Conductive two-dimensional titanium carbide ‘clay’ with high volumetric capacitance
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TLDR
This capacitance report reports a method of producing two-dimensional titanium carbide ‘clay’ using a solution of lithium fluoride and hydrochloric acid that offers a much faster route to film production as well as the avoidance of handling hazardous concentrated hydrofluoric acid.Abstract:
Safe and powerful energy storage devices are becoming increasingly important. Charging times of seconds to minutes, with power densities exceeding those of batteries, can in principle be provided by electrochemical capacitors--in particular, pseudocapacitors. Recent research has focused mainly on improving the gravimetric performance of the electrodes of such systems, but for portable electronics and vehicles volume is at a premium. The best volumetric capacitances of carbon-based electrodes are around 300 farads per cubic centimetre; hydrated ruthenium oxide can reach capacitances of 1,000 to 1,500 farads per cubic centimetre with great cyclability, but only in thin films. Recently, electrodes made of two-dimensional titanium carbide (Ti3C2, a member of the 'MXene' family), produced by etching aluminium from titanium aluminium carbide (Ti3AlC2, a 'MAX' phase) in concentrated hydrofluoric acid, have been shown to have volumetric capacitances of over 300 farads per cubic centimetre. Here we report a method of producing this material using a solution of lithium fluoride and hydrochloric acid. The resulting hydrophilic material swells in volume when hydrated, and can be shaped like clay and dried into a highly conductive solid or rolled into films tens of micrometres thick. Additive-free films of this titanium carbide 'clay' have volumetric capacitances of up to 900 farads per cubic centimetre, with excellent cyclability and rate performances. This capacitance is almost twice that of our previous report, and our synthetic method also offers a much faster route to film production as well as the avoidance of handling hazardous concentrated hydrofluoric acid.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
2D metal carbides and nitrides (MXenes) for energy storage
TL;DR: More than twenty 2D carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides of transition metals (MXenes) have been synthesized and studied, and dozens more predicted to exist.
Journal ArticleDOI
Recent Advances in Ultrathin Two-Dimensional Nanomaterials
Chaoliang Tan,Xiehong Cao,Xiehong Cao,Xue-Jun Wu,Qiyuan He,Jian Yang,Xiao Zhang,Junze Chen,Wei Zhao,Shikui Han,Gwang-Hyeon Nam,Melinda Sindoro,Hua Zhang +12 more
TL;DR: The unique advances on ultrathin 2D nanomaterials are introduced, followed by the description of their composition and crystal structures, and the assortments of their synthetic methods are summarized.
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Electromagnetic interference shielding with 2D transition metal carbides (MXenes)
Faisal Shahzad,Mohamed Alhabeb,Christine B. Hatter,Babak Anasori,Soon Man Hong,Chong Min Koo,Yury Gogotsi +6 more
TL;DR: The mechanical flexibility and easy coating capability offered by MXenes and their composites enable them to shield surfaces of any shape while providing high EMI shielding efficiency.
Journal ArticleDOI
Guidelines for Synthesis and Processing of Two-Dimensional Titanium Carbide (Ti3C2Tx MXene)
Mohamed Alhabeb,Kathleen Maleski,Babak Anasori,Pavel Lelyukh,Leah Clark,Saleesha Sin,Yury Gogotsi +6 more
TL;DR: Two-dimensional transition metal carbides, carbonitrides, and nitrides (MXenes) were discovered in 2011 and more than 20 different compositions have been synthesized by the selective etching of MAX phase and other precursors and many more theoretically predicted as mentioned in this paper.
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Metallic 1T phase MoS2 nanosheets as supercapacitor electrode materials
TL;DR: It is shown that chemically exfoliated nanosheets of MoS2 containing a high concentration of the metallic 1T phase can electrochemically intercalate ions with extraordinary efficiency and achieve capacitance values ranging from ∼400 to ∼700 F cm(-3) in a variety of aqueous electrolytes.
References
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High-rate electrochemical energy storage through Li+ intercalation pseudocapacitance
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