CRC Standard Mathematical Tables and Formulae
26 Dec 1995-
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an algebraic version of elementary mathematics proofs without words, including the concept of special numbers and the notion of numbers without words in elementary algebra.
Abstract: Numbers and Elementary Mathematics Proofs without words Constants Special numbers Number theory Series and products Algebra Elementary algebra Polynomials Vector algebra Linear and matrix algebra Abstract algebra Discrete Mathematics Set theory Combinatorics Graphs Combinatorial design theory Difference equations Geometry Euclidean geometry Coordinate systems in the plane Plane symmetries or isometries Other transformations of the plane Lines Polygons Surfaces of revolution: the torus Quadrics Spherical geometry and trigonometry Conics Special plane curves Coordinate systems in space Space symmetries or isometries Other transformations of space Direction angles and direction cosines Planes Lines in space Polyhedra Cylinders Cones Differential geometry Analysis Differential calculus Differential forms Integration Table of indefinite integrals Table of definite integrals Ordinary differential equations Partial differential equations Integral equations Tensor analysis Orthogonal coordinate systems Interval analysis Real analysis Generalized functions Complex analysis Special Functions Ceiling and floor functions Exponentiation Logarithmic functions Exponential function Trigonometric functions Circular functions and planar triangles Tables of trigonometric functions Angle conversion Inverse circular functions Hyperbolic functions Inverse hyperbolic functions Gudermannian function Orthogonal polynomials Gamma function Beta function Error functions Fresnel integrals Sine, cosine, and exponential integrals Polylogarithms Hypergeometric functions Legendre functions Bessel functions Elliptic integrals Jacobian elliptic functions Clebsch-Gordan coefficients Integral transforms: Preliminaries Fourier integral transform Discrete Fourier transform (DFT) Fast Fourier transform (FFT) Multidimensional Fourier transforms Laplace transform Hankel transform Hartley transform Mellin transform Hilbert transform Z-Transform Tables of transforms Probability and Statistics Probability theory Classical probability problems Probability distributions Queuing theory Markov chains Random number generation Control charts and reliability Statistics Confidence intervals Tests of hypotheses Linear regression Analysis of variance (ANOVA) Sample size Contingency tables Probability tables Scientific Computing Basic numerical analysis Numerical linear algebra Numerical integration and differentiation Mathematical Formulae from the Sciences Acoustics Astrophysics Atmospheric physics Atomic physics Basic mechanics Beam dynamics Classical mechanics Coordinate systems - Astronomical Coordinate systems - Terrestrial Earthquake engineering Electromagnetic transmission Electrostatics and magnetism Electronic circuits Epidemiology Finance Fluid mechanics Fuzzy logic Human body Image processing matrices Macroeconomics Modeling physical systems Optics Population genetics Quantum mechanics Quaternions Relativistic mechanics Solid mechanics Statistical mechanics Thermodynamics Miscellaneous Calendar computations Cellular automata Communication theory Control theory Computer languages Cryptography Discrete dynamical systems and chaos Electronic resources Elliptic curves Financial formulae Game theory Knot theory Lattices Moments of inertia Music Operations research Recreational mathematics Risk analysis and decision rules Signal processing Symbolic logic Units Voting power Greek alphabet Braille code Morse code List of References List of Figures List of Notation Index
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TL;DR: A review of the past, recent developments and implementations of the Bouc-Wen model which is used extensively in modeling the hysteresis phenomenon in the dynamically excited nonlinear structures can be found in this paper.
Abstract: Structural systems often show nonlinear behavior under severe excitations generated by natural hazards. In that condition, the restoring force becomes highly nonlinear showing significant hysteresis. The hereditary nature of this nonlinear restoring force indicates that the force cannot be described as a function of the instantaneous displacement and velocity. Accordingly, many hysteretic restoring force models were developed to include the time dependent nature using a set of differential equations. This survey contains a review of the past, recent developments and implementations of the Bouc-Wen model which is used extensively in modeling the hysteresis phenomenon in the dynamically excited nonlinear structures.
602 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a combination of random and non-random selection of grains for analysis was proposed to extract the potential information contained in detrital zircons, yielding two complementary sets of age data from each sample.
467 citations
TL;DR: Using the notion of the "spacing" between ordered exponential random variables, a performance analysis of the generalized selection combining (GSC) diversity scheme over Rayleigh fading channels is presented and compared with that of the conventional maximal-ratio combining and selection combining schemes.
Abstract: Using the notion of the "spacing" between ordered exponential random variables, a performance analysis of the generalized selection combining (GSC) diversity scheme over Rayleigh fading channels is presented and compared with that of the conventional maximal-ratio combining and selection combining schemes. Starting with the moment generating function (MGF) of the GSC output signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), we derive closed-form expressions for the average combined SNR, outage probability, and average error probability of a wide variety of modulation schemes operating over independently, identically distributed (i.i.d.) diversity paths. Because of their simple form, these expressions readily allow numerical evaluation for cases of practical interest. The results are also extended to the case of non-i.i.d. diversity paths.
433 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the observed spectrum of a thin accretion disk around a Kerr black hole was computed using a ray-tracing technique, and the effect of a nonzero torque on the spectrum can, to a good approximation, be absorbed into a zero-torque model by adjusting the mass accretion rate and the normalization.
Abstract: We use a ray-tracing technique to compute the observed spectrum of a thin accretion disk around a Kerr black hole. We include all relativistic effects such as frame-dragging, Doppler boost, gravitational redshift, and bending of light by the gravity of the black hole. We also include self-irradiation of the disk as a result of light deflection. Assuming that the disk emission is locally blackbody, we show how the observed spectrum depends on the spin of the black hole, the inclination of the disk, and the torque at the inner edge of the disk. We find that the effect of a nonzero torque on the spectrum can, to a good approximation, be absorbed into a zero-torque model by adjusting the mass accretion rate and the normalization. We describe a computer model, called KERRBB, which we have developed for fitting the spectra of black hole X-ray binaries. Using KERRBB within the X-ray data reduction package XSPEC, and assuming a spectral hardening factor fcol = 1.7, we analyze the spectra of three black hole X-ray binaries: 4U 1543-47, XTE J1550-564, and GRO J1655-40. We estimate the spin parameters of the black holes in 4U 1543-47 and GRO J1655-40 to be a/M ~ 0.6 and ~0.6-0.7, respectively. If fcol ~ 1.5-1.6, as in a recent study, then we find a/M ~ 0.7-0.8 and ~0.8-0.9, respectively. These estimates are subject to additional uncertainties in the assumed black hole masses, distances, and disk inclinations.
400 citations
TL;DR: A rigorous method for the least-squares nonlinear regression analysis of displacement isothermal titration calorimetric data is presented and can fit the binding isotherm of a ligand which is competitively inhibited in its binding by another bound ligand to a molecule with n identical and independent binding sites.
352 citations