Comparison of single and multiple injection strategies in a butanol diesel dual fuel engine
08 Mar 2018-Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme (American Society of Mechanical Engineers Digital Collection)-Vol. 140, Iss: 7, pp 072206
About: This article is published in Journal of Energy Resources Technology-transactions of The Asme.The article was published on 2018-03-08. It has received 17 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Diesel fuel & Fuel injection.
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TL;DR: In this article, a critical review of the effect of biodiesel's fuel properties on engine performance, emissions, and combustion characteristics in existing diesel engines vis-a-vis conventional diesel has been undertaken.
Abstract: Biodiesel has emerged as a suitable alternative to mineral diesel in compression ignition (CI) engines in order to ensure global energy security and to reduce engine out emissions in near future. Biodiesel derived from various feedstocks available worldwide fits well in the current fuel supply arrangement for transport sector. However, biodiesel as an alternative transportation fuel has been extensively investigated because of differences in its important fuel properties compared with baseline mineral diesel. Since fuel properties greatly influence spray development, combustion, and emission formation in internal combustion (IC) engines, a number of experimental and computational studies on biodiesel usage in CI engines have been performed to determine its brake thermal efficiency (BTE), gaseous emissions, durability, etc., by various researchers using variety of engines and feedstocks. In the present paper, a critical review of the effect of biodiesel's fuel properties on engine performance, emissions, and combustion characteristics in existing diesel engines vis-a-vis conventional diesel has been undertaken. In addition, the progress and advances of numerical modeling involving biodiesel are also reviewed to determine the effect of fuel properties on spray evolution and development of reaction mechanisms for biodiesel combustion simulations. Fuel properties are discussed in two categories: physical and chemical properties, which are key parameters affecting spray and combustion processes. Subsequent sections review spray, combustion, emissions, and performance characteristics of biodiesels under various engine operation conditions. In the last section of this review paper, numerical modeling of biodiesel covering recent numerical models and schemes to understand the behavior of biodiesel combustion and pollutants formation is included. This review paper comprehensively summarizes biodiesel fuel's (BDFs) spray, combustion, and emission characteristics using experimental and numerical approaches. Limitations and scope for future studies are discussed in each section.
41 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of different substitution ratios of neat ethanol (E100) and ethanol-gasoline blend E85 on in-cylinder combustion, engine efficiency, and exhaust emissions, in a dual-fuel diesel engine, using the ethanol-diesel blend (DE95).
Abstract:
This paper investigated the effect of different substitution ratios of neat ethanol (E100) and ethanol–gasoline blend E85 on in-cylinder combustion, engine efficiency, and exhaust emissions, in a dual-fuel diesel engine, using the ethanol–diesel blend (DE95). Experimental studies realized at 1400 rpm, 1600 rpm, and 1800 rpm engine speeds under constant engine load of 50% (20 Nm). For each engine speed, the injection timing of diesel and E95 fuels at 24 °CA bTDC kept constant while low-reactivity fuels (i.e., E100 and E85) substitution ratio changed in the range of 59–83%. The results showed that premixed fuels in different SRs have an impact on shaping engine emissions, ignition delay (ID), in-cylinder pressure, and heat-release rate. Also, at the dual-fuel experimental studies in all engine speeds, NOx about 47–67% decrease compared to single fuel conditions of reference diesel and DE95, and smoke opacity remained unchanged around 0.1 FSN, whereas HC and CO increased in the range of 20–50%. However, E85/DE95 and E100/DE95 dual-fuel combustion achieved lower brake thermal efficiency (BTE) and combustion efficiency compared to single diesel fuel combustion. On the other hand, in dual-fuel combustion conditions, despite the low combustion efficiency, premixed E85 fuel offered higher engine efficiency and lower exhaust emissions than E100.
21 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the effects of diverse post-injection strategies on engine combustion performance and emission reduction in diesel engines have been studied extensively, and the conclusions at the end help researchers and auto manufacturers to achieve design-level insights into the mechanisms of performance improvement and emissions reduction by post injections.
