Journal ArticleDOI
Costs and limits of phenotypic plasticity.
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The costs and limits of phenotypic plasticity are thought to have important ecological and evolutionary consequences, yet they are not as well understood as the benefits of plasticity.Abstract:
The costs and limits of phenotypic plasticity are thought to have important ecological and evolutionary consequences, yet they are not as well understood as the benefits of plasticity. At least nine ideas exist regarding how plasticity may be costly or limited, but these have rarely been discussed together. The most commonly discussed cost is that of maintaining the sensory and regulatory machinery needed for plasticity, which may require energy and material expenses. A frequently considered limit to the benefit of plasticity is that the environmental cues guiding plastic development can be unreliable. Such costs and limits have recently been included in theoretical models and, perhaps more importantly, relevant empirical studies now have emerged. Despite the current interest in costs and limits of plasticity, several lines of reasoning suggest that they might be difficult to demonstrate.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Behavioral syndromes: an ecological and evolutionary overview.
TL;DR: The existence of behavioral syndromes focuses the attention of behavioral ecologists on limited (less than optimal) behavioral plasticity and behavioral carryovers across situations, rather than on optimal plasticity in each isolated situation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adaptive versus non‐adaptive phenotypic plasticity and the potential for contemporary adaptation in new environments
TL;DR: It is concluded that adaptive plasticity that places populations close enough to a new phenotypic optimum for directional selection to act is the only Plasticity that predictably enhances fitness and is most likely to facilitate adaptive evolution on ecological time-scales in new environments.
Journal ArticleDOI
Adaptation, plasticity, and extinction in a changing environment: towards a predictive theory.
TL;DR: The authors analyze developmental, genetic, and demographic mechanisms by which populations tolerate changing environments and discuss empirical methods for determining the critical rate of sustained environmental change that causes population extinction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Phenotypic plasticity in the interactions and evolution of species.
TL;DR: Phenotypic responses in species interactions represent modifications that can lead to reciprocal change in ecological time, altered community patterns, and expanded evolutionary potential of species.
Journal ArticleDOI
The role of phenotypic plasticity in driving genetic evolution.
TL;DR: The role of phenotypic plasticity in stimulating evolution is assessed by considering two examples from birds: (i) the evolution of red and yellow plumage coloration due to carotenoid consumption; and (ii) the Evolution of foraging behaviours on islands.
References
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BookDOI
Evolution in Changing Environments: Some Theoretical Explorations. (MPB-2)
TL;DR: Professor Levins, one of the leading explorers in the field of integrated population biology, considers the mutual interpenetration and joint evolution of organism and environment, occurring on several levels at once.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Evolution of Ecological Specialization
TL;DR: The evolution of "niche breadth" was a more popular topic in the evolutionary ecological literature of the 1960s and 1970s than it has been recently (109, 118, 120, 134, 155, 156) as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fluctuating Asymmetry: Measurement, Analysis, Patterns
and A R Palmer,Curtis Strobeck +1 more
TL;DR: Why, then, all the recent (and not so recent) interest in such minor, nondirectional deviations from bilateral symmetry [fluctuating asymmetry (FA)?
Journal ArticleDOI
Genotype-environment interaction and the evolution of phenotypic plasticity.
Sara Via,Russell Lande +1 more
TL;DR: These models utilize the statistical relationship which exists between genotype‐environment interaction and genetic correlation to describe evolution of the mean phenotype under soft and hard selection in coarse‐grained environments.