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Journal Article•DOI•

Creep forces in simulations of traction vehicles running on adhesion limit

Oldrich Polach1•
Bombardier Inc.1
01 Mar 2005-Wear (Elsevier)-Vol. 258, Iss: 7, pp 992-1000
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a method to simulate various real wheel-rail contact conditions using one parameter set, which can be identified from measurements or the recommended parameters for modelling of typical wheel rail contact conditions in engineering applications.
About: This article is published in Wear.The article was published on 2005-03-01. It has received 425 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Creep & Traction (engineering).
Citations
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Journal Article•DOI•
Modelling of suspension components in a rail vehicle dynamics context

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Stefano Bruni1, Jordi Vinolas2, Mats Berg3, Oldrich Polach4, Sebastian Stichel3 •
Polytechnic University of Milan1, University of Navarra2, Royal Institute of Technology3, Bombardier Inc.4
24 Jun 2011-Vehicle System Dynamics
TL;DR: In this article, a review of existing models for railway vehicle suspension components and their use in railway vehicle dynamics multi-body simulations is presented, and the required level of detail of component models in view of the accuracy expected from the overall simulation model is discussed.
Abstract: Suspension components play key roles in the running behaviour of rail vehicles, and therefore, mathematical models of suspension components are essential ingredients of railway vehicle multi-body models. The aims of this paper are to review existing models for railway vehicle suspension components and their use for railway vehicle dynamics multi-body simulations, to describe how model parameters can be defined and to discuss the required level of detail of component models in view of the accuracy expected from the overall simulation model. This paper also addresses track models in use for railway vehicle dynamics simulations, recognising their relevance as an indispensable component of the system simulation model. Finally, this paper reviews methods presently in use for the checking and validation of the simulation model.

196 citations

Cites methods from "Creep forces in simulations of trac..."

  • ...Investigations of interaction between the running dynamics, traction chain dynamics and traction control, however, require not only a detailed modelling of the torsional drive system but also an extension of the creep force model with the negative slope at large creepages as described and illustrated in [114]....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Vibration feature evolution of locomotive with tooth root crack propagation of gear transmission system

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Zaigang Chen1, Wanming Zhai1, Kaiyun Wang1•
Southwest Jiaotong University1
15 Jan 2019-Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing
TL;DR: Results indicate that the angular synchronous average technique could effectively reveal the fault vibration feature, and the M8A in the selected statistical indicators is most sensitive to the tooth crack propagation in frequency domain.

115 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
A survey of wheel–rail contact models for rail vehicles

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Sajjad Z. Meymand1, Alexander Keylin, Mehdi Ahmadian1•
Virginia Tech1
29 Jan 2016-Vehicle System Dynamics
TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss the evolution and current state of the theories for solving the wheel-rail contact problem for rolling stock and discuss the simplifying assumptions for developing these models and compares their functionality.
Abstract: Accurate and efficient contact models for wheel–rail interaction are essential for the study of the dynamic behaviour of a railway vehicle. Assessment of the contact forces and moments, as well as contact geometry provide a fundamental foundation for such tasks as design of braking and traction control systems, prediction of wheel and rail wear, and evaluation of ride safety and comfort. This paper discusses the evolution and the current state of the theories for solving the wheel–rail contact problem for rolling stock. The well-known theories for modelling both normal contact (Hertzian and non-Hertzian) and tangential contact (Kalker's linear theory, FASTSIM, CONTACT, Polach's theory, etc.) are reviewed. The paper discusses the simplifying assumptions for developing these models and compares their functionality. The experimental studies for evaluation of contact models are also reviewed. This paper concludes with discussing open areas in contact mechanics that require further research for develop...

105 citations

Cites background from "Creep forces in simulations of trac..."

  • ...Polach [151] introduced two different reduction factors for adhesion area (kA) and slip area (ks)....

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  • ...Polach [151] studied the velocity-variant exponential friction law version of his...

