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Comparison Based Analysis of Different Cryptographic and Encryption Techniques Using Message Authentication Code (MAC) in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)
TL;DR: This research work investigates different cryptographic techniques, and provides efficient techniques for communicating device, by selecting different comparison matrices that satisfies both the security and restricted resources in WSN environment.
Abstract: Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are becoming popular day by day, however one of the main issue in WSN is its limited resources. We have to look to the resources to create Message Authentication Code (MAC) keeping in mind the feasibility of technique used for the sensor network at hand. This research work investigates different cryptographic techniques such as symmetric key cryptography and asymmetric key cryptography. Furthermore, it compares different encryption techniques such as stream cipher (RC4), block cipher (RC2, RC5, RC6 etc) and hashing techniques (MD2, MD4, MD5, SHA, SHA1 etc). The result of our work provides efficient techniques for communicating device, by selecting different comparison matrices i.e. energy consumption, processing time, memory and expenses that satisfies both the security and restricted resources in WSN environment to create MAC.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose the adoption of dynamic countermeasures (which can be integrated within access control policies) changing along time to face variations in the risk level of every resource, bringing two main benefits, namely: (i) a suitable resource protection according to risk level (not under or over estimated) and (ii) an access control system granting/denying access depending on the fulfillment of a set of security controls applicable in an authorization access request.
22 citations
TL;DR: A security solution based on digital watermarking is adopted to achieve the secure communications for wireless sensor networks in smart grid by data and entity authentications at a low cost of operation.
Abstract: As more and more wireless sensor nodes and networks are employed to acquire and transmit the state information of power equipment in smart grid, we are in urgent need of some viable security solutions to ensure secure smart grid communications. Conventional information security solutions, such as encryption/decryption, digital signature and so forth, are not applicable to wireless sensor networks in smart grid any longer, where bulk messages need to be exchanged continuously. The reason is that these cryptographic solutions will account for a large portion of the extremely limited resources on sensor nodes. In this article, a security solution based on digital watermarking is adopted to achieve the secure communications for wireless sensor networks in smart grid by data and entity authentications at a low cost of operation. Our solution consists of a secure framework of digital watermarking, and two digital watermarking algorithms based on alternating electric current and time window, respectively. Both watermarking algorithms are composed of watermark generation, embedding and detection. The simulation experiments are provided to verify the correctness and practicability of our watermarking algorithms. Additionally, a new cloud-based architecture for the information integration of smart grid is proposed on the basis of our security solutions.
17 citations
Cites background from "Comparison Based Analysis of Differ..."
...Compared to the conventional data authentication based on message authentication code (MAC), our security solution of digital watermarking is more suitable for HAN or WSN devices where bulk messages need to continuously exchange, because it has no computational load of encryption/decryption (Rehman et al. 2012)....
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...…conventional data authentication based on message authentication code (MAC), our security solution of digital watermarking is more suitable for HAN or WSN devices where bulk messages need to continuously exchange, because it has no computational load of encryption/decryption (Rehman et al. 2012)....
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TL;DR: Different asymmetric algorithms such as RSA, Diffie-Hellman, DSA, ECC, hybrid and DNA cryptography are compared based on their key size, strength, weakness, attacks and possible countermeasures in the form of table.
Abstract: The Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have spread its roots in almost every application. Owing to their scattered nature of sensor nodes, they are more prone to attacks. There are certain applications e.g. military, where sensor data’s confidentiality requirement during transmission is essential. Cryptography has a vital role for achieving security in WSNs.WSN has resource constraints like memory size, processing speed and energy consumption which bounds the applicability of existing cryptographic algorithms for WSN. Any good security algorithms has higher energy consumption by the nodes, so it’s a need to choose most energy-efficient cryptographic encryption algorithms for WSNs. This paper surveys different asymmetric algorithms such as RSA, Diffie-Hellman, DSA, ECC, hybrid and DNA cryptography. These algorithms are compared based on their key size, strength, weakness, attacks and possible countermeasures in the form of table.
17 citations
Cites background from "Comparison Based Analysis of Differ..."
...energy automation, building administration, gaming, health and other commercial and home applications [1]....
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01 Jan 2015
TL;DR: This paper presents a detailed study of symmetric encryption/decryption algorithms and its advantages and disadvantages.
Abstract: With the advancement of technology internet and various communication techniques that pass through it has grown in prominence each day. However along with this advancement has also grown the threat of hackers and malicious groups. There has been several passive and active attacks making the role of data security pretty important. Most of the time the data passed via internet might contain confidential or personal information which many people would want to be protected against attacks. Various data encryption algorithms has been developed to make sure that the data transmitted via internet is secure from any sort of hacking or attacks.Several cryptographic algorithms also have been developed for encryption and with each one having some advantages and disadvantages. This paper presents a detailed study of symmetric encryption/decryption algorithms and its advantages and disadvantages.
