Coordinated Power Management and Control of Standalone PV-Hybrid System With Modified IWO-Based MPPT
TL;DR: A hybrid MPPT-algorithm integrating of Modified Invasive Weed Optimization and Perturb & Observe technique under rapid weather change and partial shading scenarios for efficient extraction of the maximum power from the standalone PV-based hybrid system is introduced.
Abstract: To augment the photovoltaic (PV) power generation conversion, a maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique plays a very significant role. This article introduces a hybrid MPPT algorithm integrating modified invasive weed optimization (MIWO) and perturb and observe (P&O) technique under the rapid weather change and partial shading scenarios for the efficient extraction of the maximum power from the standalone PV-based hybrid system. MIWO handles the initial stages of MPPT followed by the application of the P&O algorithm at the final stages in view of acquiring the rapid global peak and maximal PV power. The studied microgrid comprises of the PV system, battery, electrolyzer, fuel cell, and load. A coordinated dc-voltage regulation and power management strategy between each subsystem of the hybrid microgrid is implemented to save the battery from the undesirable charging/discharging operation. Additionally, with the monitoring of dc voltage, the dc/dc converter associated with the battery and dc link plays as an MPPT circuit of the PV without the requirement of an extra dedicated circuit. Takagi–Sugeno (TS) fuzzy controller is adopted for suppressing/mitigating the voltage oscillations of the microgrid during the variations in the solar irradiance/temperature and power demand. The results clearly exhibit the superior performance of the proposed methodology compared with some of the existing techniques.
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TL;DR: In this article , a hybrid whale optimization-P&O (WOPO) algorithm was proposed to extract the maximum possible power from photovoltaic (PV)-based water pumping system.
Abstract: Water pumping system (WPS) plays a key role in human civilization, including agriculture, drinking, and industrial usage. To decrease the load demand on grid and provide electrical supply to WPS in rural areas, a locally placed standalone photovoltaic (PV)-based WPS is one of the best feasible solutions. Among many motors, brushless direct current motors (BLDCs) are attractive for WPS due to many advantages. However, integrating batteries to WPS will increase the cost and required maintenance, which will not be affordable for farmers. Hence, PV-fed BLDC motor-based WPS without battery is considered and implemented sensorless speed controller with sliding mode controller (SMC) in this article. Generally, power generated by PV systems will be affected by partial shading condition (PSC) and unable to produce maximum availability power due to failure of the conventional perturbed and observe (P&O) algorithm. In order to overcome this condition, a whale optimization algorithm (WOA) has been integrated to the conventional P&O algorithm in this article. A hybrid whale optimization–P&O (WOPO) algorithm can effectively work to extract the maximum possible power from PV during both PSC and normal condition. The results are compared with genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), and gray wolf optimization (GWO) for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) under PSC. In order to reduce the cost of system, the inverter is also working as an MPPT device for the PV system by integrating the WOPO algorithm with SMC of inverter. Hence, an extra dc–dc converter will not be required for MPPT. Extensive results are presented with OPAL-RT to validate the proposed system under both steady-state and transient conditions. In addition to this, dSPACE-based hardware results are also presented in this article to validate the proposed system.
24 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the analysis of different components of a grid-linked hybrid energy system (HES) comprising a photovoltaic (PV) system is presented in this work, which represents a great power management technique for a PV system with Li-ion batteries and supercapacitor (SC) HESS.
Abstract: The analysis of different components of a grid-linked hybrid energy system (HES) comprising a photovoltaic (PV) system is presented in this work. Due to the increase of the population and industries, power consumption is increasing every day. Due to environmental issues, traditional power plants alone are insufficient to supply customer demand. In this case, the most important thing is to discover another approach to meet customer demands. Most wealthy countries are now concentrating their efforts on developing sustainable materials and investing considerable amounts of money in product development. Wind, solar, fuel cells, and hydro/water resources are among the most environmentally benign renewable sources. To control the variability of PV generation, this sort of application necessitates the usage of energy storage systems (ESSs). Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are the most often used ESSs; however, they have a short lifespan due to the applied stress. Hybrid energy storage systems (HESSs) started to evolve as a way to decrease the pressure on Li-ion batteries and increase their lifetime. This study represents a great power management technique for a PV system with Li-ion batteries and supercapacitor (SC) HESS based on an artificial neural network. The effectiveness of the suggested power management technique is demonstrated and validated using a conventional PV system. Computational models with short-term and long-term durations were used to illustrate their effectiveness. The findings reveal that Li-ion battery dynamical stress and peak value are reduced, resulting in longer battery life.
11 citations
TL;DR: In this article , a bio-inspired roach infestation optimization (RIO) algorithm is proposed to extract the maximum power from the PV system (PVS), and the results demonstrated that the RIO-based MPPT performs remarkably in tracking with high accuracy as the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) based MPPT.
