Comparing the Effectiveness of Classroom and Online Learning: Teaching Research Methods
TL;DR: As public administration programs extend their online education offerings to reach more time and place-bound students, and as accredited institutions become interested in documenting teaching and learning, the authors proposes an online education curriculum for public administration.
Abstract: As public administration programs extend their online education offerings to reach more time- and place-bound students, and as accredited institutions become interested in documenting teaching and ...
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TL;DR: In order to maximise the benefits of both face-to-face and online teaching and to improve the efficacy of medical education in the future, it is suggested medical schools resort to teaching formats such as team-based/problem-based learning.
Abstract: Objectives To investigate perceptions of medical students on the role of online teaching in facilitating medical education during the COVID-19 pandemic. Design Cross-sectional, online national survey. Setting Responses collected online from 4th May 2020 to 11th May 2020 across 40 UK medical schools. Participants Medical students across all years from UK-registered medical schools. Main outcome measures The uses, experiences, perceived benefits and barriers of online teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results 2721 medical students across 39 medical schools responded. Medical schools adapted to the pandemic in different ways. The changes included the development of new distance-learning platforms on which content was released, remote delivery of lectures using platforms and the use of question banks and other online active recall resources. A significant difference was found between time spent on online platforms before and during COVID-19, with 7.35% students before versus 23.56% students during the pandemic spending >15 hours per week (p Conclusions Online teaching has enabled the continuation of medical education during these unprecedented times. Moving forward from this pandemic, in order to maximise the benefits of both face-to-face and online teaching and to improve the efficacy of medical education in the future, we suggest medical schools resort to teaching formats such as team-based/problem-based learning. This uses online teaching platforms allowing students to digest information in their own time but also allows students to then constructively discuss this material with peers. It has also been shown to be effective in terms of achieving learning outcomes. Beyond COVID-19, we anticipate further incorporation of online teaching methods within traditional medical education. This may accompany the observed shift in medical practice towards virtual consultations.
476 citations
27 Mar 2017
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an analytical review of the educational innovation field in the USA and propose ways to increase the scale and rate of innovation-based transformations in the education system.
Abstract: Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present an analytical review of the educational innovation field in the USA. It outlines classification of innovations, discusses the hurdles to innovation, and offers ways to increase the scale and rate of innovation-based transformations in the education system.
Design/methodology/approach
The paper is based on a literature survey and author research.
Findings
US education badly needs effective innovations of scale that can help produce the needed high-quality learning outcomes across the system. The primary focus of educational innovations should be on teaching and learning theory and practice, as well as on the learner, parents, community, society, and its culture. Technology applications need a solid theoretical foundation based on purposeful, systemic research, and a sound pedagogy. One of the critical areas of research and innovation can be cost and time efficiency of the learning.
Practical implications
Several practical recommendations stem out of this paper: how to create a base for large-scale innovations and their implementation; how to increase effectiveness of technology innovations in education, particularly online learning; how to raise time and cost efficiency of education.
Social implications
Innovations in education are regarded, along with the education system, within the context of a societal supersystem demonstrating their interrelations and interdependencies at all levels. Raising the quality and scale of innovations in education will positively affect education itself and benefit the whole society.
Originality/value
Originality is in the systemic approach to education and educational innovations, in offering a comprehensive classification of innovations; in exposing the hurdles to innovations, in new arguments about effectiveness of technology applications, and in time efficiency of education.
443 citations
Cites background from "Comparing the Effectiveness of Clas..."
...Yet, despite a number of studies showing that online learning is on a par with traditional, campus-based learning (Ni, 2013; Wrenn, 2016), it is going to take more time and effort to really make online learning deliver outcomes comparable to the traditional classroom-based, face-to-face education....
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the results of the survey conducted at the Ural State University of Economics and Ural Federal University (Yekaterinburg, Russia) on student-focused quality indicators: interaction and collaboration; instructional design and delivery; student assessment; student support services.
159 citations
01 Jun 2015
TL;DR: Results from using PES in the case study revealed that the effectiveness metrics proposed had a moderate negative correlation with some behavioral patterns like recommendation listener or video avoider, so the metrics can help teachers know the relationship of effectiveness with different behavioral patterns.
Abstract: We present a strategy that can be applied for determining the effectiveness in MOOCs.Effectiveness visualizations help teachers make informed decisions.Effectiveness was negatively correlated with different students' behavioral patterns. Present MOOC and SPOC platforms do not provide teachers with precise metrics that represent the effectiveness of students with educational resources and activities. This work proposes and illustrates the application of the Precise Effectiveness Strategy (PES). PES is a generic methodology for defining precise metrics that enable calculation of the effectiveness of students when interacting with educational resources and activities in MOOCs and SPOCs, taking into account the particular aspects of the learning context. PES has been applied in a case study, calculating the effectiveness of students when watching video lectures and solving parametric exercises in four SPOCs deployed in the Khan Academy platform. Different visualizations within and between courses are presented combining the metrics defined following PES. We show how these visualizations can help teachers make quick and informed decisions in our case study, enabling the whole comparison of a large number of students at a glance, and a quick comparison of the four SPOCs divided by videos and exercises. Also, the metrics can help teachers know the relationship of effectiveness with different behavioral patterns. Results from using PES in the case study revealed that the effectiveness metrics proposed had a moderate negative correlation with some behavioral patterns like recommendation listener or video avoider.
