Comprehensive Review of Distributed FACTS Control Algorithms for Power Quality Enhancement in Utility Grid With Renewable Energy Penetration
TL;DR: A comprehensive review of various conventional and adaptive algorithms used to control DFACTS devices for improvement of power quality in utility grids with RE penetration is presented.
Abstract: Rapid industrialization and its automation on the globe demands increased generation of electrical energy with more reliability and quality. Renewable energy (RE) sources are considered as a green form of energy and extensively used as an alternative source of energy for conventional energy sources to meet the increased demand for electrical power. However, these sources, when integrated to the utility grid, pose challenges in maintaining the power quality (PQ) and stability of the power system network. This is due to the unpredictable and variable nature of generation by these sources. The distributed flexible AC transmission system (DFACTS) devices such as distributed static compensator (DSTATCOM) and dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) play an active role in mitigating PQ issues associated with RE penetration. The performance of DFACTS devices is mostly dependent on the type of control algorithms employed for switching of these devices. This paper presents a comprehensive review of various conventional and adaptive algorithms used to control DFACTS devices for improvement of power quality in utility grids with RE penetration. This review intends to provide a summary of the design, experimental hardware, performance and feasibility aspects of these algorithms reported in the literature. More than 170 research publications are critically reviewed, classified, and listed for quick reference for the advantage of engineers and academician working in this area.
Citations
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DOI•
TL;DR: In this article , an improved cascaded second-order generalized integrator (I-CSOGI) controlled photovoltaic system (PVS), which functions as an islanded system during grid interruption without energy storage, is presented.
Abstract: This work presents an improved cascaded second-order generalized integrator (I-CSOGI) controlled photovoltaic system (PVS), which functions as an islanded system during grid interruption without energy storage. Here, a single-stage PVS structure is used, simplifying the control by automatically regulating the PV array operating point and dc-link voltage during the grid outage. The I-CDSOGI algorithm is exercised to determine the sensed voltages angle, frequency, and harmonics free positive sequence components of the sensed voltages and load currents. The advantage of the presented I-CDSOGI over the existing CDSOGI algorithm is that the gain of its frequency-locked loop is changed adaptively. It reduces the spurious change in the frequency during the sudden phase jump, which is experienced by the load voltages during synchronization. Hence, the repeated tripping of the power electronics switches, which isolates the PVS from the local grid, is reduced, and smooth synchronization is achieved. Furthermore, the cascading of two second order generalized integrator (SOGI) blocks eliminates the dc offset from the sensed signals and boosts the overall harmonics rejection capability, which enhances the angle and frequency estimation performance. A comparison is made to showcase the benefits of I-CSOGI compared with the existing SOGI-based methods in the PVS.
6 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed an objective function to design and control SSSC devices by considering various technical and economical indices, including the transmission line losses, the dynamic stability span, and the cost of SSC device.
Abstract: Improving transmission lines (TL) steady-state stability limit can be achieved by Static Synchronous Series Compensators (SSSC) that work as a converter-based compensator. The modification of the SSSC function to inject both active and reactive power into the TL improves its performance according to different indices. The TL improvement indices include the reduction of TL losses, the enhancement of dynamic stability margin and the improvement of voltage profile along the TL. The economic index is considered a vital factor in the design of SSSC devices installed in TLs. This paper proposes an objective function to design and control SSSC devices by considering various technical and economical indices. The formulation of the objective function requires power flow analysis in the compensated transmission line under different loading conditions and compensation levels. The proposed multi-objective function includes the transmission line losses, the dynamic stability span, and the cost of SSSC device. The Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Self-adaptive Multi-population Elitist Jaya Algorithm (SAMPE-JAYA) are proposed as optimization techniques to obtain the minimized value of the multi-objective function. This paper proposes the installation of two SSSC devices in TL that leads to the improvement of the design and control indexes. The proposed objective function and the optimization techniques are applied for tie-line (400kV, 400km) that connects between two networks.
5 citations
TL;DR: A voltage regulation strategy with thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) equivalent energy storage model considering the minimum-on-off time is proposed to alleviate voltage magnitude and achieves lower network loss and maintains safe voltage levels under random load demand and renewable power injection.
5 citations
TL;DR: This paper introduces an algorithm based on wavelet packet supported fast Kurtogram and decision rules for the identification and classification of complex power quality (PQ) disturbances that can be implemented for the recognition of the complex PQ disturbances.
Abstract: This paper introduces an algorithm based on wavelet packet supported fast kurtogram and decision rules for the identification and classification of complex power quality (PQ) disturbances Features
4 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors proposed a methodology to improve the power quality in the weak grid with wind energy penetration using additional distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM), which is implemented in the conventional synchronous reference frame (SRF) scheme to minimize the oscillations in the voltage signals.
Abstract: Wind energy (WE) is emerging as a green and clean energy source. The power quality (PQ) significantly deteriorates when WE sources are connected to the weak ac grid. This is due to the variable wind speed, the impedance of weak grids, and nonlinear loads. This article proposes a methodology to improve the PQ in the weak grid with WE penetration using additional distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM). Fuzzy logic (FL) controller is implemented in the conventional synchronous reference frame (SRF) scheme to minimize the oscillations in the voltage signals. Also, a feedforward block of the WE source is incorporated in the FLSRF control scheme for adapting changes associated with the wind speed. The proposed control scheme accommodates the changes related to the grid’s strength, wind speed, load currents, and dc-link voltage dynamics to estimate the switching signals for the DSTATCOM. The MATLAB simulation and experimental studies established the effectiveness of the proposed method for enhancing the PQ performance of weak grid-connected WE sources in the presence of nonlinear loads.
