Journal ArticleDOI
Controlled/living radical polymerization. Atom transfer radical polymerization using multidentate amine ligands
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In this article, three multidentate amines, tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), N,N,NN, N',N' and N'N' were used as new ligands in the copper mediated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene, methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate.Abstract:
Three multidentate amines, tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA), N,N,N‘,N‘,N‘‘-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine (PMDETA) and 1,1,4,7,10,10-hexamethyltriethylenetetramine (HMTETA) have been successfully used as new ligands in the copper mediated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene, methyl acrylate and methyl methacrylate. All the polymerizations were well controlled with a linear increase of molecular weights (Mn) with conversion and relatively low polydispersities throughout the reactions. Compared to the 2,2‘-bipyridine (bipy) based ligands, most multidentate amines are less expensive and the polymerization mixtures are less colored. In particular, the use of the tridentate PMDETA and the tetradentate HMTETA as the ligands resulted in faster polymerization rates for styrene and methyl acrylate than those using bipy as the ligand. This may be in part attributed to the fact that the coordination complexes between copper and the simple amines have lower redox potentials than the copper−bipy co...read more
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Controlled/living radical polymerization: Features, developments, and perspectives
TL;DR: In this article, a review of recent mechanistic developments in the field of controlled/living radical polymerization (CRP) is presented, with particular emphasis on structure-reactivity correlations and "rules" for catalyst selection in ATRP, for chain transfer agent selection in reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, and for the selection of an appropriate mediating agent in stable free radical polymerisation (SFRP), including organic and transition metal persistent radicals.
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Functional polymers by atom transfer radical polymerization
TL;DR: Atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is one of the most successful methods to polymerize styrenes, (meth)acrylates and a variety of other monomers in a controlled fashion, yielding polymers with molecular weights predetermined by the ratio of the concentrations of consumed monomer to introduced initiator and with low polydispersities as discussed by the authors.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Controlled/"living" radical polymerization. atom transfer radical polymerization in the presence of transition-metal complexes
Journal ArticleDOI
Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate with the Carbon Tetrachloride/Dichlorotris- (triphenylphosphine)ruthenium(II)/Methylaluminum Bis(2,6-di-tert-butylphenoxide) Initiating System: Possibility of Living Radical Polymerization
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Controlled Living Radical Polymerization - Halogen Atom-Transfer Radical Polymerization Promoted by a Cu(I)Cu(II) Redox Process
TL;DR: An extension of ATRA to atom transfer radical addition, ATRP, provided a new and efficient way to conduct controlled/living radical polymerization as mentioned in this paper, using a simple alkyl halide, R-X (X = Cl and Br), as an initiator and a transition metal species complexed by suitable ligand(s), M t n /L x, e.g., CuX/2,2'-bipyridine, as a catalyst.
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Controlled/“Living” Radical Polymerization. Kinetics of the Homogeneous Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization of Styrene
TL;DR: The homogeneous atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of styrene using solubilizing 4,4'dialkyl substituted 2,2'bipyridines yielded well-defined polymers with Mw/Mn ≤ 1.10 as mentioned in this paper.
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Polymers with Very Low Polydispersities from Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization
TL;DR: A radical polymerization process that yields well-defined polymers normally obtained only through anionic polymerizations is reported, and has all of the characteristics of a living polymerization.