml -1 . Again all the extracts exhibited appreciable activity against all the fungal species investigated. The zones of inhibition exhibited by the extracts against the test fungal species ranged between 15 and 18, 15 and 20 and 5 and 10 mm for ethanol, methanol and water extracts respectively. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saponin, steroids, tannin, glycosides, alkaloids and flavonoids in the extracts. The ability of the crude stem extracts of J. curcas to inhibit the growth of bacteria and fungi is an indication of its broad spectrum antimicrobial potential which may be employed in the management of microbial infections.
347 citations
TL;DR: By using a suitable heating time, approximately equal colour yields can be obtained from glucose and fructose using the anthrone reagent and the colour yield is more than doubled in the presence of hydrochloric and formic acids.
236 citations
Additional excerpts
...Carbohydrates are estimated by Anthrone method [9]....
[...]
Book•
01 Jun 1995
108 citations
"Comparative phytochemical screening..." refers background in this paper
...Stamens 8, basally connate, capsule 3 cm long [6, 7]....
[...]