Comparison of the bone healing capacity of autogenous bone, demineralized freeze dried bone allograft, and collagen sponge in repairing rabbit cranial defects
01 Aug 2012-Journal of The Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (The Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons)-Vol. 38, Iss: 4, pp 221-230
TL;DR: It is suggested that autogenous bone, SureOss and Teruplug have the ability to induce bone regeneration as compared to an untreated control group.
Abstract: Objectives: This study sought to evaluate the efficacy of collagen graft materials, as compared to other graft materials, for use in healing calvarial defects in rabbits. Materials and Methods: Ten mm diameter calvarial defects were made in ten rabbits. The rabbits were then divided into 4 groups: control, autogenous bone graft, SureOss graft, and Teruplug graft. Bone regeneration was evaluated using histological and radiographic methods. Results: Based on visual examination, no distinct healing profile was observed. At 4 weeks after treatment, histological analysis showed there was no bone regeneration in the control group; however, at 8 weeks after treatment, new bone formation was observed around the margin of the defective sites. In the autogenous bone graft group, new bone formation was observed at 4 weeks after treatment and mature bone was detected around the grafted bone after 8 weeks. In the SureOss graft group, at 4 weeks after treatment, acute inflammatory and multinuclear cells were noted around the grafted materials; at 8 weeks after treatment, a decrease in graft materials coupled with new bone formation were observed at the defective sites. In the Teruplug graft group, new bone formation was detected surrounding the bone margin and without signs of inflammation. There were statistically significant differences observed between the graft and control group in terms of bone density as evidenced by radiographic analysis using computed tomography (P Conclusion: These results suggested that autogenous bone, SureOss and Teruplug have the ability to induce bone regeneration as compared to an untreated control group. The osteogenic potential of Teruplug was observed to be lower than that of autogenous bone, but similar to that of SureOss.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the dependence of the intensity ratio on the demineralization time was studied for the Raman peaks at 950-962 (PO4)3− and 1665 cm−1 (amide I).
Abstract: This paper presents the results of experimental studies of samples of human cortical and spongy bone tissue by means of Raman scattering as a function of the degree of demineralization. Raman spectra are obtained for samples of human cortical and spongy bone tissue as a function of the degree of demineralization. The dependence of the intensity ratio on the demineralization time, which characterizes the degree of demineralization, is studied for the Raman peaks at 950–962 (PO4)3− and 1665 cm−1 (amide I).
15 citations
TL;DR: Osteoblasts before full maturation are most efficient for bone regeneration, and the pre-culture period suitable for cells to be loaded onto a β-TCP/RCP hybrid scaffold is approximately 7 days.
7 citations
Cites background from "Comparison of the bone healing capa..."
...Collagen sponges are also used, while its low osteoinductive ability and low mechanical strength of the material make it difficult to use it at the load-bearing site [10,11]....
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TL;DR: Tearable and fillable implants that can generate heat and release a drug in response to an exogenous trigger, such as an alternating magnetic field (AMF), can facilitate on-demand combined thermal treatment and chemotherapy via remote operation.
Abstract: Tearable and fillable implants are used to facilitate surgery. The use of implants that can generate heat and release a drug in response to an exogenous trigger, such as an alternating magnetic field (AMF), can facilitate on-demand combined thermal treatment and chemotherapy via remote operation. In this study, we fabricated tearable sponges composed of collagen, magnetite nanoparticles, and anticancer drugs. Crosslinking of the sponges by heating for 6 h completely suppressed undesirable drug release in saline at 37 °C but allowed drug release at 45 °C. The sponges generated heat immediately after AMF application and raised the cell culture medium temperature from 37 to 45 °C within 15 min. Heat generation was controlled by switching the AMF on and off. Furthermore, in response to heat generation, drug release from the sponges could be induced and moderated. Thus, remote-controlled heat generation and drug release were achieved by switching the AMF on and off. The sponges destroyed tumor cells when AMF was applied for 15 min but not when AMF was absent. The tearing and filling properties of the sponges may be useful for the surgical repair of bone and tissue defects. Moreover, these sponges, along with AMF application, can facilitate combined thermal therapy and chemotherapy.
4 citations
Cites background from "Comparison of the bone healing capa..."
...For example, Teruplug® is filled into tooth extraction wounds for hemostasis, the protection of the wound surface, and the promotion of tissue formation [50]....
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3 citations
References
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TL;DR: Differentiation of the osteoprogenitor cell is elicited by local alterations in cell metabolic cycles that are as yet uncharacterized and may transfer collagenolytic activity to the substrate to cause dissolution of the matrix.
Abstract: Wandering histiocytes, foreign body giant cells, and inflammatory connective-tissue cells are stimulated by degradation products of dead matrix to grow in and repopulate the area of an implant of decalcified bone. Histiocytes are more numerous than any other cell form and may transfer collagenolytic activity to the substrate to cause dissolution of the matrix. The process is followed immediately by new-bone formation by autoinduction in which both the inductor cells and the induced cells are derived from ingrowing cells of the host bed. The inductor cell is a descendant of a wandering histiocyte; the induced cell is a fixed histiocyte or perivascular young connective-tissue cell. Differentiation of the osteoprogenitor cell is elicited by local alterations in cell metabolic cycles that are as yet uncharacterized.
