Cooperative spectrum mobility in heterogeneous opportunistic networks using cognitive radio
26 Oct 2015-pp 402-405
TL;DR: Simulation studies show that the proposed cooperative approach significantly improves the call drop/ block rate, and also results better QoS compared to the non-cooperative approach at the cost of negligible additional message overhead.
Abstract: With the advent of smarter technologies in cellular networks, often the bands used for lower versions remain unoccupied. To utilize that, in this paper, a new paradigm of cognitive radio has been proposed, where the nodes of a self-organized opportunistic ad hoc network act as the secondary users (SU) to use the white spaces of the existing cellular network. Each SU can freely move around, and in a self-organized fashion may collaborate with other neighboring SUs to gather information on the channels assigned to the cells of the primary network for cognitive use of the licensed spectrum with reduced spectrum latency. Simulation studies show that our proposed cooperative approach significantly improves the call drop/ block rate, and also results better QoS compared to the non-cooperative approach at the cost of negligible additional message overhead.
Citations
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01 Jan 2019
TL;DR: The proposed distributed techniques of collaboration among SU’s for channel allocation, eliminate the necessity of any centralized control, and at the same time improve the channel utilization and throughput and to improve the spectrum latency, reinforcement learning technique for better channel estimation.
Abstract: With the advent of smarter technologies in cellular networks, often the bands used for lower versions remain unoccupied. To utilize that, in this work, a new paradigm of cognitive radio has been proposed, where the nodes of a self-organized opportunistic ad hoc network act as the secondary users (SU) to use the white spaces of the existing cellular network. Each SU can freely move around, and in a self-organized fashion may collaborate with other neighboring SUs to gather information of the channels of the primary network for cognitive use of the licensed spectrum. The proposed distributed techniques of collaboration among SU’s for channel allocation, eliminate the necessity of any centralized control, and at the same time improve the channel utilization and throughput. To improve the spectrum latency, we further apply reinforcement learning technique for better channel estimation. Simulation studies show that our proposed approaches significantly improve the call drop/ block rate, and also result better QoS compared to the other existing approaches, at the cost of negligible additional message overhead.
6 citations
Cites methods from "Cooperative spectrum mobility in he..."
...This method is presented and evaluated in our paper [6]....
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TL;DR: An integrated service model having eight classes instead of two for CRAHN to envisage the admission control at Primary User nodes thus reducing overhead on Secondary Users for various applications and proving the efficacy of proposed scheme comparison with CAODV or shortest spectrum aware path routing mechanism is done.
Abstract: Routing in Cognitive Radio Ad Hoc Network (CRAHN) is a challenging task due to limited spectrum availability. To overcome this problem several researchers have proposed various routing schemes based on Quality of Service (QoS) and spectrum availability. These schemes choose a path that gives maximum QoS and spectrum level ignoring the required QoS level for a particular application which may be quite less than the maximum level. Thus, this paper proposes an integrated service model having eight classes instead of two for CRAHN to envisage the admission control at Primary User (PU) nodes thus reducing overhead on Secondary Users (SU) for various applications. The PU node first examines the spectrum availability and then checks whether the received packet can be granted user specific Quality of Service (QoS) or not to support Elastic plus Real Time Applications for (SU) nodes. To prove the efficacy of proposed scheme comparison with Cognitive Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (CAODV) or shortest spectrum aware path routing mechanism is done. The result exhibits that high performance rate for good reliability, low latency and high throughput with fair load distribution among all the nodes of the network.
4 citations
04 Jul 2020
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of an underlay cognitive sensor network (CSN) was investigated and an algorithm through optimizing the transmit power of sensor nodes was proposed to maximize the throughput of CSN.