113 citations
Cites background from "Comparing the Effectiveness of Clas..."
...The concept of effectiveness applies to face-to-face, blended and online education, but becomes more important in the latter, where teachers cannot easily track learning gains (Swan, 2003; Ni, 2013)....
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TL;DR: Student feedback is analyzed and the findings of a study of the relationships between student satisfaction and their engagement in an online course with their overall performances are reported, raising implications for institutional e-learning policy making to improve student experiences.
Abstract: There has been debates related to online and blended learning from a perspective of learner experiences in terms of student satisfaction, engagement and performances. In this paper, we analyze student feedback and report the findings of a study of the relationships between student satisfaction and their engagement in an online course with their overall performances. The module was offered online to 844 university students in the first year across different disciplines, namely Engineering, Science, Humanities, Management and Agriculture. It was assessed mainly through continuous assessments and was designed using a learning-by-doing pedagogical approach. The focus was on the acquisition of new skills and competencies, and their application in authentic mini projects throughout the module. Student feedback was coded and analyzed for 665 students both from a quantitative and qualitative perspective. The association between satisfaction and engagement was significant and positively correlated. Furthermore, there was a weak but positive significant correlation between satisfaction and engagement with their overall performances. Students were generally satisfied with the learning design philosophy, irrespective of their performance levels. Students, however, reported issues related to lack of tutor support and experiencing technical difficulties across groups. The findings raise implications for institutional e-learning policy making to improve student experiences. The factors that are important relate to the object of such policies, learning design models, student support and counseling, and learning analytics.
112 citations
Cites background from "Comparing the Effectiveness of Clas..."
...These difficulties if not overcome on time, tend to reduce learning effectiveness and motivation, and may also affect their overall satisfaction (Ni 2013)....
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References
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TL;DR: A conceptual framework for understanding the role of computer-mediated interaction based on a sociocultural analysis of the relationship among text, talk, and learning is introduced and current research is analyzed according to five features particular to online interaction.
Abstract: Recently interest has grown concerning the uses of online communication for language teaching Yet this growing interest in computer-mediated collaborative language learning has not been matched by sufficient research and theory This article introduces a conceptual framework for understanding the role of computer-mediated interaction based on a sociocultural analysis of the relationship among text, talk, and learning The article then analyzes current research according to five features particular to online interaction
1,065 citations
Journal Article•
884 citations
"Comparing the Effectiveness of Clas..." refers background or result in this paper
...Carr (2000) reported dropout rates as high as 80% in online classes and suggested a rule of thumb that course completion rates are often 10 to 20% higher in traditional courses....
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...This result is in agreement with findings from previous research results that the online classroom experiences a higher dropout rate as compared to face-to-face classroom (McLaren, 2004; Carr, 2000)....
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TL;DR: Online learners who have stronger sense of community and perceive greater cognitive learning should feel less isolated and have greater satisfaction with their academic programs, possibly resulting in fewer dropouts.
Abstract: The primary purpose of this study was to determine if a relationship exists between sense of community and cognitive learning in an online educational environment. Study participants consisted of 314 students enrolled in 26 graduate education and leadership courses taught at a distance using the Blackboard.comSM e-learning system. Study results provided evidence that a significant relationship exists between classroom community and perceived cognitive learning. Online learners who have stronger sense of community and perceive greater cognitive learning should feel less isolated and have greater satisfaction with their academic programs, possibly resulting in fewer dropouts.
816 citations
01 Oct 2007
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the first report on the state of online learning among higher education institutions in the fourteen western states, focusing on the nature and extent of online education.
Abstract: All rights reserved. Published 2008 US $29.95 Online Nation: Five Years of Growth in Online Learning – Western Edition represents the first report on the state of online learning among higher education institutions in the fourteen western states. The study is aimed at answering some of the fundamental questions about the nature and extent of online education. Based on responses from nearly 400 colleges and universities, the report addresses the following key questions:
767 citations
"Comparing the Effectiveness of Clas..." refers background in this paper
...…Affairs Education online enrollment rates are expanding at much faster rates than traditional classroom enrollment growth; specifically, in higher education, online enrollments have grown 21%, whereas growth for traditional classroom instruction registers only 2% since 2002 (Allen & Seaman, 2007)....
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...…Research Methods Anna Ya Ni California State University–San Bernardino AbstrAct As public administration programs extend their online education offerings to reach more time- and place-bound students, and as accredited institutions become interested in documenting teaching and learning…...
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