Journal ArticleDOI
Coupled-mode theory for optical waveguides: an overview
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In this paper, a review of the recent development of coupled-mode theory for optical waveguides is given, with emphasis on the analysis of coupled optical waveguide, and three typical coupler configurations (uniform, grating-assisted, and tapered) are examined in detail.Abstract:
The coupled-mode theory (CMT) for optical waveguides is reviewed, with emphasis on the analysis of coupled optical waveguides. A brief account of the recent development of the CMT for coupled optical waveguides is given. Issues raised in the debates of the 1980’s on the merits and shortcomings of the conventional as well as the improved coupled-mode formulations are discussed. The conventional coupled-mode formulations are set up in a simple, intuitive way. The rigorous CMT is established on the basis of a linear superposition of the modes for individual waveguides. The cross-power terms appear logically as a result of modal nonorthogonality. The cross power is necessary for the self-consistency of the CMT for dissimilar waveguides. The nonorthogonal CMT, though more complicated, yields more-accurate results than the conventional orthogonal CMT for most practical applications. It also leads to the prediction of cross talk in directional couplers. The conventional orthogonal CMT is, however, reliably accurate for describing the power coupling between two weakly coupled, nearly identical waveguides. For dissimilar waveguides, a self-consistent orthogonal CMT can be derived by a redefinition of the coupling coefficients, and it predicts the coupling length and therefore the power exchange between the waveguides accurately if the two waveguides are far apart. Three typical coupler configurations—the uniform, the grating-assisted, and the tapered—are examined in detail. The accuracy, scope of validity, limitations, and extensions of the coupled-mode formulations are discussed in conjunction with each configuration. To verify the arguments in the discussions, comparisons with the exact analytical solutions and the rigorous numerical simulations are made.read more
Citations
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References
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Book
Theory of dielectric optical waveguides
TL;DR: The asymmetric slab waveguide weakly guiding optical fibers coupled mode theory applications of the coupled power theory theory of the directional coupler grating-assisted direction couplers approximate and numerical methods nonlinear effects as discussed by the authors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Coupled‐Wave Theory of Distributed Feedback Lasers
H. Kogelnik,Charles V. Shank +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, an analysis of laser action in a periodic structure is presented, where the resonant frequencies and threshold criteria for the modes of oscillation have been determined for both index and gain periodicities.
Journal ArticleDOI
Coupled-mode theory for guided-wave optics
TL;DR: In this article, the problem of propagation and interaction of optical radiation in dielectric waveguides is cast in the coupled-mode formalism, which is useful for treating problems involving energy exchange between modes.
Book Chapter
Optical waveguide theory
TL;DR: In this article, the authors outline the key principles and parameters which describe and define the operation of optical waveguides and fibres, including dispersion and non linear effects, and provide the foundation for understanding the detailed operation of a wide variety of optical components.