Constituents of Chinese Piper species and their inhibitory activity on prostaglandin and leukotriene biosynthesis in vitro.
TL;DR: The n-hexane extracts of 19 Piper species, predominantly from China, were screened for their 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and cyclo oxygengenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitory potential and showed considerable inhibitory activity against at least one of these two key enzymes of the arachidonic acid metabolism.
About: This article is published in Journal of Ethnopharmacology.The article was published on 2001-05-01. It has received 152 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Piperlonguminine & Piper kadsura.
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TL;DR: Administration of alcoholic extract of Piper longum as well as piperine could inhibit the solid tumor development in mice induced with DLA cells and increase the life span of mice bearing Ehrlich ascites carcinoma tumor to 37.3 and 58.8%, respectively.
442 citations
TL;DR: Given that increasing numbers of people are exposed to a number of herbal preparations that contain many constituents with potential of CYP modulation, high-throughput screening assays should be developed to explore herb–CYP interactions.
Abstract: A resurgence in the use of medical herbs in the Western world, and the co-use of modern and traditional therapies is becoming more common. Thus there is the potential for both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic herb-drug interactions. For example, systems such as the cytochrome P450 (CYP) may be particularly vulnerable to modulation by the multiple active constituents of herbs, as it is well known that the CYPs are subject to induction and inhibition by exposure to a wide variety of xenobiotics. Using in vitro, in silico, and in vivo approaches, many herbs and natural compounds isolated from herbs have been identified as substrates, inhibitors, and/or inducers of various CYP enzymes. For example, St. John's wort is a potent inducer of CYP3A4, which is mediated by activating the orphan pregnane X receptor. It also contains ingredients that inhibit CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4. Many other common medicinal herbs also exhibited inducing or inhibiting effects on the CYP system, with the latter being competitive, noncompetitive, or mechanism-based. It appears that the regulation of CYPs by herbal products complex, depending on the herb type, their administration dose and route, the target organ and species. Due to the difficulties in identifying the active constituents responsible for the modulation of CYP enzymes, prediction of herb-drug metabolic interactions is difficult. However, herb-CYP interactions may have important clinical and toxicological consequences. For example, induction of CYP3A4 by St. John's wort may partly provide an explanation for the enhanced plasma clearance of a number of drugs, such as cyclosporine and innadivir, which are known substrates of CYP3A4, although other mechanisms including modulation of gastric absorption and drug transporters cannot be ruled out. In contrast, many organosulfur compounds, such as diallyl sulfide from garlic, are potent inhibitors of CYP2E1; this may provide an explanation for garlic's chemoproventive effects, as many mutagens require activation by CYP2E1. Therefore, known or potential herb-CYP interactions exist, and further studies on their clinical and toxicological roles are warranted. Given that increasing numbers of people are exposed to a number of herbal preparations that contain many constituents with potential of CYP modulation, high-throughput screening assays should be developed to explore herb-CYP interactions.
376 citations
Cites background from "Constituents of Chinese Piper speci..."
...Piperine has reported antidiarrhoeal (Bajad et al., 2001a,b), antiinflammatory (Stohr et al., 2001), chemopreventive (Bai and Xu, 2000), immuneenhancing (Lin et al., 1999), anticonvulsant (D’Hooge et al., 1996), and antioxidant activity (Mittal and Gupta, 2000)....
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..., 2001a,b), antiinflammatory (Stohr et al., 2001), chemopreventive (Bai and Xu, 2000), immuneenhancing (Lin et al....
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TL;DR: The inhibition of PGP by herbal constituents may provide a novel approach for reversing multidrug resistance in tumor cells, whereas the stimulation of Pgp expression or activity has implication for chemoprotective enhancement by herbal medicines.
Abstract: P‐glycoprotein (Pgp) is a 170 kDa phosphorylated glycoprotein encoded by human MDR1 gene. It is responsible for the systemic disposition of numerous structurally and pharmacologically unrelated lip...
