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Journal ArticleDOI

Comprehensive Review of Distributed FACTS Control Algorithms for Power Quality Enhancement in Utility Grid With Renewable Energy Penetration

TL;DR: A comprehensive review of various conventional and adaptive algorithms used to control DFACTS devices for improvement of power quality in utility grids with RE penetration is presented.
Abstract: Rapid industrialization and its automation on the globe demands increased generation of electrical energy with more reliability and quality. Renewable energy (RE) sources are considered as a green form of energy and extensively used as an alternative source of energy for conventional energy sources to meet the increased demand for electrical power. However, these sources, when integrated to the utility grid, pose challenges in maintaining the power quality (PQ) and stability of the power system network. This is due to the unpredictable and variable nature of generation by these sources. The distributed flexible AC transmission system (DFACTS) devices such as distributed static compensator (DSTATCOM) and dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) play an active role in mitigating PQ issues associated with RE penetration. The performance of DFACTS devices is mostly dependent on the type of control algorithms employed for switching of these devices. This paper presents a comprehensive review of various conventional and adaptive algorithms used to control DFACTS devices for improvement of power quality in utility grids with RE penetration. This review intends to provide a summary of the design, experimental hardware, performance and feasibility aspects of these algorithms reported in the literature. More than 170 research publications are critically reviewed, classified, and listed for quick reference for the advantage of engineers and academician working in this area.

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Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , a modified instantaneous reactive power (PQ) theory is proposed to control the dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) under extreme transient voltage circumstances, which is based on the extraction of the positive sequence component of grid voltage and the negative sequence components of load current for generating a voltage reference signal.
Abstract: In today’s power system, power quality is a critical topic having several impacts on customers and utilities. In the current electric power system, the integration of renewable energy sources, smart grid technologies, and significant usage of power electronics equipment has generated a slew of issues. The sensitive equipment might be damaged by harmonics, voltage sag, and swell. These devices are vulnerable to Interference with other elements of the system resulting in input voltage changes. As a result, in the contemporary period, Power quality is becoming more important as the number of sensitive and costly electronic devices grows. To overcome the challenges of non-standard voltage, the Dynamic Voltage restorer (DVR) device has been extensively utilized to keep the load voltage stable. To have a dynamic and fast response of the DVR a modified instantaneous reactive power (PQ) theory is proposed to control DVR under extreme transient voltage circumstances. The proposed technique is based on the extraction of the positive sequence component of grid voltage and the negative sequence component of load current for generating a voltage reference signal. The power system network with the proposed PQ control scheme is investigated and assessed under various scenarios to compensate for severe balanced, unbalanced (voltage sags and swells), and load change. MATLAB/Simulink is used to verify the mathematical models of the conventional PQ and proposed PQ control system for DVR. The complete system is implemented experimentally using a dSPACE 1104 based laboratory system to validate the presented control scheme. The simulation and experimental results are correlated, demonstrating the efficacy of the suggested modified PQ control technique.

3 citations

30 Aug 2000
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the standard-writing process and highlight technical issues critical to wind power, with the intent of soliciting feedback from an encouraging broader participation by the wind industry.
Abstract: In December 1998, the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) began writing a standard for the interconnection of distributed resources with electric power systems. This standard will prescribe technical requirements for the interconnection of distributed resources that are connected to primary or secondary voltages in electric distribution systems. It is expected to play a significant role in facilitating a new, emerging market for small, distributed, primarily gas-fired electric generators, including new technologies such as fuel cells and micro-turbines. Once published, this new standard will be enforced for the interconnection of distributed wind power applications, as well. The co-authors of this paper have been active with this standard from the beginning, focusing on issues most likely to affect interconnection of wind power. This paper describes the standard-writing process and highlights technical issues critical to wind power, with the intent of soliciting feedback from an encouraging broader participation by the wind industry.

3 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article , different PV monitoring systems in the literature are investigated extensively from the point of view of the devices and the techniques used to measure PV systems' current, voltage, solar radiation, and module temperature.

3 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors proposed a methodology to enhance wind power penetration levels into the rural grid by mitigating PQ disturbances using a DSTATCOM controlled by Adaptive Least Mean Fourth (ALMF) control.
Abstract: The intermittency associated with Wind Energy causes Power Quality (PQ) disturbances, which in turn can limit the penetration levels. These penetration levels are further restricted due to the non-linear (NL) loads and the weakness of the grid (especially in the rural grid). This paper proposes a methodology to enhance wind power penetration levels into the rural grid by mitigating PQ disturbances using a DSTATCOM controlled by Adaptive Least Mean Fourth (ALMF) control. The proposed algorithm computes the active and reactive load current components with the help of updated weights by continuously adapting the changes in grid voltages, wind speed and DC-link voltage to generate reference currents, which are used to generate switching signals for the DSTATCOM. Various case studies establish the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in MATLAB simulation and experimentally to enhance the wind energy penetration level up to 25% into the rural grid with a short circuit ratio as low as 2.74 in the presence of NL loads.