3 citations
References
More filters
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01 Jan 1986
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a recursive least square adaptive filter (RLF) based on the Kalman filter, which is used as the unifying base for RLS Filters.
Abstract: Background and Overview. 1. Stochastic Processes and Models. 2. Wiener Filters. 3. Linear Prediction. 4. Method of Steepest Descent. 5. Least-Mean-Square Adaptive Filters. 6. Normalized Least-Mean-Square Adaptive Filters. 7. Transform-Domain and Sub-Band Adaptive Filters. 8. Method of Least Squares. 9. Recursive Least-Square Adaptive Filters. 10. Kalman Filters as the Unifying Bases for RLS Filters. 11. Square-Root Adaptive Filters. 12. Order-Recursive Adaptive Filters. 13. Finite-Precision Effects. 14. Tracking of Time-Varying Systems. 15. Adaptive Filters Using Infinite-Duration Impulse Response Structures. 16. Blind Deconvolution. 17. Back-Propagation Learning. Epilogue. Appendix A. Complex Variables. Appendix B. Differentiation with Respect to a Vector. Appendix C. Method of Lagrange Multipliers. Appendix D. Estimation Theory. Appendix E. Eigenanalysis. Appendix F. Rotations and Reflections. Appendix G. Complex Wishart Distribution. Glossary. Abbreviations. Principal Symbols. Bibliography. Index.
16,062 citations
Book•
24 Dec 1999
TL;DR: The Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS)—a new technology based on power electronics—offers an opportunity to enhance controllability, stability, and power transfer capability of ac transmission systems.
4,217 citations
"Comprehensive Review of Distributed..." refers background in this paper
...This minimizes real and reactive power loss in the distribution network [55], [56]....
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...More than 170 research publications [1-176] have been reviewed critically and presented in seven sections of this paper....
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TL;DR: New trends in power electronics for the integration of wind and photovoltaic (PV) power generators are presented and a review of the appropriate storage-system technology used for the Integration of intermittent renewable energy sources is introduced.
Abstract: The use of distributed energy resources is increasingly being pursued as a supplement and an alternative to large conventional central power stations. The specification of a power-electronic interface is subject to requirements related not only to the renewable energy source itself but also to its effects on the power-system operation, especially where the intermittent energy source constitutes a significant part of the total system capacity. In this paper, new trends in power electronics for the integration of wind and photovoltaic (PV) power generators are presented. A review of the appropriate storage-system technology used for the integration of intermittent renewable energy sources is also introduced. Discussions about common and future trends in renewable energy systems based on reliability and maturity of each technology are presented
3,799 citations
"Comprehensive Review of Distributed..." refers background or methods in this paper
...The development of DFACTS devices used in the distribution network to improve the PQ has also resulted in the increased RE penetration levels in the grid [14], [15]....
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...More than 170 research publications [1-176] have been reviewed critically and presented in seven sections of this paper....
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TL;DR: This paper presents a comprehensive review of active filter configurations, control strategies, selection of components, other related economic and technical considerations, and their selection for specific applications.
Abstract: Active filtering of electric power has now become a mature technology for harmonic and reactive power compensation in two-wire (single phase), three-wire (three phase without neutral), and four-wire (three phase with neutral) AC power networks with nonlinear loads. This paper presents a comprehensive review of active filter (AF) configurations, control strategies, selection of components, other related economic and technical considerations, and their selection for specific applications. It is aimed at providing a broad perspective on the status of AF technology to researchers and application engineers dealing with power quality issues. A list of more than 200 research publications on the subject is also appended for a quick reference.
2,311 citations
"Comprehensive Review of Distributed..." refers background in this paper
...RE penetration into the utility grid would further deteriorate the quality of power due to the unpredictable output of the RE sources and converters used for their interfacing with the grid [38], [39]....
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...More than 170 research publications [1-176] have been reviewed critically and presented in seven sections of this paper....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present how renewable energy resources are currently being used, scientific developments to improve their use, their future prospects, and their deployment, and represent the impact of power electronics and smart grid technologies that can enable the proportionate share of renewable resources.
Abstract: Electric energy security is essential, yet the high cost and limited sources of fossil fuels, in addition to the need to reduce greenhouse gasses emission, have made renewable resources attractive in world energy-based economies. The potential for renewable energy resources is enormous because they can, in principle, exponentially exceed the world׳s energy demand; therefore, these types of resources will have a significant share in the future global energy portfolio, much of which is now concentrating on advancing their pool of renewable energy resources. Accordingly, this paper presents how renewable energy resources are currently being used, scientific developments to improve their use, their future prospects, and their deployment. Additionally, the paper represents the impact of power electronics and smart grid technologies that can enable the proportionate share of renewable energy resources.
1,990 citations
"Comprehensive Review of Distributed..." refers background in this paper
...INTRODUCTION The increased demand for electrical power, the requirement of environmental conservation and depletion of fossil fuel reserves have forced the utilities to increase the penetration level of RE into the utility grid [1], [2]....
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...Symptoms, causes, impacts and solution of PQ disturbances in 3P3W and 3P4W utility network [1]–[65]....
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...More than 170 research publications [1-176] have been reviewed critically and presented in seven sections of this paper....
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