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Proceedings ArticleDOI

Corrosion of mild steel and 316L austenitic stainless steel with different surface roughness in sodium chloride saline solutions

TL;DR: In this article, the corrosion behavior of mild steel and 316L austenitic stainless steel was investigated in a saline solution containing 1 and 3% NaCl, with surface roughness of 200, 600 grit emery paper and 1μm diamond paste.
Abstract: The corrosion behaviour of mild steel and 316L austenitic stainless steel was investigated in saline solution containing 1 and 3%NaCl. Specimens with surface roughness of 200, 600 grit emery paper and 1μm diamond paste were investigated. The anodic polarization measurement technique was performed at a scan rate of 1mV/s for a fixed period of 1 hour. The experimental results revealed that chloride ions have a significant effect on the corrosion behaviour of both steels as expected. As the surface roughness of 316L stainless steel increased, the breakdown potential (Ebreak), the free corrosion potential (Ecorr) and the width of passivity decreased, hence the corrosion rate increased. However, in the case of mild steel specimens, improving surface finish lead to shifts in the corrosion potential to more noble states and increased the corrosion rate. Metallographic examination of corroded specimens after electrochemical corrosion tests confirmed that the breakdown of the passive region was due to pitting corrosion.

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Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a 3D peridynamic model for pitting corrosion damage in stainless steel in 3D, with autonomous formation of lacy covers, is introduced, based on simple mechanistic views of passivation, salt-layer presence, and passive film rupture.

70 citations

Proceedings ArticleDOI
15 Nov 2013
TL;DR: In this article, surface roughness of the metal surface is a major influence on general corrosion, nucleation of metastable pitting and pitting potential as well, and different surface roughnesses were created on nickel surface by SiC papers and corrosion properties were compared.
Abstract: There are different parameters which can affect electrochemical reactions such as type of electrolyte, velocity, temperature, oxidizing agents, impurities, anode material type and surface treatment. It has been shown that pre-treatment of working electrode (anode) through abrasion techniques is one of the most important parameters affecting on Tafel slopes and consequently corrosion rate. Surface roughness of the metal surface is a major influence on general corrosion, nucleation of metastable pitting and pitting potential as well.In this study different surface roughnesses were created on nickel surface by SiC papers and corrosion properties were compared. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and profilometry tests were carried out on all the samples and the results were compared with another sample prepared through laser ablation method. Corrosion rate values were calculated and were compared with EIS results for all the samples and a trend in the effect of roughness on corrosion protection of nickel was introduced. SEM and 3D roughness images were taken and compared for all of the samples before and after corrosion tests. Different mechanisms were distinguished for samples created through different methods. The lower the roughness values, the more the corrosion resistance. Sample with patterns created through laser ablation method showed the best protection properties compared to other samples.Copyright © 2013 by ASME

50 citations


Cites background from "Corrosion of mild steel and 316L au..."

  • ...mild steel [14] and AE44 magnesium alloy [7]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of different types of surface finishes to stainless steel of quality AISI 304 on the corrosion properties of this steel was investigated, and electrochemical tests were performed on different surface finishes in two different environments: in an NaCl aqueous solution, and in simulated urban rain which contained no chlorides.
Abstract: Due to their good corrosion resistance, favorable mechanical properties, and reasonable price regarding their excellent properties, austenitic stainless steels have, over recent decades, become one of the alloys that are increasingly used in civil engineering and building, as well as for specific architectural purposes. Architects often design stainless steel exterior elements with higher surface roughnesses, which are not resistant to corrosion processes. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of different types of surface finishes to stainless steel of quality AISI 304 on the corrosion properties of this steel. In order to achieve this goal, electrochemical tests were performed on different surface finishes in two different environments: in an NaCl aqueous solution, and in simulated urban rain which contained no chlorides. In addition to the electrochemical methods used, surface roughness was also measured, and XPS surface analyses were performed. The results of the investigation showed that surface roughness affects the growth of the passive layer in urban rain significantly; however, the growth of such a film is retarded in the case of the NaCl aqueous solution. Based on the results of the performed analyses, it was found that, in the NaCl solution, the pitting potential depended strongly upon the surface roughness and the surface finish, but this was not true for the samples tested in urban rain.