362 citations
Cites background from "Constituents of Chinese Piper speci..."
...Piperine was reported to have antidiarrheal (Bajad et al., 2001a), anti-inflammatory (Stohr et al., 2001), hepatoprotective (Koul and Kapil, 1993), chemopreventive (Bai and Xu, 2000), immunomodulating (Lin et al., 1999), anticonvulsant (D’Hooge et al., 1996), and antioxidant activities (Mittal and…...
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..., 2001a), anti-inflammatory (Stohr et al., 2001), hepatoprotective (Koul and Kapil, 1993), chemopreventive (Bai and Xu, 2000), immunomodulating (Lin et al....
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TL;DR: It is suggested that piperine has anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antiarthritic effects in an arthritis animal model and should be further studied with regard to use either as a pharmaceutical or as a dietary supplement for the treatment of arthritis.
Abstract: Introduction
The objective of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory, nociceptive, and antiarthritic effects of piperine, the active phenolic component in black pepper extract.
319 citations
Cites background from "Constituents of Chinese Piper speci..."
...Constituents of the piper species have shown in vitro inhibitory activity against the enzymes responsible for leukotriene and prostaglandin biosynthesis, 5-lipoxygenase and COX-1, respectively [8]....
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TL;DR: The possible utility of natural products as preventive and therapeutic agents against various oncologic diseases, including prostate, pancreatic, lung, skin, gastric, oral, blood, head and neck, colorectal, liver, cervical and breast cancers, is critically discussed.
226 citations
References
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TL;DR: The secondary metabolites isolated from Piper species for the period 1907 to June 1996 have been reviewed in this paper, where nearly six hundred chemical constituents belonging to different classes of bioactive compounds are listed together with their source(s) and references.
849 citations
TL;DR: The finding that prostaglandin R can be converted enzymatically into the biologically inactive prostaglandsin D in good yields, reveals a new pathway in prostag landin metabolism and postulates the key position of prostag Landin R as the first biologically active product formed from essential fatty acids.
763 citations
TL;DR: Recent chemical work on various Chinese medicinal plants is reviewed, including Mussaenda pubescens (Rubiaceae), Isatis indigotica (Cruciferae), Euphorbia fischeriana, and E. ebracteolata (Euphorbiaceae), and Stemona species (Stemonaceae).
Abstract: China has accumulated a rich body of empirical knowledge of the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of various diseases throughout its long history. Chemical studies on Chinese medicinal plants provide a valuable material base for the discovery and development of new drugs of natural origin. In this article recent chemical work on various Chinese medicinal plants is reviewed, including Mussaenda pubescens (Rubiaceae), Isatis indigotica (Cruciferae), Euphorbia fischeriana, and E. ebracteolata (Euphorbiaceae), and Stemona species (Stemonaceae). The structural diversity of the medicinal chemical constituents of the above plants is discussed.
98 citations
TL;DR: Five polyacetylenes, heptadeca-2E,8E,10E,16-tetraene-4,6-diyne-10-ol, and, as a new compound, safynol-2-O-isobutyrate could be isolated and their structures elucidated mainly by UV, MS, NMR, and COSY-NMR.
Abstract: The n-hexane extract of Bidens campylotheca Schultz Bip. ssp campylotheca (Compositae) showed significant in vitro inhibition of cyclooxygenase (CO) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). Five polyacetylenes, heptadeca-2E,8E,10E,16-tetraene-4,6-diyne (1), heptadeca-2E,8Z,10E,16-tetraene-4,6-diyne (2), heptadeca-2E,8E,16-triene-4,6-diyne-10-ol (3), safynol (5) and, as a new compound, safynol-2-O-isobutyrate (4) could be isolated and their structures elucidated mainly by UV, MS, NMR, and COSY-NMR. The isolated compounds exhibited a significant inhibitory effect on cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase.
75 citations