Comparative study on yield and chemical composition of maize ( Zea mays L.) and sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor Moench) using different levels of manure application
TL;DR: Although, DMY of both sorghum and maize were not significantly affected by manure levels in 2001, they increased with the level of manure in 2002, and the higher manure application might have greater effects on sorghums and maize production because of higher DMY in the second year without any increase in fiber fraction.
Abstract: The effects of three levels of manure application (0, 4 and 8 ton/10 a) with basic fertilizer (N : P : K = 10:10:10 kg/10 a) on the yield and chemical composition of maize (Pioneer 32K61) and sorghum (FS501) forages were examined in 2 successive years, 2001-2002 Maize was harvested at yellow ripe stage, while sorghum at dough stage Dry matter yield (DMY) of sorghum was significantly higher than that of maize in both 2001 and 2002 Although, DMY of both sorghum and maize were not significantly affected by manure levels in 2001, they increased with the level of manure in 2002 Maize had higher levels of crude protein (CP) and lower crude fiber concentration than those of sorghum in both 2001 and 2002 Manure application had no effect on chemical compositions of both maize and sorghum except for CP in both years and organic a fraction (Oa) concentration in 2002 The higher manure application might have greater effects on sorghum and maize production because of higher DMY in the second year without any increase in fiber fraction
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TL;DR: In this article, a two-year study was carried out to evaluate the impact of row spacing and cultivar on biomass yield, chemical composition and biogas yield, which was designed as RCBD under split plot arrangement with two factors: row spacing in main plot and cultivars in sub plots with four replications.
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01 Jan 2013
TL;DR: In this paper, the use of farmyard manure to improve soil productivity is a key element in mixed crop/livestock farming systems, and the results showed that faecal manure derived from the browse/maize silages had higher total N and ADFN content and narrower C:N ratios compared to the faecale manure from maize silage alone.
Abstract: The use of farmyard manure to improve soil productivity is a key element in mixed crop/livestock farming systems. Browse/maize silage mixtures (20% browse DM basis) of Calliandra, Gliricidia, and Leucaena and maize silage alone and their corresponding cattle faecal manure were applied to the soil to determine their effect on soil productivity. Hopi Red Dye Amaranthus (Amaranthus cruentus) was used as the test crop. Its dry matter (DM) yield, and crude protein and fiber content were determined. The browse/maize silages had higher total N and narrower C:N ratio than that of maize silage alone. Calliandra/maize silage mixture had higher levels of ADFN and lignin. Cattle faecal manure derived from the browse/maize silages had higher total N and ADFN content and narrower C:N ratios compared to the faecal manure from maize silage alone. Application of the browse/maize silages and the corresponding cattle faecal manures raised C, N and C:N of the soil compared to the control soil. The treated soils maintained higher levels of C and N up to the third crop but the C:N ratios were similar with the control soil. Amaranthus DM yield was highest with faecal manure treatments. Treatments with silages had no DM yield advantage over the control soil. Addition of faecal manure from maize silage alone gave highest DM yield followed by feacal manure from Gliricidia/maize and Leucaena/maize silages. Faecal manure from Calliandra/maize silage gave lower yields in spite of having similar levels of N. Much of its N was fiber bound, thus limiting availability of the N for plant growth.
3 citations
Cites background from "Comparative study on yield and chem..."
...Lubis and Kumagai (2007) observed that manure application had no effect on chemical composition of maize and sorghum except for crude protein (CP) and that manure application higher than 8 ton/ha might cause greater DM yield of sorghum and maize without any increase in fiber fraction....
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TL;DR: “Tarzan” can adapt to the humid, hot climate in southern Kyushu, and the optimum sowing rate of this genotype should be as low as 1.0 - 1.5 g·m-2, which is less than one-fifth to one-third that of forage sudangrass grown in the region.
Abstract: Newly released sudangrass-type sorghum cv. “Tarzan” was bred for use as a bioenergy-resource feedstuff in Germany. Since the genotype was collected at a high altitudinal site in the Central Africa continent, its early growth is vigorous at low temperature. As vigorous growth at low temperature is derived from high tillering ability, the sowing rate of this genotype should be reduced from the ordinary rate for sorghum. Thus, in the present study, the optimal sowing rate of cv. “Tarzan” in southern Kyushu was determined by the effect of sowing rate at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 g·m-2, designated as low (L), middle (M), and high (H) levels, respectively, on growth habit compared with the normal sudangrass cultivar “Roll-king II”. Early growth was retarded by heavy precipitation in June, after which the growth was comparable for the two genotypes. Dry matter yield of “Tarzan” increased with higher sowing rate; the H level yield was 1298 g·m-2, and the yield was not adversely affected by the humidity and heat in the summer growing season, compared with “Roll-king II”. This suggests that “Tarzan” can adapt to the humid, hot climate in southern Kyushu, and the optimum sowing rate of “Tarzan” should be as low as 1.0 - 1.5 g·m-2, which is less than one-fifth to one-third that of forage sudangrass grown in the region.
Cites background from "Comparative study on yield and chem..."
...Thus, sorghum is now used for silage and hay production for livestock in warm regions such as western and southern Japan [12]....
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References
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TL;DR: The sensitivity of phenological stages subjected to identical water stress was greatest at the early stage, when a temporary soil water stress reduced the biomass production by up to 30% with respect to the control and WUE was 4.8 g kg’1 (average of three seasons).
111 citations
TL;DR: The brown midrib sorghum used in this experiment supported FCM production similar to the corn and alfalfa silages commonly fed to dairy cows in midlactation, which agreed with in vitro data.
104 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of the ensilage process on yield, composition and in vitro digestibility of three new forage sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) varieties: Silobuster, Supersile 20, and the brown-midrib hybrid BMR-101.
59 citations
TL;DR: The results of this experiment indicate that pearl millet would be less desirable as a crop intended solely for silage production.
56 citations
TL;DR: Cows fed dwarf elephantgrass silage or corn silage, which were higher quality forage sources based on greater rates and extents of fiber digestion, consumed more DM and produced more milk than cows fed sorghum silageor bermudagrass silage.
55 citations