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  • ...Some researchers [151,152] used rigid slip (w) in their velocity-dependent friction laws, whereas some others [129,149,150] used true slip (s)....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Creep force modelling for rail traction vehicles based on the Fastsim algorithm

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Maksym Spiryagin1, Oldrich Polach2, Colin Cole1•
Central Queensland University1, Bombardier Inc.2
09 Oct 2013-Vehicle System Dynamics
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a methodology for estimating the creep forces at large traction creepages, based on the theory of rolling contact of locomotive tractive effort on the wheel and rail.
Abstract: The evaluation of creep forces is a complex task and their calculation is a time-consuming process for multibody simulation (MBS). A methodology of creep forces modelling at large traction creepages has been proposed by Polach [Creep forces in simulations of traction vehicles running on adhesion limit. Wear. 2005;258:992–1000; Influence of locomotive tractive effort on the forces between wheel and rail. Veh Syst Dyn. 2001(Suppl);35:7–22] adapting his previously published algorithm [Polach O. A fast wheel–rail forces calculation computer code. Veh Syst Dyn. 1999(Suppl);33:728–739]. The most common method for creep force modelling used by software packages for MBS of running dynamics is the Fastsim algorithm by Kalker [A fast algorithm for the simplified theory of rolling contact. Veh Syst Dyn. 1982;11:1–13]. However, the Fastsim code has some limitations which do not allow modelling the creep force – creep characteristic in agreement with measurements for locomotives and other high-power traction vehicles,...

99 citations

Cites background or methods from "Creep forces in simulations of trac..."

  • ...where k0 is the initial value of Kalker’s reduction factor at creep values close to zero, 0 < k0 ≤ 1; αinf is the fraction of the initial value of Kalker’s reduction factor at creep values approaching infinity, 0 ≤ αinf ≤ 1; β is the non-dimensional parameter related to the decrease of the contact stiffness with the increase of the slip area size, 0 ≤ β; ε is the parameter describing the gradient of the tangential stress in the stress distribution transformed to a hemisphere according to Polach,[14,15,21] which also represents the ratio of the slip area to the area of adhesion:...

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  • ...The modelling of a variable friction coefficient is taken from Polach [14] as it was shown to be reasonable for the application in the field of locomotive traction analysis....

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  • ...The effect of large creep on the creep forces on wet or contaminated rail was introduced in [14,15]....

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  • ...Wheel–rail conditions Wet Wet Wet Wet Dry Dry Dry Speed (km/h) 40 20 60 16–32 16–32 36 30 References: [measurements, Polach model results] [26,14] [27,14] [27,14] [28,14] [28,14] [29,14] [30,14]...

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  • ...tangential stress distribution in the Polach model is transformed to a hemisphere,[14,15,21] the gradient of the tangential stress in this transformed model represents directly the ratio between the area of slip and the area of adhesion as a function of creepage....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Determination of wheel–rail contact points with semianalytic methods

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Monica Malvezzi1, Enrico Meli1, Stefano Falomi1, Andrea Rindi1•
University of Florence1
12 Sep 2008-Multibody System Dynamics
TL;DR: In this paper, two semi-analytic procedures for the detection of wheel-rail contact points are presented, named the DIST and the DIFF methods, which consider the wheel and the rail as two surfaces whose analytic expressions are known.
Abstract: The multibody simulation of railway vehicle dynamics needs a reliable and efficient method to determine the location of the contact points between wheel and rail that represent the application points of the contact forces and influence their directions and intensities. In this work, two semi-analytic procedures for the detection of the wheel–rail contact points (named the DIST and the DIFF methods) are presented. Both the methods consider the wheel and the rail as two surfaces whose analytic expressions are known. The first method is based on the idea that the contact points are located in the point in which the distance between the contact surfaces has local maxima, and is equivalent to solve an algebraic 4D-system. The second method is based on the idea that in the contact points the difference between the surfaces has local minima and is equivalent to solve an algebraic 2D-system. In both cases, the original problem can be reduced analytically to a simple 1D-problem that can be easily solved numerically.

92 citations

Cites methods from "Creep forces in simulations of trac..."

