CORONA Satellite Photography and Ancient Road Networks: A Northern Mesopotamian Case Study
Citations
165 citations
Cites background from "CORONA Satellite Photography and An..."
...Farmers, herders and their animals moved across the extensively cultivated plain on local and intersite tracks that are visible in aerial and satellite photographs, and occasionally on the ground (Altaweel 2004; Ur 2003; Wilkinson 1993; Wilkinson 2003, pp. 111-117)....
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Cites background or methods from "CORONA Satellite Photography and An..."
...The Upper Khabur Basin of Hassake Province, northeastern Syria (Fig....
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...As a consequence, in the hollow way network that emerged in the Upper Khabur Basin, it was not geographic centrality that determined the average number of visits a site received from intersite traffic in basin—as expected from a “location only” network (with γ ¼ 0) as traditionally used in spatial analysis (43)—but rather it was the absolute size of the site....
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...Fortunately, we have basic understanding about an extensive pre-modern inter-site transportation network in the Khabur Basin [18]....
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...red lines represent “hollow ways” recorded from CORONA images [18, 19]....
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...This “hollow way” network formed during 2600–2000 B.C., coinciding with a time of intensive settlement activity in the Khabur Basin, and remained visible until modern times....
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References
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"CORONA Satellite Photography and An..." refers background or methods in this paper
...Southeast of Hamoukar, this route connects with an interregional route which runs through Tell al-Samir and Tell Uwaynat toward Nineveh (Wilkinson and Tucker 1995: 26, 54, Figure 24 route E)....
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...However, Wilkinson has demonstrated that these hollow ways run across watersheds, and that they do not have the upcast that would be expected from the necessary maintenance of canal features (Wilkinson and Tucker 1995: 26–27)....
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...More recently, T.J. Wilkinson has mapped hollow ways in Syria, south-eastern Turkey, and northern Iraq, based on aerial photography and topographic maps (Wilkinson 1993, Wilkinson and Tucker 1995)....
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...The initial association of broad hollow ways with Bronze Age tells and narrower hollow ways with Byzantine and Early Islamic sites (Van Liere and Lauffray 1954–55, Wilkinson and Tucker 1995) has been confirmed by ground control in the TBS and THS areas....
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...The fading hollow ways should be understood as leading human traffic to M et ho d agricultural fields but the movement of flocks to pasture beyond the zone of cultivation was probably just as important, possibly more so for the formation of these features (Wilkinson and Tucker 1995: 27–28)....
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"CORONA Satellite Photography and An..." refers background in this paper
...David Kennedy has examined several Turkish sites (Kennedy 1998), and a recent survey project in the Orontes Valley has used them to identify sites, relict field systems, and ancient canals (Phillip et al. 2002)....
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91 citations
"CORONA Satellite Photography and An..." refers background in this paper
...Hollow ways, also called linear hollows or sunken lanes, are broad and shallow linear depressions in the landscape, thought to be formed by the continuous passage of human and animal traffic (Taylor 1979, Tsoar & Yekutieli 1993, Wilkinson 1993)....
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...It appears that the former type acts to capture eroding sediments, while the latter type probably focuses and increases runoff (Wilkinson 1993: 552–54)....
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...More recently, T.J. Wilkinson has mapped hollow ways in Syria, south-eastern Turkey, and northern Iraq, based on aerial photography and topographic maps (Wilkinson 1993, Wilkinson and Tucker 1995)....
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