Comparative studies on thermal and laser sintering for highly conductive Cu films printable on plastic substrate
TL;DR: In this paper, a compound-based Cu paste was synthesized to prepare electrically conductive films on plastic substrate and the Cu pastes screen-printed onto polyimide were annealed inside a furnace and also by an ultraviolet laser beam and the effects of annealing conditions on the microstructures and electrical properties were investigated.
About: This article is published in Thin Solid Films.The article was published on 2012-01-31. It has received 61 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Selective laser sintering & Sintering.
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TL;DR: This review describes recent developments in the field of conductive nanomaterials and their application in 2D and 3D printed flexible electronics, with particular emphasis on inks based on metal nanoparticles and nanowires, carbon nanotubes, and graphene sheets.
Abstract: This review describes recent developments in the field of conductive nanomaterials and their application in 2D and 3D printed flexible electronics, with particular emphasis on inks based on metal nanoparticles and nanowires, carbon nanotubes, and graphene sheets. We present the basic properties of these nanomaterials, their stabilization in dispersions, formulation of conductive inks and formation of conductive patterns on flexible substrates (polymers, paper, textile) by using various printing technologies and post-printing processes. Applications of conductive nanomaterials for fabrication of various 2D and 3D electronic devices are also briefly discussed.
285 citations
195 citations
TL;DR: From this study, it was found that the flash-light sintered Cu nanoink films have a conductivity of 72 Ωm/sq without any damage to the polyimide substrate.
Abstract: In this work, a flash-light sintering process for Cu nanoinks was studied In order to precisely monitor the milliseconds flash-light sintering process, a real-time Wheatstone bridge electrical circuit and a high-rate data acquisition system were used The effects of several flash-light irradiation conditions (irradiation energy, pulse number, on-time, and off-time) and the effects of the amount of poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) in the Cu nanoink on the flash-light sintering process were investigated The microstructures of the sintered Cu films were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy To investigate the oxidation or reduction of the oxide-covered copper nanoparticles, a crystal phase analysis using x-ray diffraction was performed In addition, the sheet resistance of Cu film was measured using a four-point probe method From this study, it was found that the flash-light sintered Cu nanoink films have a conductivity of 72 Ωm/sq without any damage to the polyimide substrate Similar nanoinks are expected to be widely used in printed and flexible electronics products in the near future
136 citations
TL;DR: These results were obtained by the densification and enhanced mechanical flexibility of flash light-sintered Cu NW/NP network, which resulted in prevention of crack initiation and propagation.
Abstract: In this work, copper nanowires (NWs) and Cu nanoparticles (NPs) were employed to increase the reliability of a printed electrode pattern under mechanical bending fatigue. The fabricated Cu NW/NP inks with different weight fractions of Cu NWs were printed on a polyimide substrate and flash light-sintered within a few milliseconds at room temperature under ambient conditions. Then, 1000 cycles of outer and inner bending fatigue tests were performed using a lab-made fatigue tester. The flash light-sintered Cu NW/NP ink film with 5 wt % Cu NWs prepared under the flash light-sintering conditions (12.5 J·cm–2 irradiation energy, 10 ms pulse duration, and one pulse) showed a lower resistivity (22.77 μΩ·cm) than those of the only Cu NPs and Cu NWs ink (94.01 μΩ·cm and 104.15 μΩ·cm, respectively). In addition, the resistance change (ΔR·R0–1) of the 5 wt % Cu NWs Cu NW/NP film was greatly enhanced to 4.19 compared to the 92.75 of the Cu NPs film obtained under mechanical fatigue conditions over 1000 cycles and an o...
122 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, an electrically conductive copper film was prepared by thermal decomposition in a nitrogen atmosphere using complexes of copper formate and various amines, including octylamine and dibutylamine.
72 citations
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TL;DR: It is shown that the use of substrate surface energy patterning to direct the flow of water-based conducting polymer inkjet droplets enables high-resolution definition of practical channel lengths of 5 micrometers, and high mobilities were achieved.
Abstract: Direct printing of functional electronic materials may provide a new route to low-cost fabrication of integrated circuits. However, to be useful it must allow continuous manufacturing of all circuit components by successive solution deposition and printing steps in the same environment. We demonstrate direct inkjet printing of complete transistor circuits, including via-hole interconnections based on solution-processed polymer conductors, insulators, and self-organizing semiconductors. We show that the use of substrate surface energy patterning to direct the flow of water-based conducting polymer inkjet droplets enables high-resolution definition of practical channel lengths of 5 micrometers. High mobilities of 0.02 square centimeters per volt second and on-off current switching ratios of 10 5 were achieved.
3,190 citations
TL;DR: Inkjet printing has been used as a free-form fabrication method for building three-dimensional parts and is being explored as a way of printing electrical and optical devices, especially where these involve organic components.
Abstract: Inkjet printing is familiar as a method of printing text and images onto porous surfaces. In the last few years it has been used as a free-form fabrication method for building three-dimensional parts and is being explored as a way of printing electrical and optical devices, especially where these involve organic components. Inkjet printers are also being used to produce arrays of proteins and nucleic acids. The need for a versatile inkjet technology for free-forming materials and for multilayer devices raises a number of materials problems that do not apply to conventional printing of images. Higher resolutions will be needed if organic transistors are to be printed. Also, it must be possible to print pinhole-free layers to avoid shorting of devices. Multiple layers must be printed such that they mix and react to form a single material or such that they form discrete unmixed layers. Printing on dense rather than porous substrates will be the norm. This article reviews the range of materials that has been ...
1,774 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a method for direct writing of metal features from a metal film supported on an optically transparent substrate using a single pulse from a high energy excimer laser (193 nm) is presented.
Abstract: A method for the direct writing of metal features from a metal film supported on an optically transparent substrate using a single pulse from a high‐energy excimer laser (193 nm) is presented. The technique eliminates the need for gas‐phase precursors in many cases and is an inherently clean process. Results of copper depositions onto silicon substrates are shown to exemplify the technique and a mechanism for the process is proposed.
622 citations
TL;DR: A solution of cadmium selenide nanocrystals was used to print inorganic thin-film transistors with field effect mobilities up to 1 square centimeter per volt second, which suggests a route to inexpensive, all-printed, high-quality inorganic logic on plastic substrates.
Abstract: A solution of cadmium selenide nanocrystals was used to print inorganic thin-film transistors with field effect mobilities up to 1 square centimeter per volt second. This mobility is an order of magnitude larger than those reported for printed organic transistors. A field effect was achieved by developing a synthesis that yielded discretely sized nanocrystals less than 2 nanometers in size, which were free of intimately bound organic capping groups. The resulting nanocrystal solution exhibited low-temperature grain growth, which formed single crystal areas encompassing hundreds of nanocrystals. This process suggests a route to inexpensive, all-printed, high-quality inorganic logic on plastic substrates.
520 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a conductive ink containing copper nanoparticles was used for direct patterning conductive metal lines, which exhibited metal-like appearance and became highly conductive upon heat treatments.
504 citations