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Journal Article•DOI•

Contamination of fluoride in groundwater and its effect on human health: a case study in hard rock aquifers of Siddipet, Telangana State, India

Adimalla Narsimha1, V. Sudarshan1•
Osmania University1
01 Sep 2017-Applied Water Science (Springer Berlin Heidelberg)-Vol. 7, Iss: 5, pp 2501-2512
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors carried out hydrogeochemical investigation in the granitic terrain of Siddipet area, Medak district, Telangana State, India with an aim to understand the distribution of fluoride in the groundwater and to understand relationship of fluoride with other major ions, and also to identify the high fluoride-bearing groundwater zones.
Abstract: Hydrogeochemical investigation has been carried out in the granitic terrain of Siddipet area, Medak district, Telangana State, India with an aim to understand the distribution of fluoride in the groundwater and to understand the relationship of fluoride with other major ions, and also to identify the high fluoride-bearing groundwater zones. 104 groundwater samples were analyzed in the study area for fluoride and other major ions like calcium, magnesium, chloride, carbonate, bicarbonate, sodium, potassium, sulfate, and nitrate in addition to pH and electrical conductivity. The studies revealed that the concentration of fluoride in groundwater is ranging from 0.2 to 2.2 mg L−1 with a mean of 1.1 mg L−1. Nearly 22 % of groundwater has more than the permissible limit of fluoride (1.5 mg L−1), which is responsible for the endemic dental fluorosis in the area concerned. Geochemical classification of groundwater shows that Na–HCO3, Ca–Cl, and Ca–HCO3–Na are the dominant hydrochemical facies. Gibbs diagram shows rock–water interaction dominance and evaporation dominance, which are responsible for the change in the quality of water in the hard rock aquifer of the study area. The groundwater in villages and its environs are affected by fluoride contamination, and consequently majority of the population living in these villages suffer from dental fluorosis. Hence, they are advised to consume drinking water which has less than 1.5 mg L−1 fluoride to avoid further fluorosis risks.

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Citations
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Journal Article•DOI•
Groundwater quality evaluation using water quality index (WQI) for drinking purposes and human health risk (HHR) assessment in an agricultural region of Nanganur, south India.

[...]

Narsimha Adimalla1, Hui Qian1•
Chang'an University1
30 Jul 2019-Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
TL;DR: Results suggested that health risk degree of infants have greater health risk than children and adults in the study region, and health risk reduction measures should be implemented to reduce exposure to nitrate contaminated drinking water in theStudy region.

257 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Groundwater Quality for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes and Potential Health Risks Assessment: A Case Study from Semi-Arid Region of South India

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Narsimha Adimalla1•
Chang'an University1
01 Jun 2019
TL;DR: In this article, the groundwater quality in the rapidly urbanizing region of Telangana State, South India, 194 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for evaluating groundwater quality using a GIS technique.
Abstract: To determine the groundwater quality in the rapidly urbanizing region of Telangana State, South India, 194 groundwater samples were collected and analyzed for evaluating the groundwater quality using a geographic information system (GIS) technique. Cations, viz., calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium; and anions such as bicarbonate, carbonate, chloride, nitrate, sulfate, and fluoride were analyzed using standard procedures. The nitrate concentrations varied from 4 to 440 mg/L, with a mean of 73 mg/L. It is noticed that 48% of the groundwater samples showed nitrate concentrations higher than the maximum permissible limit recommended by World Health Organization (WHO) and Bureau of Indian Standards. The high fluoride concentrations in about 57% of the samples exceeded the maximum permissible limit of 1.5 mg/L. High fluoride concentrations are attributed to geogenic source i.e., rock–water interactions with fluorine-bearing minerals present in the granites of the study region. Interpretation of chemistry using Piper diagram indicated that Ca2+–Mg2+–Cl−, Ca2+–Na+–HCO3− and Ca2+–HCO3− were the most predominant water types in the study region. The data plotted in the US Salinity Laboratory diagram which revealed that most of the samples fell in the category of C2S2 and C2S3, indicated that the groundwater suitable for irrigation purposes. In additional, health risk assessments were performed and evaluated using the Unites States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), to determine the risk of noncarcinogenic disease due to fluoride and nitrate in drinking water. Ingestion health risks were estimated for adults (females and males) and children. Results indicated that children were more exposed to health risk, due to intake of high contaminated drinking water with respective of nitrate and fluoride in the study area.