Abstract: Of all the renewable energy sources, solar photovoltaic (PV) power is estimated to be a popular source due to several advantages such as its free availability, absence of rotating parts, integration to building such as rooftops, and less maintenance cost. The nonlinear current-voltage (I–V) characteristics and power generated from a PV array primarily depend on solar insolation/irradiation and panel temperature. The extracted PV output power is influenced by the accuracy with which the nonlinear power–voltage (P–V) characteristic curve is traced by the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) controller. In this paper, a bio-inspired roach infestation optimization (RIO) algorithm is proposed to extract the maximum power from the PV system (PVS). To validate the usefulness of the RIO MPPT algorithm, MATLAB/Simulink simulations are performed under varying environmental conditions, for example, step changes in solar irradiance, and partial shading of the PV array. Furthermore, the search performance of the RIO algorithm is examined on different unconstrained benchmark functions, and it is that realized that the RIO algorithm has improved convergence characteristics in terms of finding the optimal solution than Particle swarm optimization (PSO). The results demonstrated that the RIO-based MPPT performs remarkably in tracking with high accuracy as the PSO-based MPPT.
10 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors proposed a global maximum power point tracking (global-MPPT) algorithm, which eliminates the perturbation and observation (P&O) technique disturbance problem that the power point will be stuck at the local peak power point under a partial shading condition (PSC).
Abstract: This research proposed a novel global maximum power point tracking (global-MPPT) algorithm. The proposed algorithm eliminates the perturbation and observation (P&O) technique disturbance problem that the power point will be stuck at the local peak power point under a partial shading condition (PSC). The proposed global-MPPT algorithm detects the photovoltaic module (PV-M) environment irradiance level by the relationship between the output power and voltage of the PV-M. In the proposed algorithm, the important parameter w is determined by the PV-M output power and irradiance level, which is also the compensation parameter that corresponds to the relationship of temperature. The proposed global-MPPT algorithm is aimed to predict the best duty cycle of the global-MPPT based on the irradiance level, parameter w, PV-M output voltage, and load, and then achieve the maximum power point (MPP) quickly and accurately. The measurement results under UIC and PSC verify that the proposed global-MPPT technique performs better than the particle swarm optimization (PSO) and P&O techniques. This research contributes to the proposed method that can find the global-MPP in time based on the irradiance level, temperature, and load.
6 citations
References
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TL;DR: Simulation and hardware implementation of incremental conductance maximum power point tracking (MPPT) used in solar array power systems with direct control method and results indicate the feasibility and improved functionality of the system.
Abstract: This paper presents simulation and hardware implementation of incremental conductance (IncCond) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) used in solar array power systems with direct control method. The main difference of the proposed system to existing MPPT systems includes elimination of the proportional-integral control loop and investigation of the effect of simplifying the control circuit. Contributions are made in several aspects of the whole system, including converter design, system simulation, controller programming, and experimental setup. The resultant system is capable of tracking MPPs accurately and rapidly without steady-state oscillation, and also, its dynamic performance is satisfactory. The IncCond algorithm is used to track MPPs because it performs precise control under rapidly changing atmospheric conditions. MATLAB and Simulink were employed for simulation studies, and Code Composer Studio v3.1 was used to program a TMS320F2812 digital signal processor. The proposed system was developed and tested successfully on a photovoltaic solar panel in the laboratory. Experimental results indicate the feasibility and improved functionality of the system.
974 citations
"Coordinated Power Management and Co..." refers background in this paper
...The PV cell is designated as a current-source in parallel with a diode [23-25]....
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TL;DR: In this paper, the main results of studies that have been carried out, during a period of more than a decade, at University of Pisa in co-operation with other technical Italian institutions, about models of electrochemical batteries suitable for the use of the electrical engineer, in particular for the analysis of electrical systems with batteries.
Abstract: This paper documents the main results of studies that have been carried out, during a period of more than a decade, at University of Pisa in co-operation with other technical Italian institutions, about models of electrochemical batteries suitable for the use of the electrical engineer, in particular for the analysis of electrical systems with batteries. The problem of simulating electrochemical batteries by means of equivalent electric circuits is defined in a general way; then particular attention is then devoted to the problem of modeling of lead-acid batteries. For this kind of battery, a general model structure is defined from which specific models can be inferred, having different degrees of complexity and simulation quality. In particular, the implementation of the third-order model, that shows a good compromise between complexity and precision, is developed in detail. The behavior of the proposed models is compared with results obtained with extensive lab tests on different types of lead-acid batteries.
592 citations
"Coordinated Power Management and Co..." refers methods in this paper
...The electrochemical model of lead-acid battery is realized using a voltage-controlled source with constant resistance [26-27]....
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TL;DR: A deterministic particle swarm optimization to improve the maximum power point tracking capability for photovoltaic system under partial shading condition by removing the random number in the accelerations factor of the conventional PSO velocity equation is proposed.
