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Journal ArticleDOI

Comparing the effects of CAD/CAM nickel‐titanium lingual retainers on teeth stability and periodontal health with conventional fixed and removable retainers: A randomized clinical trial

01 May 2021-Orthodontics & Craniofacial Research (Wiley)-Vol. 24, Iss: 2, pp 241-250
TL;DR: No statistical significance was found between the CAD/CAM retainer and other retainers regarding the clinical failure rate and the periodontal assessment results of the mandibular anterior teeth between groups did not show clinically significant differences.
Abstract: Objective The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of a CAD/CAM nickel-titanium retainer on the stability of mandibular anterior teeth and periodontal health and to compare it with other retainers. Setting/sample population Sixty participants from both genders who had irregularities prior to orthodontic therapy and who had been treated with full-fixed appliance mechanotherapy were included in the study and randomly allocated into four groups: CAD/CAM NiTi, multi-stranded stainless steel, single-stranded nickel-free titanium and vacuum-formed removable retainer groups. The mean age of the participants at the end of the treatment was approximately 20 years. Materials and methods Digital impressions were taken for all participants at three different times: immediately (T0 ), three months (T1 ) and six months (T2 ) after treatment. Irregularity index, inter-canine and inter-molar width, and arch length were recorded using software. Additionally, a full periodontal assessment was carried out at T2 . Results During the follow-ups, all groups showed some relapse in the lower anterior teeth. No statistical significance was found intergroup in terms of all measured values. Within the multi-stranded group, inter-canine width had decreased by 0.10 mm with a statistical significance (P = .048). An additional statistical significance with P = .045 was found within the single-stranded group regarding the increased arch length. The periodontal assessment results of the mandibular anterior teeth between groups did not show clinically significant differences. Conclusion No statistical significance was found between the CAD/CAM retainer and other retainers regarding the clinical failure rate. Less plaque accumulation and gingival inflammation were observed in the CAD/CAM NiTi retainer group.
Citations
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01 Jan 2004
TL;DR: No clinical factor studied was predictive of crowding relapse in the long term, and associations between this relapse and other clinical factors were also investigated.
Abstract: Treatment stability is one of the most important objectives in orthodontics, but, despite decades of research, it is still agreed that the stability of aligned teeth is variable and largely unpredictable. This study aimed to evaluate the relapse of mandibular anterior crowding in patients treated without mandibular premolar extraction. The sample comprised 40 patients of both sexes with Class I or II malocclusions who received nonextraction treatment in the mandibular arch with edgewise mechanics. Lateral cephalograms and dental casts of each patient were obtained at pretreament, posttreatment, and 5 years postretention. Relapse of mandibular anterior crowding was assessed, and associations between this relapse and other clinical factors were also investigated. Mandibular anterior crowding was measured by the Little irregularity index, and the data were evaluated by the Mann-Whitney test. The mean relapse of mandibular anterior crowding was 1.95 mm (26.54%) over the long term. No clinical factor studied was predictive of crowding relapse in the long term.

63 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss fundamental aspects concerning orthodontic retention, including stability and periodontal outcomes, cost-effectiveness, patient experiences, survival and failure rates of retainers, and the duration of retention.
Abstract: In view of the diversity of orthodontic presentations, a single optimal retention protocol does not exist, with approaches tailored based on pre-treatment characteristics, treatment-induced changes and general patient characteristics. However, orthodontic practitioners should be responsive to the best available evidence to formulate optimal retention protocols in terms of appliance type, design and regimen, in particular. Based on a comprehensive search strategy, we discuss fundamental aspects concerning orthodontic retention of particular interest both to orthodontists and general dentists. These include stability and periodontal outcomes, cost-effectiveness, patient experiences, survival and failure rates of retainers, and the duration of retention.

11 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The mechanical properties of 3D printed retainers show that they can be an alternative to metal retainers and the procedure of making new retainers, especially when patients have aesthetic requirements or allergies to metals.
Abstract: Orthodontic retention is the final important stage of orthodontic treatment, the aim of which is to consolidate the functional and aesthetic position of teeth. Among adults, fixed retainers made of different types of wires are the most common. The aim of this study was to analyse the mechanical properties of a new generation of fixed orthodontic retainers—printed by 3D printers. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted using samples made of Nextdent MFH C&B N1 resin in the form of cuboid bars with nominal dimensions of width b = 3 mm, thickness d = 0.8 mm; 1 mm; 1.2 mm, length l = 30 mm for each type. The influence of the thickness of the retainers on their strength under loaded conditions was evaluated. Flexural strength, elastic properties, deflection, and creep were compared. The samples were aged in an artificial saliva bath at 37 ± 1 °C during the strength tests. Results: It was shown that differences in the thickness of the samples affected their elastic and strength properties. The highest average flexural modulus, the highest deflection, creep, and strength was characteristic of the samples with the highest thickness (1.2 mm). Samples with an average thickness of 1 mm had the lowest modulus of elasticity. Conclusions: The mechanical properties of 3D printed retainers show that they can be an alternative to metal retainers and the procedure of making new retainers, especially when patients have aesthetic requirements or allergies to metals.

