Correction: Corrigendum: Effect of TREM-1 blockade and single nucleotide variants in experimental renal injury and kidney transplantation
TL;DR: This research presents a novel probabilistic procedure that allows us to assess the importance of knowing the carrier and removal status of canine coronavirus in the context of infectious disease.
Abstract: Scientific Reports 6: Article number: 38275; published online: 08 December 2016; updated: 15 March 2017 The original version of this Article contained errors in the spelling of the authors Alessandra Tammaro, Jesper Kers, Diba Emal, Ingrid Stroo, Gwendoline J. D. Teske, Loes M. Butter, Nike Claessen, Jeffrey Damman, Marc Derive, Gerjan J.
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TL;DR: It is demonstrated that agricultural intensification reduces network complexity and the abundance of keystone taxa in the root microbiome, and this is the first study to report mycorrhizal keystoneTaxa for agroecosystems.
Abstract: Root-associated microbes play a key role in plant performance and productivity, making them important players in agroecosystems. So far, very few studies have assessed the impact of different farming systems on the root microbiota and it is still unclear whether agricultural intensification influences the structure and complexity of microbial communities. We investigated the impact of conventional, no-till, and organic farming on wheat root fungal communities using PacBio SMRT sequencing on samples collected from 60 farmlands in Switzerland. Organic farming harbored a much more complex fungal network with significantly higher connectivity than conventional and no-till farming systems. The abundance of keystone taxa was the highest under organic farming where agricultural intensification was the lowest. We also found a strong negative association (R2 = 0.366; P < 0.0001) between agricultural intensification and root fungal network connectivity. The occurrence of keystone taxa was best explained by soil phosphorus levels, bulk density, pH, and mycorrhizal colonization. The majority of keystone taxa are known to form arbuscular mycorrhizal associations with plants and belong to the orders Glomerales, Paraglomerales, and Diversisporales. Supporting this, the abundance of mycorrhizal fungi in roots and soils was also significantly higher under organic farming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report mycorrhizal keystone taxa for agroecosystems, and we demonstrate that agricultural intensification reduces network complexity and the abundance of keystone taxa in the root microbiome.
573 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the current status of knowledge on atmospheric microplastics, the methods for sample collection, analysis and detection, and the recommendations for atmospheric micro-plastic sampling and measurement are reviewed.
539 citations
TL;DR: This review analyzes recent knowledge on MMPs and their participation in angiogenesis through the modulation of the balance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors and concludes that Matrix metalloproteinases participate in the disruption, tumor neovascularization, and subsequent metastasis.
Abstract: During angiogenesis, new vessels emerge from existing endothelial lined vessels to promote the degradation of the vascular basement membrane and remodel the extracellular matrix (ECM), followed by endothelial cell migration, and proliferation and the new generation of matrix components. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) participate in the disruption, tumor neovascularization, and subsequent metastasis while tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) downregulate the activity of these MMPs. Then, the angiogenic response can be directly or indirectly mediated by MMPs through the modulation of the balance between pro- and anti-angiogenic factors. This review analyzes recent knowledge on MMPs and their participation in angiogenesis.
488 citations
TL;DR: A dynamic modeling approach is presented that estimates climate-driven changes in flood-hazard exposure by integrating the effects of SLR, tides, waves, storms, and coastal change (i.e. beach erosion and cliff retreat) and highlights the importance of including climate-change driven dynamic coastal processes and impacts in both short-term hazard mitigation and long-term adaptation planning.
Abstract: Coastal inundation due to sea level rise (SLR) is projected to displace hundreds of millions of people worldwide over the next century, creating significant economic, humanitarian, and national-security challenges. However, the majority of previous efforts to characterize potential coastal impacts of climate change have focused primarily on long-term SLR with a static tide level, and have not comprehensively accounted for dynamic physical drivers such as tidal non-linearity, storms, short-term climate variability, erosion response and consequent flooding responses. Here we present a dynamic modeling approach that estimates climate-driven changes in flood-hazard exposure by integrating the effects of SLR, tides, waves, storms, and coastal change (i.e. beach erosion and cliff retreat). We show that for California, USA, the world’s 5th largest economy, over $150 billion of property equating to more than 6% of the state’s GDP and 600,000 people could be impacted by dynamic flooding by 2100; a three-fold increase in exposed population than if only SLR and a static coastline are considered. The potential for underestimating societal exposure to coastal flooding is greater for smaller SLR scenarios, up to a seven-fold increase in exposed population and economic interests when considering storm conditions in addition to SLR. These results highlight the importance of including climate-change driven dynamic coastal processes and impacts in both short-term hazard mitigation and long-term adaptation planning.
236 citations
TL;DR: Human stem cell-derived microglia derived from embryonic stem cells integrate into mouse brain, displaying transcriptome signatures of microglIA directly isolated from human brain and providing a chimeric model to study human-specific aspects of Alzheimer’s disease and other brain diseases.
Abstract: Although genetics highlights the role of microglia in Alzheimer’s disease, one-third of putative Alzheimer’s disease risk genes lack adequate mouse orthologs. Here we successfully engraft human microglia derived from embryonic stem cells in the mouse brain. The cells recapitulate transcriptionally human primary microglia ex vivo and show expression of human-specific Alzheimer’s disease risk genes. Oligomeric amyloid-β induces a divergent response in human versus mouse microglia. This model can be used to study the role of microglia in neurological diseases. Human stem cell-derived microglia integrate into mouse brain, displaying transcriptome signatures of microglia directly isolated from human brain and providing a chimeric model to study human-specific aspects of Alzheimer’s disease and other brain diseases.
146 citations