  • ...More sophisticated models are present in the literature [19, 20], that consider the adhesion coefficient as a function of the sliding; they will be implemented in future versions of the software....

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References
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Book•
Friction and Wear of Materials

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Ernest Rabinowicz, R. I. Tanner1•
University of Sydney1
01 Jan 1966
TL;DR: Abrasive and other types of wear include: adhesives, lubrication, friction, and adhesion, as well as material properties that influence surface interaction as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Material Properties That Influence Surface Interactions. Surface Interactions. Friction. Types of Wear. Adhesive Wear. Abrasive and Other Types of Wear. Lubrication. Adhesion. Appendix. Sample Problems. Index.

3,042 citations

Additional excerpts

  • ...in [13]....

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Journal Article•DOI•
A Fast Algorithm for the Simplified Theory of Rolling Contact

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J. J. Kalker1•
Delft University of Technology1
01 Feb 1982-Vehicle System Dynamics
TL;DR: An algorithm “Fastsim” for the simplified theory of rolling contact is described which is 15-25 times as fast as the existing programs Simrol (Kalker), and 3 times asfast as Rolcon (Knothe).
Abstract: SUMMARY An algorithm “Fastsim” for the simplified theory of rolling contact is described which is 15-25 times as fast as the existing programs Simrol (Kalker), and 3 times as fast as Rolcon (Knothe). The relative total force computed with Fastsim differs at most 0.2 from that calculated with Simrol, Simcona (Goree & Law), Rolcon, and the “exact” program Duvorol (Kalker). Descriptions and lists of an Algol 60, and HP 67 program version are available upon request: the Fortran IV version is given in the paper.

821 citations

"Creep forces in simulations of trac..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...Using the contact shear stiffness coefficient C derived from Kalker’s linear theory, the method is used as a simple and fast alternative instead of the FASTSIM computer code [ 11 ] or other methods or precalculated tables....

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Journal Article•DOI•
A Comparison of Alternative Creep Force Models for Rail Vehicle Dynamic Analysis

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Z. Y. Shen1, J. K. Hedrick1•
Massachusetts Institute of Technology1
01 Jul 1983-Vehicle System Dynamics
TL;DR: In this paper, a comparison of alternative Creep Force Models for rail vehicle dynamic analysis is presented, and the results show that the alternative models are less accurate than the original models in terms of acceleration and acceleration.
Abstract: (1983). A Comparison of Alternative Creep Force Models for Rail Vehicle Dynamic Analysis. Vehicle System Dynamics: Vol. 12, No. 1-3, pp. 79-83.

459 citations

"Creep forces in simulations of trac..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...The method is faster than FASTSIM and approximately as fast as the method developed by Shen-Hedrick-Elkins [10], but the results are closer to FASTSIM than other methods....

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On the rolling contact of two elastic bodies in the presence of dry friction

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J. J. Kalker
05 Jul 1967

373 citations

"Creep forces in simulations of trac..." refers methods in this paper

  • ...Deriving the contact shear stiffness coefficient C from Kalker’s linear theory [8], the method is used as a simple and fast alternative instead of the FASTSIM computer code [9] or other methods or pre-calculated tables....

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Book•
Friction and wear: Calculation methods

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Igorʹ Viktorovich Kragelʹskiĭ, M. N. Dobychin, V. S. Kombalov
01 Jan 1982

342 citations

Related Papers (5)
A Fast Algorithm for the Simplified Theory of Rolling Contact

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01 Feb 1982-Vehicle System Dynamics
J. J. Kalker
A fast wheel-rail forces calculation computer code

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01 Jan 1999-Vehicle System Dynamics
Oldrich Polach
Three-Dimensional Elastic Bodies in Rolling Contact

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31 Oct 1990
J. J. Kalker, K. L. Johnson
Handbook of railway vehicle dynamics

[...]

22 May 2006
Simon Iwnicki
A Comparison of Alternative Creep Force Models for Rail Vehicle Dynamic Analysis

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01 Jul 1983-Vehicle System Dynamics
Z. Y. Shen, J. K. Hedrick