3 citations

References
More filters
Book
01 Jan 1986
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors propose a recursive least square adaptive filter (RLF) based on the Kalman filter, which is used as the unifying base for RLS Filters.
Abstract: Background and Overview. 1. Stochastic Processes and Models. 2. Wiener Filters. 3. Linear Prediction. 4. Method of Steepest Descent. 5. Least-Mean-Square Adaptive Filters. 6. Normalized Least-Mean-Square Adaptive Filters. 7. Transform-Domain and Sub-Band Adaptive Filters. 8. Method of Least Squares. 9. Recursive Least-Square Adaptive Filters. 10. Kalman Filters as the Unifying Bases for RLS Filters. 11. Square-Root Adaptive Filters. 12. Order-Recursive Adaptive Filters. 13. Finite-Precision Effects. 14. Tracking of Time-Varying Systems. 15. Adaptive Filters Using Infinite-Duration Impulse Response Structures. 16. Blind Deconvolution. 17. Back-Propagation Learning. Epilogue. Appendix A. Complex Variables. Appendix B. Differentiation with Respect to a Vector. Appendix C. Method of Lagrange Multipliers. Appendix D. Estimation Theory. Appendix E. Eigenanalysis. Appendix F. Rotations and Reflections. Appendix G. Complex Wishart Distribution. Glossary. Abbreviations. Principal Symbols. Bibliography. Index.

16,062 citations

Book
24 Dec 1999
TL;DR: The Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS)—a new technology based on power electronics—offers an opportunity to enhance controllability, stability, and power transfer capability of ac transmission systems.

4,217 citations


"Comprehensive Review of Distributed..." refers background in this paper

  • ...This minimizes real and reactive power loss in the distribution network [55], [56]....

    [...]

  • ...More than 170 research publications [1-176] have been reviewed critically and presented in seven sections of this paper....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: New trends in power electronics for the integration of wind and photovoltaic (PV) power generators are presented and a review of the appropriate storage-system technology used for the Integration of intermittent renewable energy sources is introduced.
Abstract: The use of distributed energy resources is increasingly being pursued as a supplement and an alternative to large conventional central power stations. The specification of a power-electronic interface is subject to requirements related not only to the renewable energy source itself but also to its effects on the power-system operation, especially where the intermittent energy source constitutes a significant part of the total system capacity. In this paper, new trends in power electronics for the integration of wind and photovoltaic (PV) power generators are presented. A review of the appropriate storage-system technology used for the integration of intermittent renewable energy sources is also introduced. Discussions about common and future trends in renewable energy systems based on reliability and maturity of each technology are presented

3,799 citations


"Comprehensive Review of Distributed..." refers background or methods in this paper

  • ...The development of DFACTS devices used in the distribution network to improve the PQ has also resulted in the increased RE penetration levels in the grid [14], [15]....

    [...]

  • ...More than 170 research publications [1-176] have been reviewed critically and presented in seven sections of this paper....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper presents a comprehensive review of active filter configurations, control strategies, selection of components, other related economic and technical considerations, and their selection for specific applications.
Abstract: Active filtering of electric power has now become a mature technology for harmonic and reactive power compensation in two-wire (single phase), three-wire (three phase without neutral), and four-wire (three phase with neutral) AC power networks with nonlinear loads. This paper presents a comprehensive review of active filter (AF) configurations, control strategies, selection of components, other related economic and technical considerations, and their selection for specific applications. It is aimed at providing a broad perspective on the status of AF technology to researchers and application engineers dealing with power quality issues. A list of more than 200 research publications on the subject is also appended for a quick reference.

2,311 citations


"Comprehensive Review of Distributed..." refers background in this paper

  • ...RE penetration into the utility grid would further deteriorate the quality of power due to the unpredictable output of the RE sources and converters used for their interfacing with the grid [38], [39]....

    [...]

  • ...More than 170 research publications [1-176] have been reviewed critically and presented in seven sections of this paper....

    [...]

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present how renewable energy resources are currently being used, scientific developments to improve their use, their future prospects, and their deployment, and represent the impact of power electronics and smart grid technologies that can enable the proportionate share of renewable resources.
Abstract: Electric energy security is essential, yet the high cost and limited sources of fossil fuels, in addition to the need to reduce greenhouse gasses emission, have made renewable resources attractive in world energy-based economies. The potential for renewable energy resources is enormous because they can, in principle, exponentially exceed the world׳s energy demand; therefore, these types of resources will have a significant share in the future global energy portfolio, much of which is now concentrating on advancing their pool of renewable energy resources. Accordingly, this paper presents how renewable energy resources are currently being used, scientific developments to improve their use, their future prospects, and their deployment. Additionally, the paper represents the impact of power electronics and smart grid technologies that can enable the proportionate share of renewable energy resources.

1,990 citations


"Comprehensive Review of Distributed..." refers background in this paper

  • ...INTRODUCTION The increased demand for electrical power, the requirement of environmental conservation and depletion of fossil fuel reserves have forced the utilities to increase the penetration level of RE into the utility grid [1], [2]....

    [...]

  • ...Symptoms, causes, impacts and solution of PQ disturbances in 3P3W and 3P4W utility network [1]–[65]....

    [...]

  • ...More than 170 research publications [1-176] have been reviewed critically and presented in seven sections of this paper....

    [...]