5,083 citations
TL;DR: Results from this study suggested that this improved technique offers a predictable alveolar ridge maintenance enhancing the bone quality for dental implant procedures and esthetic restorative dentistry.
Abstract: Ten patients who required two or more anterior teeth extractions were utilized in this study. Extraction procedures were carried out with a full thickness surgical flap approach. After flap reflection, teeth were removed with a minimum of trauma to the surrounding bone. Following extraction silicone-based impression techniques were used to produce a model of the alveolar process and small metal pins were placed in the alveolus to be used as fixed points to make measurements of ridge dimensions. One socket was covered with an expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) barrier membrane (experimental site); the other socket was a conventional control. The soft tissue flaps were then mobilized using periosteal releasing incision and the wound closed with ePTFE mattress sutures. Six months following extraction, patients were treated with flap surgery to expose both extraction sites to remove the ePTFE membranes and to measure ridge dimensions using the pins as fixed points. Clinical and model measurements have s...
480 citations
TL;DR: Results indicate that in nongrafted defects, a long junctional epithelium formed along the entire length of exposed root surfaces and often extended apical to the calculus reference notch, and there was a greater chance for regeneration of a new attachment apparatus and component tissues in grafted defects than in nongsubmerged defects.
Abstract: There is still controversy as to the role of bone grafting materials in the formation of a new attachment apparatus and component tissues (bone, cementum, and periodontal ligament). The purpose of this study was to compare the healing of intrabony defects with and without the placement of decalcified freeze-dried bone allograft (DFDBA) in a nonsubmerged environment in humans. The most apical level of calculus on the root served as a histologic reference point to delineate root surfaces exposed to the oral environment and to measure new attachment apparatus and new component tissue formation. Free gingival grafts were placed over grafted and nongrafted defects to retard epithelial migration. Biopsies were obtained at 6 months and regeneration was evaluated histometrically. Data from 12 patients with 32 grafted and 25 nongrafted defects were submitted for statistical analysis. Results indicate that in nongrafted defects, a long junctional epithelium formed along the entire length of exposed root surfaces and often extended apical to the calculus reference notch. Free gingival grafts did not enhance regeneration of a new attachment apparatus, new cementum, new connective tissue, or new bone in nongrafted defects. The formation of a new attachment apparatus was observed when intrabony defects were grafted with DFDBA (x1.21 mm); significantly more new attachment apparatus (P less than .005), new cementum (P less than .005), new connective tissue (P less than .05), and new bone (P less than .0001) formed in intrabony defects grafted with DFDBA than in nongrafted defects. There was a greater chance for regeneration of a new attachment apparatus and component tissues in grafted defects than in nongrafted defects. New cellular cementum formed on old cementum and dentin but more often formed over both in the same defect). The periodontal ligament was more frequently oriented perpendicular to the root; there was greater loss in alveolar crest height in nongrafted than grafted defects (P less than .05); and extensive root resorption, ankylosis, and pulp death were not observed in grafted or nongrafted defects.
391 citations
TL;DR: There are three classes of bone-grafting materials based upon the mode of action: autogenous bone, allografts, and alloplastic materials, which have different properties and therefore indications.
Abstract: There are three classes of bone-grafting materials based upon the mode of action. Autogenous bone is an organic material and forms bone by osteogenesis, osteoinduction, and osteoconduction. Allografts such as demineralized freeze-dried bone are osteoinductive and osteoconductive and may be cortical and/or trabecular in nature. Alloplasts such as hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate may be synthetic or natural, vary in size, and are only osteoconductive. They can be divided into three types based upon the porosity of the product and include dense, macroporous, and microporous materials. In addition, alloplastic materials may be crystalline or amorphous. These materials have different properties and therefore indications. The use of the three classes of materials in diverse combinations depends upon the size and topography of the bony defect. Small defects or defects with four walls of host bone can be repaired with alloplasts alone or allografts in combination with alloplasts. The loss of three or more bony walls mandates the addition of autogenous bone to the graft or the use of a small pore membrane. The larger the defect, the more autogenous bone is required. The different indications of bone substitutes are discussed as to their specific applications in implant dentistry.
331 citations
"Comparison of the bone healing capa..." refers background in this paper
...(2) Autogenous cranium graft group The autogenous cranium grafted on the bone defect site was found to be intact without findings of bone absorption were sacrificed from each group, and four bone defect sites were extracted and fixed in 10% formalin solution after the cranium defect sites were exposed carefully without damaging them....
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...(2) Autogenous cranium graft group Matured new bones were found more around the graft bone compared to the 4th week; osteoblasts surrounded the new bone densely....
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TL;DR: Bone grafts are indicated in the reatment of fractures and non-unions, after bone loss due to tumour or infection, and in reconstructive procedures such as fusions or joint replacements.
245 citations