Coordinated reactive power and crow bar control for DFIG-based wind turbines for power oscillation damping:
TL;DR: In this article, the fault ride through capability and fast controller action makes doubly fed induction generator based wind energy conversion system to actively participate in power oscillation damping, which makes it more robust to faults.
Abstract: The fault ride through capability and fast controller action makes doubly fed induction generator based wind energy conversion system to actively participate in power oscillation damping. This arti...
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TL;DR: It is very difficult to design a stabilizer that could present good performance in all operating points of the electric power system and numerous techniques have been proposed.
Abstract: The power system is a dynamic and highly integrated system. Due to the large scale interconnections and highly nonlinear systems that operate in an uncertain environment where load, generator output, and operating parameter change continuously. So that it is constantly being subjected to low-frequency oscillation due to disturbance. These low-frequency oscillations cause a loss of synchronism and a breakdown of the entire system. The main function of the automatic voltage regulator is to monitor the output voltage of the generator and continuously maintain the constant terminal voltage of generator and hence it improves the transient stability of the power system. A power system stabilizer is used to generate a supplementary control signal for the excitation system in order to damp the low-frequency oscillation. The traditional solution to this problem is the application of a conventional power system stabilizer. The conventional power system stabilizer which uses lead-lag compensation where the gain setting design for the specific operating conditions is giving poor performance under different loading conditions. It is very difficult to design a stabilizer that could present good performance in all operating points of the electric power system. To overcome the drawback of the conventional power system stabilizer numerous techniques have been proposed. When the effect of power system stabilizers in damping of low-frequency oscillations in a multi-machine power system with different load combinations. If various load models considered are constant impedance load, a mixture of constant impedance, and constant current load and mixture of constant impedance and constant power load. The fuzzy logic power system stabilizer for stability enhancement of multi-machine power system. In order to accomplish the stability enhancement, speed deviation, and acceleration of the rotor of the synchronous generator of the multi-machine power system were taken as the input to the fuzzy logic controller.
2 citations
1 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the inclusion of the latest generation of semiconductor switches in today's wind farms allows high-frequency pulse width modulation, and when the cable that connects the power inverter to the rotor of a wind turbine is connected, it can be seen that high frequency modulation can be achieved.
Abstract: The inclusion of the latest generation of semiconductor switches in today’s wind farms allows high-frequency pulse width modulation. When the cable that connects the power inverter to the rotor of ...
1 citations
Cites background from "Coordinated reactive power and crow..."
...Among generators, the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) is widely used in wind farms because of its advantages and characteristics when compared with fixed-speed induction machines (Simon et al., 2019)....
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TL;DR: In this paper , the Sine-Cosine Algorithm (RSCA) is used to explore the stability threshold for a stable system under dynamic nonlinear operating conditions, which is achieved with the infusion of suitable mathematical functions for optimizing the parameters of Power System Stabilizers and Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) system-based oscillation dampers.
Abstract: The mapping of damping ratios and damping factors by Sine-Cosine Algorithm (SCA) is significant in the analysis of low frequency oscillations generated in an integrated network having multiple conventional and renewable energy sources. Multiple random models with unknown search spaces and uncertain conditions and constraints, which incorporate the fluctuation of solutions towards or outwards at the initial stage for solving real-time problems can be analyzed by a revamped sine-cosine algorithm (RSCA) model. In this paper, the SCA has been revamped to explore the stability threshold for a stable system under dynamic nonlinear operating conditions. It is achieved with the infusion of suitable mathematical functions for optimizing the parameters of Power System Stabilizers (PSSs) and Doubly Fed Induction Generator (DFIG) system-based oscillation dampers to enhance the Small Signal Stability of power systems through effective damping of low-frequency oscillations (LFOs). These LFOs weaken the effective power generation and demand management cycle in conventional power systems when the system faces conditions like intermittent renewable energy sources, overloading conditions, impulsive faults etc. The small-signal and transient stability studies for various disturbances and different operating conditions are investigated, and the performance of the proposed RSCA for optimized parameter tuning of system stabilizers and oscillation dampers are analyzed on the modified benchmarking systems with wind generators using MATLAB Ⓡ simulations. The efficiency and robustness of the proposed algorithm has been verified under selective critical operating conditions, line outages, and load uncertainties to prove that the low frequency modes are damped with an elevated positive damping ratio and rapid settling time with reduced oscillations. The application of system stabilizers and oscillation dampers optimized through the proposed RSCA shows a reduced settling time in the LFOs created and improved damping ratio of 0.22 for an increase in 20% loading and 50% of wind power generation in the case study of Two Area Four Machine System.
TL;DR: Autonomous wind systems are becoming promising since they provide new and innovative solutions to non-electrified areas as discussed by the authors. But start-up procedures for this wind systems requires some care to ensure elect...
