Corrosion Mechanisms for Zinc Exposed to the Atmosphere
About: This article is published in ChemInform.The article was published on 1989-08-15. It has received 58 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Atmosphere & Corrosion.
Citations
More filters
01 Apr 2003
TL;DR: In this article, Brimblecombe et al. studied the effect of air pollution on bricks, concrete, and mortar, and found that bricks were more susceptible to ozone than other materials.
Abstract: Long Term Damage to the Built Environment (P Brimblecombe & D Camuffo) Background Controls on Urban Stone Decay: Lessons from Natural Rock Weathering (B J Smith) Mechanisms of Air Pollution Damage to Stone (C Sabbioni) Mechanisms of Air Pollution Damage to Brick, Concrete and Mortar (T Yates) Salts and Crusts (M Steiger) Organic Pollutants in the Built Environment and Their Effect on the Microorganisms (C Saiz-Jimenez) Air Pollution Damage to Metals (J Tidblad & V Kucera) The Effect of Air Pollution on Glass (J Leissner) The Effects of Ozone on Materials - Experimental Evaluation of the Susceptibility of Polymeric Materials to Ozone (D S Lee et al.) The Soiling of Buildings by Air Pollution (J Watt & R Hamilton) Changes in Soiling Patterns Over Time on the Cathedral of Learning (W Tang et al.) Exposure of Buildings to Pollutants in Urban Areas: A Review of the Contributions from Different Sources (D J Hall et al.) The Whole Building and Patterns of Degradation (R Inkpen).
140 citations
TL;DR: An overview of the present approaches in atmospheric corrosion modeling can be found in this paper, where the first goal of atmospheric corrosion modelling is to provide tools in the understanding and quantification of the processes under the influence of external atmospheric conditions.
Abstract: Abstract A better understanding of corrosion processes during the last years is leading to an increased demand for numerical corrosion models. Corrosion models become increasingly relevant toward simulations, lifetime predictions, and the optimization of corrosion prevention. Also, the improvements in computational power and capacity give rise to an increased number of research projects in this field. Totally different modeling approaches are applied to a wide range of different corrosion processes. This leads to a dispersion of information in the literature. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the present approaches in atmospheric corrosion modeling. In the past, atmospheric corrosion has been modeled based on empirical, historical data. These models provide fitted functions of the corrosion rate or damage as a function of time for different environmental parameters. These methods give no or little information about the underlying physicochemical phenomena that determine the corrosion processes. During the last decade, more and more work has been done on causal approaches. Therefore, the focus will be on these recent advances in atmospheric corrosion modeling. The links will be made to the microscopic models of isolated corrosion phenomena. The examples are crevice corrosion, corrosion under porous layers, and the modeling of local electrochemical methods. Also, some more general, macroscopic approaches will be discussed. These macroscopic approaches will be compared to each other and positioned into the scope of multiscale modeling. The first goal of atmospheric corrosion modeling is to provide tools in the understanding and quantification of the processes under the influence of external atmospheric conditions. These models could reduce the current corrosion assessment methods that essentially rely on empirical models. On a longer term, modeling would aid in optimizing the material selection, structural design, and maintenance management.
48 citations
Cites background from "Corrosion Mechanisms for Zinc Expos..."
...The protection properties of this layer are only limited; detailed studies (de la Fuente, Castaño, & Morcillo, 2007; Graedel, 1989; Syed, 2006) show that the rate of zinc corrosion does not decrease in time....
[...]
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a predictive tool that can link molecular structures with the final component performance to understand how corrosion and the associated processes occur from the molecular level to the component level and how the overall system behavior emerges.
Abstract: Localised corrosion is a cause of unanticipated and sometimes catastrophic failures of equipment, transport vessels and infrastructures. Therefore, the development of modern corrosion-resistant materials and inhibitors by design is both technically and economically attractive. In the coming decades, industrial components will be engineered from molecular structures. This prospect provides the designer with a truly enormous range of choices in design, which is a situation that demands predictive tools that can link molecular structures with the final component performance. In particular, the development of alloys and inhibitors can replace the use of toxic compounds in protecting metal surfaces. To execute a tailored design programme, it is necessary to understand how corrosion and the associated processes occur from the molecular level to the component level and how the overall system behaviour emerges because of the inherent links among different scales. Therefore, in the present work, the litera...
41 citations
TL;DR: Observations of white light interferometer microscope and transmission electron microscope demonstrate that β phase degrades prior to Zn in the alloys, suggesting that biomedical implants made of ZnLi alloys are likely to degrade completely in human body.
36 citations
TL;DR: The Ibero-American Map of Atmospheric Corrosiveness (MICAT) project as mentioned in this paper was set up in 1988 sponsored by the International Iberon-American programme “Science and Technology for Development (CYTED)” and ended in 1994 after six years of activities.
Abstract: The Ibero-American Map of Atmospheric Corrosiveness (MICAT) project was set up in 1988 sponsored by the International Ibero-American programme “Science and Technology for Development (CYTED)” and ended in 1994 after six years of activities. Fourteen countries were involved in this project: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Portugal, Spain, Uruguay, and Venezuela. Research was conducted both at laboratories and in a network of 75 atmospheric exposure test sites throughout the Ibero-American region, thus considering a broad spectrum of climatological and pollution conditions. Although with its own peculiarities, the project basically followed the outline of the ISOCORRAG and ICP/UNECE projects, with the aim of a desirable link between the three projects. This paper summarizes the results obtained in the MICAT project for mild steel, zinc, copper, and aluminum specimens exposed for one year in different rural, urban, and marine atmospheres in the Ibero-American region. Complementary morphological and chemical studies were carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques, in order to correlate climatic and atmospheric conditions and properties of the corrosion products.
