Crisis communication online: How medium, crisis type and emotions affected public reactions in the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compared the effects of medium (Facebook vs. Twitter vs. online newspaper) and crisis type (intentional vs. victim) in an online experiment using the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster as crisis scenario.
About: This article is published in Public Relations Review.The article was published on 2013-03-01. It has received 424 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Crisis communication.
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TL;DR: This article propose an integrative framework of crisis and crisis management that draws from research in strategy, organizational theory, and organizational behavior as well as from research on public relations and corporate communication.
589 citations
Cites background from "Crisis communication online: How me..."
...Similarly, an additional opportunity for multilevel theorizing is the influence of social media on the crisis management process (Utz et al., 2013)....
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TL;DR: A comprehensive review of online, official, and scientific literature was carried out in 2012-13 to develop a framework of disaster social media, illustrating that a variety of entities may utilise and produce disaster social social media content.
Abstract: A comprehensive review of online, official, and scientific literature was carried out in 2012-13 to develop a framework of disaster social media. This framework can be used to facilitate the creation of disaster social media tools, the formulation of disaster social media implementation processes, and the scientific study of disaster social media effects. Disaster social media users in the framework include communities, government, individuals, organisations, and media outlets. Fifteen distinct disaster social media uses were identified, ranging from preparing and receiving disaster preparedness information and warnings and signalling and detecting disasters prior to an event to (re)connecting community members following a disaster. The framework illustrates that a variety of entities may utilise and produce disaster social media content. Consequently, disaster social media use can be conceptualised as occurring at a number of levels, even within the same disaster. Suggestions are provided on how the proposed framework can inform future disaster social media development and research.
588 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a typology of Twitter use before, during, and after Typhoon Haiyan was tested and the results showed that different stakeholders used social media mostly for dissemination of second-hand information, in coordinating relief efforts, and in memorializing those affected.
244 citations
21 May 2015
TL;DR: Twitter use during and after Typhoon Haiyan pummeled the Philippines showed that different stakeholders used social media mostly for dissemination of second-hand information, in coordinating relief efforts, and in memorializing those affected.
Abstract: A typology of Twitter use before, during, and after Typhoon Haiyan was tested.Time of use, location, type of user, and social media engagement were tested.Retweet information, coordinate relief, and memorialize victims were the main uses.Recommendations for future research and applications in crises are presented. Social media in crisis situations, such as natural disasters, have been recognized by scholars and practitioners as key communication channels that can complement traditional channels. However, there is limited empirical examination from the user perspective of the functions that social media play and the factors that explain such uses. In this study we examine Twitter use during and after Typhoon Haiyan pummeled the Philippines. We tested a typology of Twitter use based on previous research, and explored external factors - time of use and geographic location - and internal factors - type of stakeholders (e.g. ordinary citizens, journalists, etc.) and social media engagement - to predict these uses. The results showed that different stakeholders used social media mostly for dissemination of second-hand information, in coordinating relief efforts, and in memorializing those affected. Recommendations for future research and applications in future crises are also presented.
209 citations
Cites result from "Crisis communication online: How me..."
...In support of earlier studies (Binder, 2012; Utz et al., 2013), evidence suggests that social media users value traditional media sources during times of crisis, given the preponderance of tweets referencing and linking to secondhand news sources....
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TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the adoption and use of social media tools for crisis communication and social media's part in managing a crisis in local government, using survey data collected from more than 300 local government officials from municipalities across the United States.
203 citations
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TL;DR: Facebook usage was found to interact with measures of psychological well-being, suggesting that it might provide greater benefits for users experiencing low self-esteem and low life satisfaction.
Abstract: This study examines the relationship between use of Facebook, a popular online social network site, and the formation and maintenance of social capital. In addition to assessing bonding and bridging social capital, we explore a dimension of social capital that assesses one’s ability to stay connected with members of a previously inhabited community, which we call maintained social capital. Regression analyses conducted on results from a survey of undergraduate students (N = 286) suggest a strong association between use of Facebook and the three types of social capital, with the strongest relationship being to bridging social capital. In addition, Facebook usage was found to interact with measures of psychological well-being, suggesting that it might provide greater benefits for users experiencing low self-esteem and low life satisfaction.
9,001 citations
TL;DR: The position that the concept of sensemaking fills important gaps in organizational theory is taken, by pinpointing central features of sense making that have been assumed but not made explicit, some of which have changed in significance over time, and some ofWhich have been missing all along or have gone awry.
Abstract: Sensemaking involves turning circumstances into a situation that is comprehended explicitly in words and that serves as a springboard into action. In this paper we take the position that the concept of sensemaking fills important gaps in organizational theory. The seemingly transient nature of sensemaking belies its central role in the determination of human behavior, whether people are acting in formal organizations or elsewhere. Sensemaking is central because it is the primary site where meanings materialize that inform and constrain identity and action. The purpose of this paper is to take stock of the concept of sensemaking. We do so by pinpointing central features of sensemaking, some of which have been explicated but neglected, some of which have been assumed but not made explicit, some of which have changed in significance over time, and some of which have been missing all along or have gone awry. We sense joint enthusiasm to restate sensemaking in ways that make it more future oriented, more action oriented, more macro, more closely tied to organizing, meshed more boldly with identity, more visible, more behaviorally defined, less sedentary and backward looking, more infused with emotion and with issues of sensegiving and persuasion. These key enhancements provide a foundation upon which to build future studies that can strengthen the sensemaking perspective.
4,894 citations
TL;DR: Situational crisis communication theory (SCCT) as discussed by the authors offers a framework for understanding the dynamic dynamics of crisis communication and how people will react to the crisis response strategies used to manage the crisis.
Abstract: Crisis managers benefit from understanding how crisis communication can be used to protect reputational assets during a crisis. Situational Crisis Communication Theory (SCCT) offers a framework for understanding this dynamic. SCCT provides a mechanism for anticipating how stakeholders will react to a crisis in terms of the reputational threat posed by the crisis. Moreover, SCCT projects how people will react to the crisis response strategies used to manage the crisis. From its empirical research emerges a set of evidence-based crisis communication guidelines. The development of SCCT is discussed along with the presentation of its guidelines for crisis communication.
1,771 citations
TL;DR: Investigating Facebook users' awareness of privacy issues and perceived benefits and risks of utilizing Facebook suggests that this lax attitude may be based on a combination of high gratification, usage patterns, and a psychological mechanism similar to third-person effect.
Abstract: This article investigates Facebook users' awareness of privacy issues and perceived benefits and risks of utilizing Facebook. Research found that Facebook is deeply integrated in users' daily lives through specific routines and rituals. Users claimed to understand privacy issues, yet reported uploading large amounts of personal information. Risks to privacy invasion were ascribed more to others than to the self. However, users reporting privacy invasion were more likely to change privacy settings than those merely hearing about others' privacy invasions. Results suggest that this lax attitude may be based on a combination of high gratification, usage patterns, and a psychological mechanism similar to third-person effect. Safer use of social network services would thus require changes in user attitude.
1,154 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a content analysis of 275 nonprofit organization profiles on Facebook was conducted to examine how these new social networking sites are being used by the organizations to advance their organization's mission and programs.
1,109 citations