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Journal ArticleDOI

Construction and performance of the lead-scintillating fiber calorimeter prototypes for the KLOE detector

TL;DR: The KLOE detector is designed primarily for the study of direct CP violation in K0 decays as mentioned in this paper. But it is not suitable for the measurement of the electromagnetic calorimeter, which is the most demanding element of the detector.
Abstract: The KLOE detector is designed primarily for the study of direct CP violation in K0 decays. The electromagnetic calorimeter, EmC, is a most demanding element of the detector. Two prototypes of the EmC (one for the barrel and one for the end-cap region) have been built at Frascati and tested at PSI (Switzerland) using beams of electrons, muons and pions of 40 to 290 MeV/c momentum, and at the Frascati LADON facility using photons of 20 to 80 MeV. We observe excellent linearity from 20 to 290 MeV. The energy resolution is σ(E)/E ∼ 4.4% / ”E(GeV) and the time resolution is ∼ 34 ps/”E(GeV). We found little dependence on incidence angle and entry position. We also determined that some πμ identification is possible.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The KLOE calorimeter as mentioned in this paper is a fine lead-scintillating fiber sampling calorometer with an energy resolution of 5.4% and a time resolution of 56 ps/E (GeV).
Abstract: The KLOE calorimeter is a fine lead-scintillating fiber sampling calorimeter. We describe in the following the calibration procedures and the calorimeter performances obtained after 3 years of data taking. We get an energy resolution for electromagnetic showers of 5.4%/ E (GeV) and a time resolution of 56 ps/ E (GeV) . We also present a measurement of efficiency for low-energy photons.

257 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
C.W. Fabjan1, Fabiola Gianotti1
TL;DR: Calorimetry has become a well-understood, powerful, and versatile measurement method as mentioned in this paper, and researchers are developing low-temperature calorimeters to extend detection down to ever lower energies.
Abstract: Calorimetry has become a well-understood, powerful, and versatile measurement method. Besides perfecting this technique to match increasingly demanding operation at high-energy particle accelerators, physicists are developing low-temperature calorimeters to extend detection down to ever lower energies, and atmospheric and deep-sea calorimeters to scrutinize the universe up to the highest energies. The authors summarize the state of the art, with emphasis on the physics of the detectors and innovative technologies.

181 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The DAΦNE Beam Test Facility (BTF) is a beam transfer line optimized for the production of electron or positron bunches, in a wide range of multiplicities and down to single-electron mode, in the energy range between 50 and 800 MeV as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The DAΦNE Beam Test Facility (BTF) is a beam transfer line optimized for the production of electron or positron bunches, in a wide range of multiplicities and down to single-electron mode, in the energy range between 50 and 800 MeV . The typical pulse duration is 10 ns and the maximum repetition rate is 50 Hz . The facility design has been optimized for detector calibration purposes. The BTF has been successfully commissioned in February 2002 and started operation in the same year in November. The schemes of operation, the commissioning results, as well as the first users’ experience are reported here.

133 citations

01 Jan 2003
TL;DR: The DA NE Beam Test Facility (BTF) is a beam transfer line optimized for the production of a dened number of electrons or positrons, in a wide range of multiplicities and down to single-electron mode, in the energy range between 50 and 800 MeV.
Abstract: The DA NE Beam Test Facility (BTF) is a beam transfer line optimized for the production of a dened number of electrons or positrons, in a wide range of multiplicities and down to single-electron mode, in the energy range between 50 and 800 MeV. The typical pulse duration is 10 ns and the maximum repetition rate is 50 Hz. The facility is aimed mainly for detector calibration purposes. The BTF has been successfully commissioned in February 2002, and started operation in November of the same year. The schemes of operation, the commissioning results, as well as the rst users’ experience are here reported.

122 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Quartz fibers have many interesting and beneficial aspects, which derive from the fact that the Cerenkov effect forms the basis of the signals in quartz-based detectors as discussed by the authors, and they also discuss some details of the radiation damage characteristics of quartz.
Abstract: Quartz fibers were first applied in particle physics experiments for detectors that operated at extremely high radiation levels. The superior radiation hardness of high-purity quartz was the driving consideration at that time. However, it turned out that these fibers have many other interesting and beneficial aspects, which derive from the fact that the Cerenkov effect forms the basis of the signals in quartz-based detectors. These aspects are reviewed in this paper. We also discuss some details of the radiation damage characteristics of quartz.

29 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, prototypes for a new type of calorimeter, intended for the detection of both electromagnetic (em) and hadronic showers, muons and missing energy (eg neutrinos) at high-luminosity multi-TeV pp colliders, were tested.
Abstract: In the framework of the LAA project, prototypes for a new type of calorimeter, intended for the detection of both electromagnetic (em) and hadronic showers, muons and missing energy (eg neutrinos) at high-luminosity multi-TeV pp colliders, were tested The detector consists of scintillating plastic fibres embedded in a lead matrix at a volume ratio 1:4, such as to achieve compensation The optimization of the construction of the detector modules is described, as well as the performance concerning em shower and muon detection and e/π separation We used electron, pion and muon beams in the energy range 10–150 GeV for this purpose For the energy resolution of electrons we found 13%/trE, with a constant term of 1% The signal uniformity was better than 3% over the total surface of projective modules The signal linearity for em shower detection was better than 1%, and the e/π separation was better than 5 × 10−4 for isolated particles Channeling effects are negligible, provided that the angle between the incoming particles and the fibre axis is larger than 2°

76 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the average resolution of these detectors is determined to be σ/E ≈ 6.3%/√E (GeV) using a 300-element array of such modules.
Abstract: Electromagnetic calorimeter modules based on a uniform array of plastic scintillating fibers embedded in a lead alloy have been built and tested. Techniques have been developed to assemble large volumes of this composite material and to machine it into the tapered trapezoidal modules appropriate for modern, hermetically-sealed calorimeters with pointing geometry. Using this technique, a 300-element array of such modules has been built and instrumented. Prototypes and subsets of the larger array have been tested in electron and photon beams ranging in energy from 0.035 to 5.0 GeV. Improvements in fiber characteristics, assembly procedures, and geometrical optimization have led to substantial performance gains over previous similar detectors. The average resolution of these detectors is determined to be σ/E ≈ 6.3%/√E (GeV). The techniques of fabrication and the detector tests are described.

47 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
P. Sonderegger1
TL;DR: The Omega Inner Calorimeter as mentioned in this paper is a dense electromagnetic calorimeter made of scintillating fibres embedded in grooved Pb sheets or similar configuration, which is entering its third year of successful operation.
Abstract: Dense electromagnetic calorimeters made of scintillating fibres embedded in grooved Pb sheets or similar configuration are described. The Omega Inner Calorimeter is entering its third year of successful operation. Some future prospects are discussed.

25 citations

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