35 citations

01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of mild steel and 316L stainless steel corrosion on bond strength between reinforcing steel and concrete using pull-out test was investigated, where mild steel was ground with 200 and 600 grit silicon carbide grinding paper and polished with 1μm diamond paste.
Abstract: This thesis reports on the research outcome of corrosion mechanism and corrosion rate of mild steel in different environments (saline, alkaline solutions and concrete media) using potentiodynamic polarization technique. The study also included the effect of corrosion on bond strength between reinforcing steel and concrete using pull-out test. Corrosion of mild steel and 316L stainless steel with different surface conditions in 1, 3 and 5% saline (NaCl + Distilled water) was investigated. Specimens ground with 200 and 600 grit silicon carbide grinding paper as well as 1μm surface finish (polished with 1μm diamond paste) were tested. In case of mild steel specimens, reduction in surface roughness caused increase in corrosion rate, while in 316L stainless steel corrosion rate decreased as the surface roughness improved. Metallographic examination of corroded specimens confirmed breakdown of passive region due to pitting corrosion. Corrosion of mild steel was also investigated in alkaline solution (saturated calcium hydroxide, pH =12.5) contaminated with 1, 3 and 5% saline. A series of corrosion experiments were also conducted to examine the efficiency of various concentrations of calcium nitrite (CN) on corrosion behaviour of both as-received and polished mild steel in alkaline solution containing 3% saline after 1 hour and 28 days of exposure. Corrosion rate was higher for the as-received than polished mild steel surface under the same testing conditions in NaCl alkaline solution with and without nitrites due to the effect of surface roughness. Morphology investigation of mild steel specimens in alkaline solution

28 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a fast and versatile method has been demonstrated to detect the early stage of iron corrosion in situ, with minimum external perturbation, by using a pH sensitive fluorescence dye.

22 citations

References
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Book
01 Jan 1995
TL;DR: In this article, the theory of aqueous corrosion and its application in the field of environment-sensitive cracking has been discussed, and the theory has been applied to the theory for environment-sensitive cracking.
Abstract: * Corrosion and Society * Enabling Theory for Aqueous Corrosion * Practical Aqueous Corrosion * The Theory of Aqueous Corrosion * Dissimilar Metal Corrosion * Selective Attack * Crevice and Pitting Corrosion: Concentration Cells * Flow-Induced Corrosion * Enabling Theory for Environment-Sensitive Cracking * Environment-Sensitive Cracking * Corrosion Management * Corrosion Control by Design * Corrosion Control by Environmental Change * Corrosion Control by Coatings Corrosion Properties of Some Metallic Materials * Cathodic and Anodic Protection * Corrosion at Elevated Temperatures * Worked Examples

192 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
T. Hong, M. Nagumo1
TL;DR: In this article, the early stages of pitting corrosion of Type 301 stainless steel which is wetground on silicon carbide papers ranged from 240 grit to 400, 800, 1000 and 1500 grits have been studied by AC impedance method.

175 citations


"Corrosion of mild steel and 316L au..." refers background in this paper

  • ...This implies that for the metastable pit or pits to grow on a smoother surface is more difficult than on a rougher surface and the presence of chloride ions in the solution results in the destruction of the passive film as observed elsewhere [9, 10]....

    [...]

  • ...Metastable pitting occurs throughout the passive region of stainless steel and the potential at which the transition to stable pit growth occurs is an important parameter describing the stability of the metal [6, 9, 10]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of surface roughness generated during slurry erosion-corrosion of 304L stainless steel was studied and it was shown that increasing the roughness of a surface significantly lowers the pitting potential in chloride solution.

173 citations


"Corrosion of mild steel and 316L au..." refers background in this paper

  • ...Metastable pitting occurs throughout the passive region of stainless steel and the potential at which the transition to stable pit growth occurs is an important parameter describing the stability of the metal [6, 9, 10]....

    [...]

  • ...The pitting potential is more sensitive to surface roughness changes and the relatively large increase in pitting potential by several tenth mV from the roughest to smoothest surface, suggested that both the nucleation and propagation of metastable pits depends on the steel surface [6]....

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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of varying surface roughness was investigated using potentiostatic and potentiodynamic CPT measurements on 904L stainless steel in 1 M NaCl, and the results demonstrated that increasing the smoothness of the sample surface causes an increase in the critical pitting temperature, even though the CPT exhibits a markedly more deterministic character than does the pitting potential.

136 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the pitting is initiated preferentially during the dry cycle after a critical chloride concentration is reached, followed by a shift of the corrosion potential to about −400 mV (SSE) as growth commences.

109 citations


"Corrosion of mild steel and 316L au..." refers background in this paper

  • ...This implies that for the metastable pit or pits to grow on a smoother surface is more difficult than on a rougher surface and the presence of chloride ions in the solution results in the destruction of the passive film as observed elsewhere [9, 10]....

    [...]

  • ...Metastable pitting occurs throughout the passive region of stainless steel and the potential at which the transition to stable pit growth occurs is an important parameter describing the stability of the metal [6, 9, 10]....

    [...]