Cost estimation and recovery analysis of a PV Solar farm utilized round the clock
15 Oct 2013-pp 286-291
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a novel concept of 24-hour utilization of a PV solar plant in a distribution feeder for line loss reduction and the savings obtained during this Loss reduction and also the demonstration of Voltage Profile Improvement in a Distribution Utility Feeder.
Abstract: PV Solar Farm/Plant produces real power during the day and is completely idle in the night and also during daytime when the sunlight is not present. This paper presents a Novel Concept of 24 Hour utilization of a PV Solar Plant in a Distribution Feeder for Line Loss Reduction and the Savings obtained during this Loss reduction and also the demonstration of Voltage Profile Improvement in a Distribution Utility Feeder. Suitable system studies and results are obtained for PV Solar Plant Integration in a real time North American Industrial Distribution Feeder while the PV Solar Farm is acting as a Real Power Injector (RPI) and Reactive Power Compensator (RPC) during different intervals of the day and night. The manifestation of this concept is clearly shown by means of an effective simulation carried out in an industry standard Power System package, namely Distribution Engineering Simulation Software (DESS). An approximate analysis on cost recovery and the gain obtained with proposed method is also discussed.
Citations
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19 Jun 2014
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present the effect of DGs on various factors like the Line Losses, Voltage Profile and Network Resonances, and a suitable real-time North American Distribution Feeder is considered along with DGs units.
Abstract: Technological advancement in renewable energy systems and government incentives like Feed In Tariff Program for green electricity generation is motivating utilities around the world to upgrade their existing distribution system infrastructure in order to accommodate increased wind power and photovoltaic (PV) solar power based distributed generation (DG) systems. This paper presents the effect of Distributed Generation Systems on various factors like the Line Losses, Voltage Profile and Network Resonances. A suitable real time North American Distribution Feeder is considered along with Distributed Generation (DG) units. The well-developed graphic facilities available in an industry standard power system package, namely PSCAD/EMTDC for the Network Resonance Study and Distribution Engineering Simulation Software (DESS) for Line Loss and Voltage Profile Study are considered to study the impact of Distributed Generation unit in Distribution Systems.
17 citations
Cites background from "Cost estimation and recovery analys..."
...VI that there is definite amount of Voltage Profile Improvement during different intervals of time using the Reactive Power Capability of the DG. B.V in the Table....
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...When DG is connected at bus i, VSI for bus i is defined as [17]:...
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...VII Line Loss Savings for 24 Hours (kWh) VI. CONCLUSION This paper presents the Integration of Distributed Generation Unit in a Distribution Network and the impact on Network Resonances, Line Losses and Voltage Profile Improvement....
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...Distributed generation brings a lot of benefits in terms of Green Energy and other factors like Voltage Profile Improvement and Line Loss Reduction....
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...The Line Loss and Voltage Profile Improvement study has been carried out using DESS....
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TL;DR: This paper is organized in such a way that it will serve as a benchmark for smart inverter technologies in the form of a review and includes several domains involving the applications, advanced and coordinated control, topologies and many more aspects that are associated with smart inverters based on reactive power compensation schemes for ancillary services.
Abstract: Integration of distributed energy resources (DER) has always posed a challenge. Smart inverters have started playing a crucial role in efficient integration of DERs. With the basic functionalities of traditional inverters in place, smart inverters can provide grids with related ancillary services either from the customer side or from the utility as well. The ancillary/augmented service from smart inverters includes the concept of reactive power exchange with the grid. Such grid support functions includes the functionalities of photovoltaic/plug in electric vehicles (PV/PEV) inverters as a static synchronous compensators (STATCOMs) by performing virtual detuning, temporary over voltage (TOV) mitigation, voltage regulation, frequency support and ride through capabilities. As the penetration levels of DERs have gone up, the need for such ancillary services has grown as well. This paper is organized in such a way that it will serve as a benchmark for smart inverter technologies in the form of a review. It includes several domains involving the applications, advanced and coordinated control, topologies and many more aspects that are associated with smart inverters based on reactive power compensation schemes for ancillary services. Apart from that, the applications those are associated with smart inverters in the smart grid domain are also highlighted in this paper.
16 citations
16 Apr 2014
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of coordination between Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) and a wind farm integrated into a power system network were analyzed for low voltage ride through condition when a wind Farm is integrated and aiding the Voltage Dips.
Abstract: Integration of Renewable Energy like Wind and Solar has started paving ways for a green environment with the introduction of Schemes like Feed in Tariff Program. Particularly North Europe, Germany, Spain, USA, Canada, China, and India have shown a strong achievement in expanding the wind energy systems. This has given a new dimension in the area of research pertaining to Power Electronics applications in Power Systems. This paper presents the effects of coordination between Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM) and a Wind Farm Integrated into a Power System Network. A suitable test system is chosen for performing the analysis in order to characterize the performance of the entire power systems. The intent is to examine the efficacy of the STATCOM in providing the support during the Low Voltage Ride Through condition when a Wind Farm is integrated and aiding the Voltage Dips. Apart from this, the response of a STATCOM during a fault conditions are also analyzed. Further, a review of Sub synchronous Resonance in a Wind Farm using STATCOM is discussed. In addition to that, a theoretical description of PV interfaced with the same Voltage Source Inverter/STATCOM providing coordinated operations of Wind Farm are also discussed. The manifestation of the idea is carried out using MATLAB Simulink Software.