225 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Hydrogeochemical Evaluation of Groundwater Quality for Drinking and Irrigation Purposes and Integrated Interpretation with Water Quality Index Studies

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Narsimha Adimalla1, Peiyue Li1, Sudarshan Venkatayogi2•
Chang'an University1, Osmania University2
16 Apr 2018-Environmental Processes
TL;DR: In this article, the quality studies have been undertaken on 105 groundwater samples collected from the rock dominant semi-arid region of central Telangana and analysed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+, sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl−), sulphate (SO42−), nitrate (NO3−), and fluoride (F−).
Abstract: Groundwater is the major source for drinking and irrigation purposes in the Central parts of Telangana. The demand for groundwater has recently increased due to intensive irrigation practices and population growth which in turn caused depletion of resource and deterioration of quality. In view of this, quality studies have been undertaken on 105 groundwater samples collected from the rock dominant semi-arid region of central Telangana and analysed for pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), total hardness (TH), calcium (Ca2+), magnesium (Mg2+), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), chloride (Cl−), sulphate (SO42−), nitrate (NO3−), and fluoride (F−). Results revealed that 51% and 71% of groundwater has more than the maximum acceptable limits of fluoride (1.5 mg/L) and nitrate concentrations (45 mg/L), respectively, thus making the groundwater unsuitable for drinking purpose. Data plotted in Gibbs diagram reveal that the groundwater chemistry is primarily controlled by rock-water interaction. According to water quality index (WQI), 60% and 36% of groundwater samples fall in excellent and good categories for drinking purpose. A majority of groundwater samples fall in deep meteoric percolation and Na+-SO42− types, but most belong to Ca2+–Mg2+–HCO3−, Na+–HCO3− facies, and few are of Ca2+–Mg2+–Cl− and Na+–Cl− facies. 90% of groundwater in the study region is well suitable for irrigation. It is advised that groundwater with high fluoride and nitrate concentration should be avoided for drinking purposes.

216 citations

Cites background from "Contamination of fluoride in ground..."

  • ...…have focussed on groundwater quality studies for various usages in India (Adimalla and Venkatayogi 2018; Adimalla et al. 2018a; Narsimha and Rajitha 2018; Narsimha 2018; Narsimha and Sudarshan 2013, 2017a, 2017b, 2018a, 2018b; Chetan et al. 2017; Subba Rao et al. 2012; Sudhakar and Narsimha 2013)....

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  • ...Gibbs diagram is widely used in many regions to identify the major controlling factors on groundwater chemistry (Adimalla et al. 2018a; Dişli 2017; Adimalla and Venkatayogi 2018; 2017; Narsimha and Sudarshan 2017a, b; Kouakou et al. 2017; Li et al. 2016b)....

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  • ...In the world, approximately 200 million people suffer from fluorosis, with 66 million in India including 6 million children (Adimalla and Venkatayogi 2018; Narsimha and Sudarshan 2017a, b, 2018a, b; Adimalla et al. 2018a, b)....

    [...]

Journal Article•DOI•
Fluoride contamination, health problems and remediation methods in Asian groundwater: A comprehensive review.

[...]

Krishna Kumar Yadav1, Sandeep Kumar2, Quoc Bao Pham3, Neha Gupta1, Shahabaldin Rezania4, Hesam Kamyab5, Shalini Yadav, Jan Vymazal6, Vinit Kumar1, Doan Quang Tri7, Amirreza Talaiekhozani, Shiv Prasad2, Lisa M. Reece8, Neeraja Singh9, Pradip Kumar Maurya, Jinwoo Cho4 •
Bundelkhand University1, Indian Agricultural Research Institute2, National Cheng Kung University3, Sejong University4, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia5, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague6, Virginia Tech College of Natural Resources and Environment7, University of Texas Medical Branch8, University of Delhi9
30 Oct 2019-Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
TL;DR: Different methods to remove fluoride from water such as reverse osmosis, electrocoagulation, nanofiltration, adsorption, ion-exchange and precipitation/coagulating were introduced in this study.

210 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Occurrence, health risks, and geochemical mechanisms of fluoride and nitrate in groundwater of the rock-dominant semi-arid region, Telangana State, India

[...]

Narsimha Adimalla1, Peiyue Li1•
Chang'an University1
17 Feb 2019-Human and Ecological Risk Assessment
TL;DR: In this article, 105 groundwater samples were collected in rock-dominant semi-arid (RD) regions of the world, and they were used to study the impact of high contaminated groundwater on human health and constrain the economic development of a country.
Abstract: Highly contaminated groundwater can affect the human health and constrain the economic development of a country. For this study 105 groundwater samples were collected in rock-dominant semi-arid (RD...