35 citations
Cites background from "Corrosion Mechanisms for Zinc Expos..."
...In continued exposure this film is transformed into various other atmospheric corrosion products [51]....
[...]
References
More filters
01 Apr 2003
TL;DR: In this article, Brimblecombe et al. studied the effect of air pollution on bricks, concrete, and mortar, and found that bricks were more susceptible to ozone than other materials.
Abstract: Long Term Damage to the Built Environment (P Brimblecombe & D Camuffo) Background Controls on Urban Stone Decay: Lessons from Natural Rock Weathering (B J Smith) Mechanisms of Air Pollution Damage to Stone (C Sabbioni) Mechanisms of Air Pollution Damage to Brick, Concrete and Mortar (T Yates) Salts and Crusts (M Steiger) Organic Pollutants in the Built Environment and Their Effect on the Microorganisms (C Saiz-Jimenez) Air Pollution Damage to Metals (J Tidblad & V Kucera) The Effect of Air Pollution on Glass (J Leissner) The Effects of Ozone on Materials - Experimental Evaluation of the Susceptibility of Polymeric Materials to Ozone (D S Lee et al.) The Soiling of Buildings by Air Pollution (J Watt & R Hamilton) Changes in Soiling Patterns Over Time on the Cathedral of Learning (W Tang et al.) Exposure of Buildings to Pollutants in Urban Areas: A Review of the Contributions from Different Sources (D J Hall et al.) The Whole Building and Patterns of Degradation (R Inkpen).
140 citations
TL;DR: An overview of the present approaches in atmospheric corrosion modeling can be found in this paper, where the first goal of atmospheric corrosion modelling is to provide tools in the understanding and quantification of the processes under the influence of external atmospheric conditions.
Abstract: Abstract A better understanding of corrosion processes during the last years is leading to an increased demand for numerical corrosion models. Corrosion models become increasingly relevant toward simulations, lifetime predictions, and the optimization of corrosion prevention. Also, the improvements in computational power and capacity give rise to an increased number of research projects in this field. Totally different modeling approaches are applied to a wide range of different corrosion processes. This leads to a dispersion of information in the literature. The aim of this paper is to give an overview of the present approaches in atmospheric corrosion modeling. In the past, atmospheric corrosion has been modeled based on empirical, historical data. These models provide fitted functions of the corrosion rate or damage as a function of time for different environmental parameters. These methods give no or little information about the underlying physicochemical phenomena that determine the corrosion processes. During the last decade, more and more work has been done on causal approaches. Therefore, the focus will be on these recent advances in atmospheric corrosion modeling. The links will be made to the microscopic models of isolated corrosion phenomena. The examples are crevice corrosion, corrosion under porous layers, and the modeling of local electrochemical methods. Also, some more general, macroscopic approaches will be discussed. These macroscopic approaches will be compared to each other and positioned into the scope of multiscale modeling. The first goal of atmospheric corrosion modeling is to provide tools in the understanding and quantification of the processes under the influence of external atmospheric conditions. These models could reduce the current corrosion assessment methods that essentially rely on empirical models. On a longer term, modeling would aid in optimizing the material selection, structural design, and maintenance management.
48 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors propose a predictive tool that can link molecular structures with the final component performance to understand how corrosion and the associated processes occur from the molecular level to the component level and how the overall system behavior emerges.
Abstract: Localised corrosion is a cause of unanticipated and sometimes catastrophic failures of equipment, transport vessels and infrastructures. Therefore, the development of modern corrosion-resistant materials and inhibitors by design is both technically and economically attractive. In the coming decades, industrial components will be engineered from molecular structures. This prospect provides the designer with a truly enormous range of choices in design, which is a situation that demands predictive tools that can link molecular structures with the final component performance. In particular, the development of alloys and inhibitors can replace the use of toxic compounds in protecting metal surfaces. To execute a tailored design programme, it is necessary to understand how corrosion and the associated processes occur from the molecular level to the component level and how the overall system behaviour emerges because of the inherent links among different scales. Therefore, in the present work, the litera...
41 citations
TL;DR: Observations of white light interferometer microscope and transmission electron microscope demonstrate that β phase degrades prior to Zn in the alloys, suggesting that biomedical implants made of ZnLi alloys are likely to degrade completely in human body.
36 citations
TL;DR: The Ibero-American Map of Atmospheric Corrosiveness (MICAT) project as mentioned in this paper was set up in 1988 sponsored by the International Iberon-American programme “Science and Technology for Development (CYTED)” and ended in 1994 after six years of activities.
Abstract: The Ibero-American Map of Atmospheric Corrosiveness (MICAT) project was set up in 1988 sponsored by the International Ibero-American programme “Science and Technology for Development (CYTED)” and ended in 1994 after six years of activities. Fourteen countries were involved in this project: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Portugal, Spain, Uruguay, and Venezuela. Research was conducted both at laboratories and in a network of 75 atmospheric exposure test sites throughout the Ibero-American region, thus considering a broad spectrum of climatological and pollution conditions. Although with its own peculiarities, the project basically followed the outline of the ISOCORRAG and ICP/UNECE projects, with the aim of a desirable link between the three projects. This paper summarizes the results obtained in the MICAT project for mild steel, zinc, copper, and aluminum specimens exposed for one year in different rural, urban, and marine atmospheres in the Ibero-American region. Complementary morphological and chemical studies were carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques, in order to correlate climatic and atmospheric conditions and properties of the corrosion products.
35 citations