Constructing Biocatalytic Cascades: In Vitro and in Vivo Approaches to de Novo Multi-Enzyme Pathways
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TLDR
The relative merits of in vitro, in vivo, and hybrid approaches to building biocatalytic cascades are described and recent developments in the area are showcased.Abstract:
The combination of sequential biocatalytic reactions, via non-natural synthetic cascades, is a rapidly developing field and leads to the generation of complex valuable chemicals from simple precursors. As the toolbox of available biocatalysts continues to expand, so do the options for biocatalytic retrosynthesis of a target molecule, leading to alternative routes employing enzymatic transformations. The implementation of such cascade reactions requires careful consideration, particularly with respect to whether the pathway is constructed in vitro or in vivo. In this Perspective, we describe the relative merits of in vitro, in vivo, and hybrid approaches to building biocatalytic cascades and showcase recent developments in the area. We also highlight the factors that influence the design and implementation of purely enzymatic or chemoenzymatic, one-pot, multistep pathways.read more
Citations
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Role of Biocatalysis in Sustainable Chemistry
Roger A. Sheldon,John M. Woodley +1 more
TL;DR: Based on the principles and metrics of green chemistry and sustainable development, biocatalysis is both a green and sustainable technology and its broader application will be further stimulated in the future by the emerging biobased economy.
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Biocatalysis: Enzymatic Synthesis for Industrial Applications
TL;DR: A review of biocatalysis with a special focus on scalable chemical production using enzymes discusses the opportunities and limitations of enzymatic syntheses using distinct examples and provides an outlook on emerging enzyme classes.
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Artificial Biocatalytic Linear Cascades for Preparation of Organic Molecules
TL;DR: The review introduces a systematic classification of the cascades according to the number of enzymes in the linear sequence and differentiates between cascades involving exclusively enzymes and combinations of enzymes with non-natural catalysts or chemical steps.
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Opportunities and challenges for combining chemo- and biocatalysis
Florian Rudroff,Marko D. Mihovilovic,Harald Gröger,Radka Snajdrova,Hans Iding,Uwe T. Bornscheuer +5 more
TL;DR: This Review focuses on efforts to combine chemo- and biocatalysts, outlining the opportunities achievable by this approach and also efforts to overcome any incompatibilities between these different systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Design of an in vitro biocatalytic cascade for the manufacture of islatravir
Mark A. Huffman,Anna Fryszkowska,Oscar Alvizo,Margie Borra-Garske,Kevin R. Campos,Canada Keith A,Paul N. Devine,Da Duan,Jacob Forstater,Shane T. Grosser,Holst M. Halsey,Gregory Hughes,Junyong Jo,Leo A. Joyce,Joshua N. Kolev,Jack Liang,Kevin M. Maloney,Benjamin F. Mann,Nicholas M. Marshall,Mark McLaughlin,Jeffrey C. Moore,Grant S. Murphy,Christopher C. Nawrat,Jovana Nazor,Scott J. Novick,Niki R. Patel,Agustina Rodriguez-Granillo,Sandra A. Robaire,Edward C. Sherer,Matthew D. Truppo,Aaron M. Whittaker,Deeptak Verma,Li Xiao,Yingju Xu,Hao Yang +34 more
TL;DR: An in vitro biocatalytic cascade synthesis of the investigational HIV treatment islatravir is reported, requiring fewer than half the number of steps of the previously reported routes.
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