209 citations

Cites background or methods from "Contamination of fluoride in ground..."

  • ...Now 21 states and approximately 66 million people in India have been reported to be suffering from deadly disease of fluorosis (Narsimha and Sudarshan 2017b; Adimalla et al. 2018a)....

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  • ...Gibbs diagram has been widely used in many studies all over the world to identify the main mechanisms of groundwater chemistry (Li et al. 2016a, b; Adimalla and Venkatayogi 2017, 2018; Narsimha and Sudarshan 2017a, b; Adimalla et al. 2018a)....

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  • ...…have been carried out in arid and semi-arid regions in the world (Adimalla et al. 2018a, b, c; Faisal et al. 2017; Adimalla and Venkatayogi 2017; Narsimha and Sudarshan 2017a, b; Ngatcha and Daira 2010; Gates et al. 2008; Narsimha 2018; Lafthouhi et al. 2003; Li et al. 2014a, 2018d; Wu et al.…...

    [...]

  • ...…in crystalline hard rocks terrains in the study region and its solubility is higher than other fluoride bearing minerals like apatite, biotite, and hornblende (Apambire et al. 1997; Handa 1975; Adimalla and Venkatayogi 2017; 2018; Ayoob and Gupta 2006; Narsimha and Sudarshan 2017a, b; 2018a, b)....

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  • ...Hot climate condition, weathering of rocks, and high hydrogen ion concentration may trigger the rock weathering dominance process in hard terrain of the world (Narsimha and Sudarshan 2017b; 2013)....

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"Contamination of fluoride in ground..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...Discussion To understand the chemical characteristics of groundwater in the hard rock aquifers of Siddipet, groundwater samples were plotted in Piper trilinear diagram (Piper 1944; Fig....

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"Contamination of fluoride in ground..." refers background in this paper

  • ...HCO3 -) as a function of TDS, which is widely used to assess the functional sources of dissolved chemical constituents, such as precipitation dominance, rock dominance, and evaporation dominance (Gibbs 1970; Fig....

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Global chemical weathering of surficial rocks estimated from river dissolved loads

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"Contamination of fluoride in ground..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Na/Cl ratio is found greater than one in all groups indicating that the Na is released from silicate weathering reactions (Meybeck 1987)....

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  • .../Cl- ratio is found greater than one in all groups indicating that the Na is released from silicate weathering reactions (Meybeck 1987)....

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Journal Article•DOI•
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Robert F. Stallard, John M. Edmond
20 Nov 1983-Journal of Geophysical Research
TL;DR: In the Amazon Basin, substrate lithology and erosional regime (seen in terms of transport-limited and weathering-limited denudation) exert the most fundamental control on the chemistry of surface waters within a catchment.
Abstract: In the Amazon Basin, substrate lithology and erosional regime (seen in terms of transport-limited and weathering-limited denudation) exert the most fundamental control on the chemistry of surface waters within a catchment. Secondary effects, such as the precipitation of salts within soils and in stream beds, biological uptake and release, and cyclic salt inputs, are more difficult to discern. Samples can be separated into four principal groupings based on relationships between total cation charge (TZ+) and geology. (1) Rivers with 0 3000 μeq/l drain massive evaporites. These rivers are rich in Na and Cl. In the third and fourth categories, rivers tend to have 1:1 (equivalent) ratios of Na:Cl and (Ca+Mg):(alkalinity+SO4), caused primarily by the weathering of carbonates and evaporites. Supplement available with entire article on microfiche. Order from the American Geophysical Union, 2000 Florida Avenue, N.W., Washington, DC 20009. Document C83-002; $2.50. Payment must accompany order.

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"Contamination of fluoride in ground..." refers background in this paper

  • ...The high concentration of sodium ions among the cationic concentrations reflects rock weathering and/or dissolution of soil salts stored by the influence of evaporation (Stallard and Edmond 1983)....

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Related Papers (5)
Mechanisms Controlling World Water Chemistry

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04 Dec 1970-Science
Ronald J. Gibbs
Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater

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01 Jan 1992
A.E. Greenberg, Lenore S. Clesceri, Andrew D. Eaton
A graphic procedure in the geochemical interpretation of water-analyses

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01 Jun 1944-Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union
Arthur M. Piper
Study and Interpretation of the Chemical Characteristics of Natural Water

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01 Jun 1989
John David Hem
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01 May 1975-Ground Water
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