Abstract: Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have the disadvantages of short lifetime due to the limited energy of the energy storage batteries of the sensor nodes and scarcity of spectrum resources as the number of sensor nodes increasing. Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) can make WSNs solve the problem of short lifetime through sensor nodes harvest energy from radio-frequency (RF) signals. Cognitive radio(CR) can make WSNs solve the problem of the scarcity of spectrum resources through sensor nodes sense and access free licensed spectrum. This paper mainly investigates the performance of an underlay cognitive sensor network (CSN). The sensor nodes in the underlay CSN can communicate with each other through the help of energy harvesting (EH) relay sensor node (RSN) by using amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying protocol. To maximize the throughput of CSN, we propose a algorithm through optimizing the transmit power of sensor nodes. Simulation results show the algorithm is correct and has good performance.
1 citations
11 Dec 2020
TL;DR: In this article, a novel GM-based spectrum allocation scheme is presented based on Grey theory which regards the mobility of cognitive users, which obtains more spectrums with the same parameters.
Abstract: Cognitive radio (CR) technology is proposed to solve the spectrum scarceness problem in future. In this paper, different from the previous researches, we pay attention to the mobile CR highway model chiefly. According to this model, a novel GM-based spectrum allocation scheme is presented based on Grey theory which regards the mobility of cognitive users. Simulation results show that compared with the existing graph-based channel assignment schemes, the new allocation scheme obtains more spectrums with the same parameters.
1 citations
28 Jul 2020
TL;DR: This paper focuses on the events where diabetes patients might have initialized a stroke event, so that the necessity to make the best decision is critic in order to guarantee a fast recover in the short term.
Abstract: In this paper, a surveillance system expected to run in the prospective technology called Internet of Bio-Nano Things is presented. For this end the theory of Cognitive Radio as well as the Machine Learning criteria based on the hypothesis of Tom Mitchell are employed. In addition the Feynman's propagator model is also used. Essentially this paper focuses on the events where diabetes patients might have initialized a stroke event, so that the necessity to make the best decision is critic in order to guarantee a fast recover in the short term. Therefore this paper is focused on the following clinic variables: (i) cardiac pulse, (ii) blood pressure, (iii) glucose, and (iv) cholesterol. When all these variables are fully interconnected among them the full response might very encouraging in those cases where critic and non-critic patients might to anticipate unexpected events against their wellness in the shortest times in comparison with current systems.
1 citations
References
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TL;DR: Recent developments and open research issues in spectrum management in CR networks are presented and four main challenges of spectrum management are discussed: spectrum sensing, spectrum decision, spectrum sharing, and spectrum mobility.
Abstract: Cognitive radio networks will provide high bandwidth to mobile users via heterogeneous wireless architectures and dynamic spectrum access techniques. However, CR networks impose challenges due to the fluctuating nature of the available spectrum, as well as the diverse QoS requirements of various applications. Spectrum management functions can address these challenges for the realization of this new network paradigm. To provide a better understanding of CR networks, this article presents recent developments and open research issues in spectrum management in CR networks. More specifically, the discussion is focused on the development of CR networks that require no modification of existing networks. First, a brief overview of cognitive radio and the CR network architecture is provided. Then four main challenges of spectrum management are discussed: spectrum sensing, spectrum decision, spectrum sharing, and spectrum mobility.
1,722 citations
Additional excerpts
...These four factors introduce time delay termed as spectrum latency which may cause poor QoS of the system....
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01 May 1989
TL;DR: Some heuristic channel-assignment algorithms for cellular systems are described, developed, in part, by suitably adapting some of the ideas previously introduced in heuristic graph-coloring algorithms.
Abstract: Some heuristic channel-assignment algorithms for cellular systems are described. These algorithms have yielded optimal, or near-optimal assignments, in many cases. The channel-assignment problem can be viewed as a generalized graph-coloring problem, and these algorithms have been developed, in part, by suitably adapting some of the ideas previously introduced in heuristic graph-coloring algorithms. The channel-assignment problem is formulated as a minimum-span problem, i.e. a problem wherein the requirement is to find the minimum bandwidth necessary to satisfy a given demand. Examples are presented, and algorithm performance results are discussed. >
242 citations
22 Mar 2007
TL;DR: This work uses hidden Markov models (HMMs) to model and predict the spectrum occupancy of licensed radio bands, and presents the performance of the proposed dynamic spectrum allocation algorithm when the channel state occupancy of primary users are assumed to be Poisson distributed.