8 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A review of the available means of retention can be found in this paper , where the authors present and comment on the available retainer options, including the ever-popular passive Hawley-like removable appliances and reinforced removable retainer.
Abstract: The achievement of aesthetic, functional occlusion should not mark the end of the orthodontic intervention. To prevent relapse, retention needs advance planning, and may vary in duration. This review aims to present and comment on the available means of retention. The ever-popular, passive Hawley-like removable appliances are credible in maintaining the desired occlusion. Modifications are the removable appliance Wrap Around, having the labial archwire extending to the premolars; the translucent retainer, Astics, a unique aesthetic Hawley-type device; and the reinforced removable retainer, which features a metallic grid reinforcing the acrylic base. Vacuum-formed retainers are easy to fabricate and are readily prescribed. By contrast, fixed retainers are made of orthodontic wire and composite resin bonded on the lingual or palatal surfaces of the anterior teeth. Patient-related variables need evaluation to select the appropriate retainer, while patients ought to realize the importance of retention and comply with offered guidance. Overall, the orthodontist is responsible for keeping the patient informed on the properties and the duration of retention, even before starting active orthodontic treatment.

6 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The trial was terminated early due to the high failure rate of upper Memotain® bonded retainers, which had a higher risk of failure in the maxillary arch when compared to upper Ortho-FlexTech™ bonded retainer after six months.
Abstract: Background: Bonded retainers are widely used to maintain the positions of anterior teeth after orthodontic treatment. Various types of bonded retainer exist however, there is a lack of evidence to indicate which type is superior. Aim: To compare upper and lower CAD/CAM nitinol bonded retainers (Memotain®) with upper and lower chairside rectangular-chain bonded retainers (Ortho-FlexTech™), in terms of stability, retainer failures and patient satisfaction. Trial design: Multi-centre, two-arm, parallel-group, randomised controlled clinical trial with 1:1 allocation. Setting: Three trial centres: University Teaching Hospital; District General Hospital; and Specialist Orthodontic Practice. All treatment was provided free as part of a state-funded healthcare system. Materials and methods: A total of 68 patients were randomly allocated to receive either upper and lower Memotain® bonded retainers or upper and lower Ortho-FlexTech™ bonded retainers. Ten trained operators placed and reviewed the bonded retainers. Measurements were carried out on study models taken at debond and after six months. Patient satisfaction questionnaires were completed at six months following debond. Results: The trial was terminated due to the high number of failures (50%) of the upper Memotain® retainers within six months. Memotain® retainers were three times more likely to fail (unadjusted hazard ratio = 2.82, 95% confidence interval = 1.00-7.99) than Ortho-FlexTech™ retainers at six months in the upper arch. Patients were satisfied with both types of retainer. Limitations: Early termination of the trial means that the a priori sample size was not reached, so outcomes should be interpreted with caution. Conclusion: The trial was terminated early due to the high failure rate of upper Memotain® bonded retainers. They had a higher risk of failure in the maxillary arch when compared to upper Ortho-FlexTech™ bonded retainers after six months.

4 citations

References
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Book
15 Dec 2001
TL;DR: Carranza's clinical periodontology is studied in detail in the context of periodontal disease and its role in human evolution.
Abstract: Carranza's clinical periodontology / , Carranza's clinical periodontology / , کتابخانه دیجیتال جندی شاپور اهواز

1,223 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is hoped that this article will aid the reader in understanding the rationale and utility of a simple quantitative tool which could be used in malocclusion assessment.

758 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The patient's pretreatment arch form appeared to be the best guide to future arch form stability, but minimizing treatment change was no guarantee of postretention stability.

220 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The factors reported to play a role in posttreatment crowding are highlighted and the long-term retention studies evaluating the stability of various treatment modalities are reviewed.

214 citations