Abstract: Autonomous wind systems are becoming promising since they provide new and innovative solutions to non-electrified areas. Start-up procedures for this wind systems requires some care to ensure elect...
References
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01 May 1996
TL;DR: The paper describes the engineering and design of a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), using back-to-back PWM voltage-source converters in the rotor circuit, which results in independent control of active and reactive power drawn the supply, while ensuring sinusoidal supply currents.
Abstract: The paper describes the engineering and design of a doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), using back-to-back PWM voltage-source converters in the rotor circuit. A vector-control scheme for the supply-side PWM converter results in independent control of active and reactive power drawn the supply, while ensuring sinusoidal supply currents. Vector control of the rotor-connected converter provides for wide speed-range operation; the vector scheme is embedded in control loops which enable optimal speed tracking for maximum energy capture from the wind. An experimental rig, which represents a 7.5 kW variable speed wind-energy generation system is described, and experimental results are given that illustrate the excellent performance characteristics of the system. The paper considers a grid-connected system; a further paper will describe a stand-alone system.
2,618 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that adjustable speed generators for wind turbines are necessary when output power becomes higher than 1.5 MW, e.g., for off-shore applications.
Abstract: This article shows that adjustable speed generators for wind turbines are necessary when output power becomes higher than 1 MW. The doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) system presented in this article offers many advantages to reduce cost and has the potential to be built economically at power levels above 1.5 MW, e.g., for off-shore applications. A dynamic model of the DFIG was derived to develop a vector controller to decouple dynamically active and reactive power control. Simulations show excellent response of the DFIG independent of speed. Measurements obtained from 1.5 MW units currently in operation confirm the theoretical results.
1,827 citations
"Coordinated reactive power and crow..." refers methods in this paper
...The DFIG is modeled in synchronous reference frame (d-q) for the independent control of active and reactive power (Hassan et al., 2011; Muller et al., 2002)....
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Book•
01 Jan 1992
TL;DR: The model structures presented are intended to facilitate the use of field test data as a means of obtaining model parameters and do not represent all of the control loops on any particular system.
Abstract: Excitation system models suitable for use in large-scale system stability studies are presented. Important limiters and supplementary controls are also included. The model structures presented are intended to facilitate the use of field test data as a means of obtaining model parameters. The models are, however, reduced order models and do not represent all of the control loops on any particular system. The models are valid for frequency deviations of ±5% from rated frequency and oscillation frequencies up to 3 Hz. These models would not normally be adequate for use in studies of subsynchronous resonance or other shaft torsional interaction problems. Delayed protective and control features that may come into play in long term dynamic performance studies are not represented. A sample set of data for each of the models, for at least one particular application, is provided.
889 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a solution is described that makes it possible for wind turbines using doubly-fed induction generators to stay connected to the grid during grid faults by limiting the high current in the rotor in order to protect the converter and to provide a bypass for this current via a set of resistors that are connected to rotor windings.
Abstract: In this paper, a solution is described that makes it possible for wind turbines using doubly-fed induction generators to stay connected to the grid during grid faults. The key of the solution is to limit the high current in the rotor in order to protect the converter and to provide a bypass for this current via a set of resistors that are connected to the rotor windings. With these resistors, it is possible to ride through grid faults without disconnecting the turbine from the grid. Because the generator and converter stay connected, the synchronism of operation remains established during and after the fault and normal operation can be continued immediately after the fault has been cleared. An additional feature is that reactive power can be supplied to the grid during long dips in order to facilitate voltage restoration. A control strategy has been developed that takes care of the transition back to normal operation. Without special control action, large transients would occur.
879 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a detailed account of analytical work carried out to determine the parameters of power system stabilizers (PSS) for the Darlington nuclear generating station presently under construction in eastern Ontario is presented.
Abstract: This paper provides a detailed account of analytical work carried out to determine the parameters of power system stabilizers (PSS) for the Darlington nuclear generating station presently under construction in eastern Ontario. The results presented are, however, of general interest and provide a comprehensive analysis of the effects of the different stabilizer parameters on the overall dynamic performance of the power system. They show how stabilizer settings may be selected so as to enhance the steady-state and transient stability of local plant modes as well as inter-area modes in large interconnected systems. In addition, it is shown that the selected parameters result in satisfactory performance during system islanding conditions, when large frequency excursions are experienced. Darlington GS, when completed by 1992, will comprise four 1100 MVA, 0.85 p.f., 1800 RPM turbine generators with "CANDU-PHW" reactors, moderated and cooled by heavy water. The station will be incorporated into the 500 kV network through three double-circuit lines. The units will be equipped with transformer-fed thyristor excitation systems and Delta-P-Omega type PSS [1, 2].
854 citations
"Coordinated reactive power and crow..." refers background in this paper
...The key strategy to improve transient limit of a system is to regulate the first swing of the rotor angle of the synchronous machine (Kundur et al., 1989)....
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