Abstract: Cognitive radio networks can be designed to manage the radio spectrum more efficiently by utilizing the spectrum holes in primary users' licensed frequency bands. Recent studies have shown that the radio spectrum is poorly utilized by the licensed users even in urban geographical areas. This spectrum utilization can be improved significantly by making it possible for secondary users (who are not being served by the primary system) to access spectrum holes, i.e., frequency bands not used by licensed users. In this novel work, we use hidden Markov models (HMMs) to model and predict the spectrum occupancy of licensed radio bands. The proposed technique can dynamically select different licensed bands for its own use with significantly less interference from and to the licensed users. It is found that by predicting the duration of spectrum holes of primary users, the CR can utilize them more efficiently by leaving the band, that it currently occupies, before the start of traffic from the primary user of that band. We propose a simple algorithm, called the Markov-based channel prediction algorithm (MCPA), for dynamic spectrum allocation in cognitive radio networks. In this work, we present the performance of our proposed dynamic spectrum allocation algorithm when the channel state occupancy of primary users are assumed to be Poisson distributed. The impact of CR transmission on the licensed users is also presented. It is shown that significant SIR improvements can be achieved using HMM based dynamic spectrum allocation as compared to the traditional CSMA based approach. The results obtained using HMM are very promising and HMM can offer a new paradigm for predicting channel behavior in cognitive radio, an area that has been of much research interest lately.
221 citations
Additional excerpts
...A time series-based characterization and prediction for spectrum occupancy have been proposed in [4]....
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15 Oct 2007
TL;DR: The use of binary time series for spectrum occupancy characterization and prediction is proposed and both deterministic and non-deterministic occupancy schemes are examined.
Abstract: One of the major goals of cognitive radio (CR) is to alleviate the inefficient use of the spectrum. CR can sense the spectrum steadily and gather information about the evolution of the spectrum in time. Spectrum occupancy information can be used for both learning the usage of the spectrum and predicting the future occupancy status. In this study, the use of binary time series for spectrum occupancy characterization and prediction is proposed. Both deterministic and non-deterministic occupancy schemes are examined. Numerical results and discussions are presented.
143 citations
Additional excerpts
...But to maintain freshness of data and to minimize the false alarm probability an intelligent cooperative spectrum sensing algorithm based on a non-parametric Bayesian learning model, namely the hierarchical Dirichlet process is presented in [3]....
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06 Apr 2010
TL;DR: In this article, a cognitive cellular base station cooperates with the TV system to compensate for the interference caused by overlay transmissions, and the performance gains of the proposed overlay approach for both the downlink and uplink of the cellular system are shown.
Abstract: We propose a network architecture that enables spectrum sharing between a primary TV broadcast system and a secondary cellular broadband system. To compensate for the interference caused by overlay transmissions, the cognitive cellular base station cooperates with the TV system. We base our encoding approach on prior theoretical results and demonstrate how the cognition can be enabled in the TV spectrum. We show the performance gains of the proposed overlay approach for both the downlink and uplink of the cellular system. While the proposed approach requires that a cellular base station spends a part of its power to cooperate with the TV system, at the same time, it opens up frequency bands with favorable propagation properties, otherwise unavailable to cellular systems. This approach can thus bring benefits to both cellular and TV network operators in terms of performance and increased capacity.
88 citations
"Cooperative spectrum mobility in he..." refers background in this paper
...For the cellular networks, spectrum mobility has been widely investigated to tackle the exponential data traffic growth in [9], [10]....
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