Journal ArticleDOI
Constants across cultures in the face and emotion
Paul Ekman,Wallace V. Friesen +1 more
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TLDR
Evidence is provided that members of a preliterate culture who had minimal exposure to literate cultures would associate the same emotion concepts with the same facial behaviors as do members of Western and Eastern literates.Abstract:
This study addresses the question of whether any facial expressions of emotion are universal. Recent studies showing that members of literate cultures associated the same emotion concepts with the same facial behaviors could not demonstrate that at least some facial expressions of emotion are universal; the cultures compared had all been exposed to some of the same mass media presentations of facial expression, and these may have taught the people in each culture to recognize the unique facial expressions of other cultures. To show that members of a preliterate culture who had minimal exposure to literate cultures would associate the same emotion concepts with the same facial behaviors as do members of Western and Eastern literate cultures, data were gathered in New Guinea by telling subjects a story, showing them a set of three faces, and asking them to select the face which showed the emotion appropriate to the story. The results provide evidence in support of the hypothesis that the association between particular facial muscular patterns and discrete emotions is universal.read more
Citations
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The ''Reading the Mind in the Eyes'' Test Revised Version: A Study with Normal Adults, and Adults with Asperger Syndrome or High-functioning Autism
TL;DR: The Revised Eyes Test has improved power to detect subtle individual differences in social sensitivity and was inversely correlated with the Autism Spectrum Quotient (the AQ), a measure of autistic traits in adults of normal intelligence.
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Patterns of cognitive appraisal in emotion
TL;DR: This work proposes eight cognitive appraisal dimensions to differentiate emotional experience, and investigates the patterns of appraisal for the different emotions, and the role of each of the dimensions in differentiating emotional experience are discussed.
Facial expression and emotion
TL;DR: Cross-cultural research on facial expression and the developments of methods to measure facial expression are briefly summarized and what has been learned about emotion from this work on the face is elucidated.
Sex Differences in
TL;DR: In this paper, a study suggests that there are sex differences in vocational attitude maturity, with the relationship being higher for males than for females, and the self-concept variables of self-satisfaction, family, and moral-ethical self were found to contribute to the attitude maturity of males.
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IEMOCAP: interactive emotional dyadic motion capture database
Carlos Busso,Murtaza Bulut,Chi-Chun Lee,Abe Kazemzadeh,Emily Mower,Samuel Kim,Jeannette N. Chang,Sungbok Lee,Shrikanth S. Narayanan +8 more
TL;DR: A new corpus named the “interactive emotional dyadic motion capture database” (IEMOCAP), collected by the Speech Analysis and Interpretation Laboratory at the University of Southern California (USC), which provides detailed information about their facial expressions and hand movements during scripted and spontaneous spoken communication scenarios.
References
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Book
The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals
TL;DR: The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals Introduction to the First Edition and Discussion Index, by Phillip Prodger and Paul Ekman.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Repertoire of Nonverbal Behavior : Categories, Origins, Usage, and Coding
Paul Ekman,Wallace V. Friesen +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on three fundamental considerations of nonverbal behavior: origin, usage and codeword, and the rules that explain how the behavior contains or conveys information.
Journal ArticleDOI
Pan-Cultural Elements in Facial Displays of Emotion
TL;DR: Observers in both literate and preliterate cultures chose the predicted emotion for photographs of the face, although agreement was higher in the literate samples, suggesting that the pan-cultural element in facial displays of emotion is the association between facial muscular movements and discrete primary emotions.