Abstract: This paper proposes a deterministic particle swarm optimization to improve the maximum power point tracking (MPPT) capability for photovoltaic system under partial shading condition. The main idea is to remove the random number in the accelerations factor of the conventional PSO velocity equation. Additionally, the maximum change in velocity is restricted to a particular value, which is determined based on the critical study of P-V characteristics during partial shading. Advantages of the method include: 1) consistent solution is achieved despite a small number of particles, 2) only one parameter, i.e., the inertia weight, needs to be tuned, and 3) the MPPT structure is much simpler compared to the conventional PSO. To evaluate the idea, the algorithm is implemented on a buck-boost converter and compared to the conventional hill climbing (HC) MPPT method. Simulation results indicate that the proposed method outperforms the HC method in terms of global peak tracking speed and accuracy under various partial shading conditions. Furthermore, it is tested using the measured data of a tropical cloudy day, which includes rapid movement of the passing clouds and partial shading. Despite the wide fluctuations in array power, the average efficiency for the 10-h test profile reaches 99.5%.
521 citations
"Coordinated Power Management and Co..." refers background or methods in this paper
...In the meantime, with the aim of overcoming the limitations of conventional MPPT techniques, various artificial intelligence MPPT techniques have been proposed by the researches, especially in the highly intermittent environmental conditions [6-15]....
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...The simulated annealing with PSO (SA-PSO) [7], GWO-FLC [12], PSO-P&O [13], GWO-P&O [14], Jaya algorithm with differential evolution (Jaya-DE) [15] and adaptive Neuro-fuzzy inference systemPSO (ANFIS-PSO) [16] are such few examples....
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...However, the abovementioned singly used soft computing techniques have enhanced multi-peak global MPPT capability as compared to the conventional techniques [7, 12-14]....
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...These include fuzzy logic control (FLC) [6], Artificial neural network (ANN), Particle swarm optimization (PSO), Firefly algorithm (FA), Ant colony optimization (ACO), Flower pollination algorithm (FPA), Bat algorithm, Jaya algorithm and Grey wolf optimization (GWO), [7-12], etc....
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...In this perspective, different MPPT techniques are reported in improving the power conversion MPPT-efficiency of the PV system [3-10]....
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11 May 2017
TL;DR: The power-conversion and control technologies used for DPGSs are reviewed, the impacts of the DPGs on the distributed grid are examined, and more importantly, strategies for enhancing the connection and protection of the BES are discussed.
Abstract: Continuously expanding deployments of distributed power-generation systems (DPGSs) are transforming the conventional centralized power grid into a mixed distributed electrical network. The modern power grid requires flexible energy utilization but presents challenges in the case of a high penetration degree of renewable energy, among which wind and solar photovoltaics are typical sources. The integration level of the DPGS into the grid plays a critical role in developing sustainable and resilient power systems, especially with highly intermittent renewable energy resources. To address the challenging issues and, more importantly, to leverage the energy generation, stringent demands from both utility operators and consumers have been imposed on the DPGS. Furthermore, as the core of energy conversion, numerous power electronic converters employing advanced control techniques have been developed for the DPGS to consolidate the integration. In light of the above, this paper reviews the power-conversion and control technologies used for DPGSs. The impacts of the DPGS on the distributed grid are also examined, and more importantly, strategies for enhancing the connection and protection of the DPGS are discussed.
399 citations
"Coordinated Power Management and Co..." refers background in this paper
..., fault and large change in load) when Vdc goes beyond its safety limits [17-18]....
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..., THD level lower than 5%) in the proposed controller [17, 33]....
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TL;DR: In this article, a modified P&O was proposed to reduce the steady-state oscillation and mitigate the probability of losing the tracking direction of the perturb and observed (P&O)-based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for PV system.
Abstract: This paper proposes a method to reduce the steady-state oscillation and to mitigate the probability of losing the tracking direction of the perturb and observed (P&O)-based maximum power point tracking (MPPT) for PV system. The modified scheme retains the conventional P&O structure, but with a unique technique to dynamically alter the perturbation size. At the same time, a dynamic boundary condition is introduced to ensure that the algorithm will not diverge from its tracking locus. The modified P&O is simulated in MATLAB Simulink and its performance is benchmarked using the standard MPPT efficiency ${{\boldsymbol{\eta }}_{MPPT}}$ calculation. Furthermore, the proposed concept is validated experimentally using a buck-boost converter, fed by a solar PV array simulator (PVAS). Based on the EN 50530 dynamic irradiance tests, the proposed method achieved an average ${{\boldsymbol{\eta }}_{MPPT}}$ almost 1.1% higher than the conventional P&O when irradiance changes slowly and about 12% higher under fast change of irradiance.
320 citations
"Coordinated Power Management and Co..." refers background or methods in this paper
...The efficacy of an MPPT-algorithm is benchmarked using the MPPT efficiency (ηMPPT) equation as follows [5]:...
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...The hill-climbing (HC) method [3], incremental conductance (IC) [4], and perturb and observe (P&O) [5] are the most popular conventional MPPT techniques....
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...In this perspective, different MPPT techniques are reported in improving the power conversion MPPT-efficiency of the PV system [3-10]....
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