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Journal ArticleDOI

Comparison of effects of dietary saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids on plasma lipids and lipoproteins in man.

01 Feb 1985-Journal of Lipid Research (American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology)-Vol. 26, Iss: 2, pp 194-202
TL;DR: Results of this study show that oleic acid is as effective as linoleic acid in lowering LDL-C levels in normo-triglyceridemic patients, and oleoic acid seemingly reduces HDL-C Levels less frequently than does linolesic acid.
About: This article is published in Journal of Lipid Research.The article was published on 1985-02-01 and is currently open access. It has received 1310 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Unsaturated fat & Oleic acid.
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The polyunsaturated/saturated ratio as a measure of the propensity of the diet to influence the incidence of coronary heart disease should be replaced by indices of atherogenicity and thrombogenicity.

2,723 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The effects of dietary fats on total:HDL cholesterol may differ markedly from their effects on LDL, and the effects of fats on these risk markers should not in themselves be considered to reflect changes in risk but should be confirmed by prospective observational studies or clinical trials.

2,548 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A large number of animal studies have shown an association between serum levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and coronary disease, and the possible protective role of HDL in athero...
Abstract: DESPITE early observations suggesting an inverse relation between serum levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and coronary disease,1 2 3 the possible protective role of HDL in athero...

1,573 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: All fatty acids elevated HDL cholesterol when substituted for carbohydrates, but the effect diminished with increasing unsaturation of the fatty acids, and that for monounsaturates was not.
Abstract: To calculate the effect of changes in carbohydrate and fatty acid intake on serum lipid and lipoprotein levels, we reviewed 27 controlled trials published between 1970 and 1991 that met specific inclusion criteria. These studies yielded 65 data points, which were analyzed by multiple regression analysis using isocaloric exchanges of saturated (sat), monounsaturated (mono), and polyunsaturated (poly) fatty acids versus carbohydrates (carb) as the independent variables. For high density lipoprotein (HDL) we found the following equation: delta HDL cholesterol (mmol/l) = 0.012 x (carb----sat) + 0.009 x (carb----mono) + 0.007 x (carb---- poly) or, in milligrams per deciliter, 0.47 x (carb----sat) + 0.34 x (carb----mono) + 0.28 x (carb----poly). Expressions in parentheses denote the percentage of daily energy intake from carbohydrates that is replaced by saturated, cis-monounsaturated, or polyunsaturated fatty acids. All fatty acids elevated HDL cholesterol when substituted for carbohydrates, but the effect diminished with increasing unsaturation of the fatty acids. For low density lipoprotein (LDL) the equation was delta LDL cholesterol (mmol/l) = 0.033 x (carb----sat) - 0.006 x (carb----mono) - 0.014 x (carb----poly) or, in milligrams per deciliter, 1.28 x (carb----sat) - 0.24 x (carb----mono) - 0.55 x (carb---- poly). The coefficient for polyunsaturates was significantly different from zero, but that for monounsaturates was not. For triglycerides the equation was delta triglycerides (mmol/l) = -0.025 x (carb----sat) - 0.022 x (carb----mono) - 0.028 x (carb---- poly) or, in milligrams per deciliter, -2.22 x (carb----sat) - 1.99 x (carb----mono) - 2.47 x (carb----poly).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

1,454 citations


Cites background from "Comparison of effects of dietary sa..."

  • ...2% of energy.(9) In all trials fatty acids were exchanged for either other fatty acids or carbohydrates....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The effect of trans fatty acids on the serum lipoprotein profile is at least as unfavorable as that of the cholesterol-raising saturated fatty acids, because they not only raise LDL cholesterol levels but also lower HDL cholesterol levels.
Abstract: Background. Fatty acids that contain a trans double bond are consumed in large amounts as hydrogenated oils, but their effects on serum lipoprotein levels are unknown. Methods. We placed 34 women (mean age, 26 years) and 25 men (mean age, 25 years) on three mixed natural diets of identical nutrient composition, except that 10 percent of the daily energy intake was provided as oleic acid (which contains one cis double bond), trans isomers of oleic acid, or saturated fatty acids. The three diets were consumed for three weeks each, in random order. Results. On the oleic acid diet, the mean (±SD) serum values for the entire group for total, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were 4.46+0.66, 2.67±0.54, and 1.42±0.32 mmol per liter (172±26, 103±21, and 55±12 mg per deciliter), respectively. On the trans-fatty-acid diet, the subjects' mean HDL cholesterol level was 0.17 mmol per liter (7 mg per deciliter) lower than the mean value on the diet high in oleic acid...

1,330 citations

References
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Journal Article
TL;DR: Procedures are described for measuring protein in solution or after precipitation with acids or other agents, and for the determination of as little as 0.2 gamma of protein.

289,852 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 May 1970-Lipids
TL;DR: Separation of polar lipids by two-dimensional thin layer chromatography providing resolution of all the lipid classes commonly encountered in animal cells and a sensitive, rapid, reproducible procedure for determination of phospholipids by phosphorus analysis of spots are described.
Abstract: Separation of polar lipids by two-dimensional thin layer chromatography providing resolution of all the lipid classes commonly encountered in animal cells and a sensitive, rapid, reproducible procedure for determination of phospholipids by phosphorus analysis of spots are described. Values obtained for brain and mitochondrial inner membrane phospholipids are presented.

3,175 citations

Journal ArticleDOI

1,880 citations

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1,652 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that minimal levels of serum cholesterol were achieved with oils with an iodine number of about 100, and that more highly unsaturated oils were not more effective, which implies that monounsaturated acids are half as effective as the diene, linoleic acid, the primary polyunsaturated acid in vegetable oils.

1,480 citations