20 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, diesel dual injection is experimentally shown to achieve simultaneous reduction of HC and CO emissions without compromising NOx and PM benefits in a single-cylinder research engine.
15 citations
TL;DR: In this article, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is premixed with air for combustion in a compression ignition engine, along with neat rubber seed oil as the direct injected fuel.
Abstract: In the present work, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is premixed with air for combustion in a compression ignition engine, along with neat rubber seed oil as the direct injected fuel. The LPG is injected directly into the intake manifold using an electronic gas injector. The variation in the LPG flow rate is from zero to the maximum tolerable value. The engine load was varied from no load to full load at regular intervals of 25% of full load. Experimental results indicate a reduction in thermal efficiency at low loads, followed by a small improvement in the thermal efficiency at 75% and 100% loads. Premixing of LPG prolongs the delay in the ignition with a simultaneous decrease in the duration of combustion. With an increase in the LPG flow rate, the maximum in-cylinder pressure increased at high outputs, whereas it decreased at low outputs. The heat release rate shows that the combustion rate increases with LPG induction. Carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) levels reduced at high outputs, whereas at all loads, the oxides of nitrogen (NOx) levels increased. The NOx level at full load increased from 6.9 g/kWh at no LPG induction to 10.36 g/kWh at 47.63% LPG induction. At all loads, the smoke level decreased drastically. The smoke level at full load decreased from 6.1BSU at no LPG induction to 3.9BSU at 47.63% LPG induction.
13 citations
References
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluate a what-if scenario in terms of using butanol as an oxygenate, in place of ethanol, in an engine calibrated for gasoline operation.
Abstract: This study was designed to evaluate a ‘what-if’ scenario in terms of using butanol as an oxygenate, in place of ethanol in an engine calibrated for gasoline operation. No changes to the stock engine calibration were performed for this study. Combustion analysis, efficiency and emissions of pure gasoline, 10% ethanol and 10% butanol blends in a modern, direct-injection four-cylinder, spark ignition engine were analyzed. Data was taken at engine speeds of 1000 RPM up to 4000 RPM with load varying from 0 Nm (idle) to 150 Nm. Relatively minor differences existed between the three fuels for the combustion characteristics such as heat release rate, 50% mass fraction burned, and coefficient of variation of indicated mean effective pressure at low and medium engine loads. However at high engine loads the reduced knock resistance of the butanol blend forced the engine control unit to retard the ignition timing substantially, compared to the gasoline baseline and even more pronounced compared to the ethanol blend. Brake specific volumetric fuel consumption which represented a normalized volumetric fuel flow rate, was lowest for the gasoline baseline fuel, due to the higher energy density. The 10% butanol blend had a lower volumetric fuel consumption compared to the ethanol blend, as expected based on energy density differences. Results showed little difference in regulated emissions between 10% ethanol and 10% butanol. The ethanol blend produced the highest peak specific NOx due to the high octane rating of ethanol and effective anti-knock characteristics. Overall, the ability of butanol to perform equally as well as ethanol from an emissions and combustion standpoint, with a decrease in fuel consumption, initially appears promising. Further experiments are planned to explore the full operating range of the engine and the potential benefits of higher blend ratios of butanol.Copyright © 2008 by UChicago Argonne LLC, Operator of Argonne National Laboratory
230 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a Hydra single-cylinder, spark-ignition, fuel-injection engine was used over a wide range of fuel/air equivalence ratios (φ = 0.8-1.2) at a 30% volume butanol-gasoline blend.
143 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an experimental investigation was conducted on a direct injection (DI) diesel engine with exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), coupled with port fuel injection (PFI) of n-butanol.
113 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effect of fueling a port injection engine with iso-butanol, as compared to gasoline operation, and found that fuel conversion efficiency decreased by up to 9% at full load and by 11% at part load, calculated as relative values.
104 citations
01 Feb 1986
98 citations