12 citations
01 Jan 2018
4 citations
Cites methods from "Cost estimation and recovery analys..."
...North American feeder presented an example taken from the simulation result of PV Solar with reactive power support during a particular time of day showing a considerable improvement in voltage profile [52]....
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01 Jan 2021
TL;DR: In this article, the improvement of transient voltage stability in the distribution system using Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACT) devices like Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM), and Static Var Compensators (SVR) involving distributed generation systems such as Double Fed Induction Generator (DFIG)-based wind turbine system is presented.
Abstract: Distributed generation technologies provide a reliable and cost-effective solution for power generation along with enhanced power quality features compared to the conventional source of generation. The transient stability has gained interest because of the tremendous increase of distribution generation in distribution systems. This paper presents the improvement of transient voltage stability in the distribution system using Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACT) devices like Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM), and Static Var Compensator (SVR) involving distributed generation systems such as Double Fed Induction Generator (DFIG)-based wind turbine system. IEEE standard 399–1997-based system with some modifications has been considered for the study in this paper. Simulation has been carried out using MATLAB SIMULINK software.
3 citations
References
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01 Jan 2009
TL;DR: In this paper, the static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) is used to regulate the point of common coupling voltage during nighttime when the solar farm is not producing any active power.
Abstract: This letter presents a novel concept of utilizing pho- tovoltaic (PV) solar farm (SF) as a flexible ac transmission systems controller—static synchronous compensator, to regulate the point of common coupling voltage during nighttime when the SF is not producing any active power. This concept, although general, is pre- sented for the scenario of a distribution feeder, which has both PV solar and wind farms connected to it. The proposed control will en- able increased connections of renewable energy sources in the grid. A MATLAB/Simulink-based simulation study is presented under variable wind power generation and fault condition to validate the proposed concept. Index Terms—Distributed generation, flexible ac transmission systems (FACTS), solar energy, static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), voltage regulation, wind energy.
198 citations
"Cost estimation and recovery analys..." refers background in this paper
...Some papers present a day time control and some present a night mode operation, although Standards for grid interconnection of DG systems like PV Inverter (such as, IEEE P1547 [13]) do not allow reactive power injection....
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...[12] IEEE P1547 Standard for Distributed Resources Interconnected With Electric Power Systems, IEEE P1547 std., Sep. 2002....
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04 Nov 2010
TL;DR: A local control scheme that dispatches reactive power from each PV inverter based on local instantaneous measurements of the real and reactive components of the consumed power and the real power generated by the PVs is suggested.
Abstract: High penetration levels of distributed photovoltaic (PV) generation on an electrical distribution circuit may degrade power quality due to voltage sags and swells caused by rapidly varying PV generation during cloud transients coupled with the slow response of existing utility compensation and regulation equipment Fast-reacting, VAR-capable PV inverters may provide the necessary reactive power injection or consumption to maintain voltage regulation under difficult transient conditions As side benefit, the control of reactive power injection at each PV inverter provides a new tool for distribution utilities to minimize the thermal losses in circuit We suggest a local control scheme that dispatches reactive power from each PV inverter based on local instantaneous measurements of the real and reactive components of the consumed power and the real power generated by the PVs Using one adjustable parameter per circuit, we balance the requirements on power quality and desire to minimize thermal losses The performance of the proposed control scheme is evaluated via numerical simulations of realistic rural lines in several generation/consumption scenarios Simultaneous improvement of both the power quality and the magnitude of losses is observed for all the scenarios, even when the renewable generation in excess of the circuit own load
194 citations
"Cost estimation and recovery analys..." refers background in this paper
...PV Solar farm could provide voltage regulation in the grid by suitable reactive power compensation [8-12]....
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TL;DR: In this article, a novel concept of utilizing photovoltaic (PV) solar farm (SF) as a flexible ac transmission system controller-static synchronous compensator, to regulate the point of common coupling voltage during nighttime when the SF is not producing any active power.
Abstract: This letter presents a novel concept of utilizing photovoltaic (PV) solar farm (SF) as a flexible ac transmission systems controller-static synchronous compensator, to regulate the point of common coupling voltage during nighttime when the SF is not producing any active power. This concept, although general, is presented for the scenario of a distribution feeder, which has both PV solar and wind farms connected to it. The proposed control will enable increased connections of renewable energy sources in the grid. A MATLAB/Simulink-based simulation study is presented under variable wind power generation and fault condition to validate the proposed concept.
169 citations
TL;DR: If the authors assume that voltage source inverters (VSI) can replace CSIs, they can generate reactive power proportionally to the remaining unused capacity at any given time and show the feasibility of the method.
130 citations
"Cost estimation and recovery analys..." refers background in this paper
...PV Solar farm could provide voltage regulation in the grid by suitable reactive power compensation [8-12]....
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TL;DR: The MATLAB simulation results validate the feasibility of the theory of instantaneous reactive power and the active and reactive currents of inverter regulated by changing the amplitude and the phase of the output voltage of the inverter.
114 citations