14 citations
References
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28 Sep 2002
TL;DR: An in-depth study of applying wireless sensor networks to real-world habitat monitoring and an instance of the architecture for monitoring seabird nesting environment and behavior is presented.
Abstract: We provide an in-depth study of applying wireless sensor networks to real-world habitat monitoring. A set of system design requirements are developed that cover the hardware design of the nodes, the design of the sensor network, and the capabilities for remote data access and management. A system architecture is proposed to address these requirements for habitat monitoring in general, and an instance of the architecture for monitoring seabird nesting environment and behavior is presented. The currently deployed network consists of 32 nodes on a small island off the coast of Maine streaming useful live data onto the web. The application-driven design exercise serves to identify important areas of further work in data sampling, communications, network retasking, and health monitoring.
4,623 citations
Additional excerpts
...Keywords: MAC, WSN, parameter, cryptographic techniques, stream cipher, block cipher, hashing techniques....
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03 Nov 2004
TL;DR: TinySec is introduced, the first fully-implemented link layer security architecture for wireless sensor networks, and results on a 36 node distributed sensor network application clearly demonstrate that software based link layer protocols are feasible and efficient, adding less than 10% energy, latency, and bandwidth overhead.
Abstract: We introduce TinySec, the first fully-implemented link layer security architecture for wireless sensor networks. In our design, we leverage recent lessons learned from design vulnerabilities in security protocols for other wireless networks such as 802.11b and GSM. Conventional security protocols tend to be conservative in their security guarantees, typically adding 16--32 bytes of overhead. With small memories, weak processors, limited energy, and 30 byte packets, sensor networks cannot afford this luxury. TinySec addresses these extreme resource constraints with careful design; we explore the tradeoffs among different cryptographic primitives and use the inherent sensor network limitations to our advantage when choosing parameters to find a sweet spot for security, packet overhead, and resource requirements. TinySec is portable to a variety of hardware and radio platforms. Our experimental results on a 36 node distributed sensor network application clearly demonstrate that software based link layer protocols are feasible and efficient, adding less than 10% energy, latency, and bandwidth overhead.
1,751 citations
TL;DR: They are susceptible to a variety of attacks, including node capture, physical tampering, and denial of service, while prompting a range of fundamental research challenges.
Abstract: They are susceptible to a variety of attacks, including node capture, physical tampering, and denial of service, while prompting a range of fundamental research challenges.
1,443 citations
TL;DR: The authors' sensor-network application for volcanic data collection relies on triggered event detection and reliable data retrieval to meet bandwidth and data-quality demands.
Abstract: Augmenting heavy and power-hungry data collection equipment with lighten smaller wireless sensor network nodes leads to faster, larger deployments. Arrays comprising dozens of wireless sensor nodes are now possible, allowing scientific studies that aren't feasible with traditional instrumentation. Designing sensor networks to support volcanic studies requires addressing the high data rates and high data fidelity these studies demand. The authors' sensor-network application for volcanic data collection relies on triggered event detection and reliable data retrieval to meet bandwidth and data-quality demands.
1,306 citations
"Comparison Based Analysis of Differ..." refers background in this paper
...nce, supply chain management, fire detection, vision enabling, energy automation, building administration, gaming, health and other commercial and home applications [2], [3], [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], [9], [10], [11], [12], [13], [14], [15]. With the wide deployment of WSN for multi-faceted applications security is becoming a growing concern. For example, in a battlefield, a military communication net...
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TL;DR: This paper surveys the state of art in securing wireless sensor networks, with an emphasis on authentication, key management and distribution, secure routing, and methods for intrusion detection.
Abstract: With sensor networks on the verge of deployment, security issues pertaining to the sensor networks are in the limelight. Though the security in sensor networks share many characteristics with wireless ad hoc networks, the two fields are rapidly diverging due to the fundamental differences between the make-up and goals of the two types of networks. Perhaps the greatest dividing difference is the energy and computational abilities. Sensor nodes are typically smaller, less powerful, and more prone to failure than nodes in an ad hoc network. These differences indicate that protocols that are valid in the context of ad-hoc networks may not be directly applicable for sensor networks. In this paper, we survey the state of art in securing wireless sensor networks. We review several protocols that provide security in sensor networks, with an emphasis on authentication, key management and distribution, secure routing, and methods for intrusion detection. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
879 citations
Additional excerpts
...Keywords: MAC, WSN, parameter, cryptographic techniques, stream cipher, block cipher, hashing techniques....
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