Crack Detection in a Beam on Elastic Foundation Using Differential Quadrature Method and the Bees Algorithm Optimization
02 Aug 2017-pp 439-460
TL;DR: In this paper, a practical and non-destructive method for the identification of a single crack in a beam resting on an elastic foundation is presented, where the beam is modelled by differential quadrature method, and the location and depth of crack are predicted by bees algorithm.
Abstract: In the present contribution, a practical and non-destructive method for the identification of a single crack in a beam resting on elastic foundation is presented. The beam is modelled by differential quadrature method, and the location and depth of crack are predicted by bees algorithm. The crack is assumed to be open and is simulated by torsional spring which divides all parts through cracked beam into two segments. Then, the differential quadrature method is applied to the governing differential equation of motion of each segment and the corresponding boundary and continuity conditions. An eigenvalue analysis is performed on the resulting system of algebraic equations to obtain the natural frequencies of the cracked beam on elastic foundation. Then, the location and depth of cracks are determined by bees algorithm optimization technique. The formulation of thin-walled beams theory is used for the crack detection in this research. To insure the integrity and robustness of the presented algorithm, the finite element analysis is performed on the set of cantilever beams, with different crack lengths and locations. The results show that the presented algorithm predicts location and depth of crack well and can be effectively employed for crack detection in other structures.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the authors employed the finite element method to evaluate the behavior of buried Medium Density Polyethylene (MDPE) pipes which have been subjected to damage at the pipe crown.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the effects of thermo-mechanical loads on the stress distribution in patch repaired buried polyethylene (PE) gas pipes and showed that the PE100 socket is more sensitive to temperature drop.
Abstract: Polyethylene (PE) gas pipes can be jointed together by electrofusion PE fittings, which have sockets that are fused onto the pipe. Additionally, electrofused PE patches can be used to repair defected pipes. When these pipelines are buried under the ground, they can experience sever local stresses due to the presence of pipe joints, which is superimposed on the other effects including the soil-structure interaction, traffic load, soil’s column weight, a uniform internal pressure, and thermal loads imposed by daily and/or seasonal temperature changes. The present contribution includes two cases. At first, stress variations in buried polyethylene gas pipe and its socket due to the aforementioned loading condition is estimated using finite element. The pipe is assumed to be made of PE80 material and its jointing socket material is PE100. Afterward, the effects of aforementioned thermo-mechanical loads on the stress distribution in patch repaired buried pipes are well investigated. The soil physical properties and the underground polyethylene pipe installation method are based on the American association of state highway and transportation officials and American society for testing and material standards. The computer simulation and analysis of stresses are performed through the finite element package of ANSYS Software. Stress concentrations can be observed in both components due to the presence of the socket or the repair patch. According to the results, the electrofusion sockets can be used for joining PE gas pipes even in hot climate areas. The maximum values of these stresses happen to be in the pipe. Also, the PE100 socket is more sensitive to a temperature drop. Additionally, all four studied patch arrangements show significant reinforcing effects on the defected section of the buried PE gas pipe to withstand applied loads. Meanwhile, the defected buried medium density polyethylene (MDPE) gas pipe and its saddle fused patch can resist the imposed mechanical and thermal loads of +22 °C temperature increase.
7 citations
TL;DR: Operational modal analysis in conjunction with bees optimization algorithm are utilized to update the finite element model of a solar power plant structure to show accurate results with fast convergence.
Abstract: In the present contribution, operational modal analysis in conjunction with bees optimization algorithm are utilized to update the finite element model of a solar power plant structure. The physical parameters which required to be updated are uncertain parameters including geometry, material properties and boundary conditions of the aforementioned structure. To determine these uncertain parameters, local and global sensitivity analyses are performed to increase the solution accuracy. An objective function is determined using the sum of the squared errors between the natural frequencies calculated by finite element method and operational modal analysis, which is optimized using bees optimization algorithm. The natural frequencies of the solar power plant structure are estimated by multi-setup stochastic subspace identification method which is considered as a strong and efficient method in operational modal analysis. The proposed algorithm is efficiently implemented on the solar power plant structure located in Shahid Chamran university of Ahvaz, Iran, to update parameters of its finite element model. Moreover, computed natural frequencies by numerical method are compared with those of the operational modal analysis. The results indicate that, bees optimization algorithm leads accurate results with fast convergence.
6 citations
References
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Abstract: From the Publisher:
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TL;DR: A Differential Quadrature Hierarchical Finite Element Method (DQEEM) based on Bernstein Polynomials is proposed in this paper for the analysis of doubly-curvel shell structures.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a direct technique which can be applied in a large number of cases to circumvent the difficulties of programming complex algorithms for the computer, as well as excessive use of storage and computer time.
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a non-destructive testing method for crack identification, which requires amplitude measurements at two positions of the structure only and is applicable to all one-dimensional structures.
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TL;DR: In this paper, a cracked, simply supported uniform beam is treated for either bending or axial vibrations, and the crack is simulated by an equivalent spring connecting the two segments of the beam.
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