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Journal ArticleDOI

Crust–mantle interaction in the genesis of siliceous high magnesian basalts: evidence from the Early Proterozoic Dongargarh Supergroup, India

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present chemical (XRF, INAA) and mineralogical data on a siliceous high magnesian basalts (SHMB) suite from the Early Proterozoic (2.1-2.5 Ga) Dongargarh Supergroup, Central India, the first of its kind reported from the Indian Precambrian.
About: This article is published in Chemical Geology.The article was published on 2002-07-01. It has received 27 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Incompatible element & Volcanic rock.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The Khairagarh volcano-sedimentary sequence is represented by low-Ti, intermediate-Ti and high-Ti basalt-basaltic andesite series that probably represent varying degrees of partial melting of an enriched mantle source as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The Khairagarh volcano-sedimentary sequence is exposed along the Kotri–Dongargarh Belt towards the north-eastern part of the Bastar Craton. This sequence is exposed south of the Central Indian Shear (CIS) and east of the Sakoli Group rocks. The Khairagarh volcanic sequence is represented by low-Ti, intermediate-Ti and high-Ti basalt–basaltic andesite series that probably represent varying degrees of partial melting of an enriched mantle source, thus they appear to be consanguineous. These rocks are associated with a sequence of high magnesium andesitic (HMA) rocks that follow a separate evolutionary trend, thus they appear not to be related to the basalt–basaltic andesite sequence. The presence of the two contrasting sequences probably indicates generation in a hot Andean-type subduction zone for the HMA, and Andean-type back-arc rifting for the basalt–basaltic andesite samples. The possibility of a relatively thick crust around 3.6 Ga in the Bastar Craton and the Amgaon Gneissic Complex, basement for the Khairagarh–Sakoli sequence, probably indicates that it was part of the Supercontinent Ur. The mantle extraction age of about 2.9 to 2.5 Ga, based on the Nd-model ages for the Khairagarh–Sakoli sequence, probably indicate that this part of the Central Indian Shield became part of the Supercontinent Columbia subsequently. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

15 citations


Cites background from "Crust–mantle interaction in the gen..."

  • ...According to Sensarma et al. (2002) SHMB probably indicates interaction of primary komatiitic rock with crustal melt at the Archaean–Proterozoic transition....

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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jun 2013-Lithos
TL;DR: In this paper, microstructures indicative of silicate liquid immiscibility were identified in the groundmass of plagioclase-pyroxene-phyric andesites from the Mangikhuta Volcanics at the top of the ~ 2.5 Ga Dongargarh large igneous province (LIP), central India.

14 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The geochronology of large Igneous provinces (LIPs) in Gondwana has been studied in this paper, where the authors cover diverse topics on magma emplacements, petrology and geochemistry, source characteristics, source properties, flood basalt-carbonatite linkage, tectonics, and the geochemical properties of LIPs.
Abstract: Abstract Gondwana, comprising >64% of the present-day continental mass, is home to 33% of Large Igneous Provinces (LIPs) and is key to unravelling the lithosphere–atmosphere system and related tectonics that mediated global climate shifts and sediment production conducive for life on Earth. Increased recognition of bimodal LIPs in Gondwana with significant, sometimes subequal, proportions of synchronous silicic volcanic rocks, mostly rhyolites to high silica rhyolites (±associated granitoids) to mafic volcanic rocks is a major frontier, not considered in mantle plume or plate process hypotheses. On a δ18O v. initial 87Sr/86Sr plot for silicic rocks in Gondwana LIPs there is a remarkable spread between continental crust and mantle values, signifying variable contributions of crust and mantle in their origins. Caldera-forming silicic LIP events were as large as their mafic counterparts, and erupted for a longer duration (>20 myr). Several Gondwana LIPs erupted near the active continental margins, in addition to within-continents; rifting, however, continued even after LIP emplacements in several cases or was aborted and did not open into ocean by coeval compression. Gondwana LIPs had devastating consequences in global climate shifts and are major global sediment sources influencing upper continental crust compositions. In this Special Publication, papers cover diverse topics on magma emplacements, petrology and geochemistry, source characteristics, flood basalt–carbonatite linkage, tectonics, and the geochronology of LIPs now distributed in different Gondwana continents.

12 citations


Cites background from "Crust–mantle interaction in the gen..."

  • ...For example, geochemical mass-balance calculations show that a basaltic komatiite melt may have dissolved about 20% silicic volcanics and erupted as a siliceous high-Mg basalt (SHMB) in the 2.5 Ga Dongargarh LIP (Sensarma et al. 2002)....

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Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2020
TL;DR: The authors reviewed the processes of the evolution of early Earth, including thermal records, mantle evolution, crustal growth, craton formation and tectonics in the first part, followed by the formation of individual cratonic blocks in Peninsular India and their assembly into a shield framework in the second part.
Abstract: Understanding coupled evolution of the crust-mantle system, building up of habitable continents and tectonics of evolving Earth constitute a major focus of research in Earth and Planetary Sciences. This contribution reviews the processes of the evolution of early Earth, including thermal records, mantle evolution, crustal growth, craton formation and tectonics in the first part, followed by the evolution of individual cratonic blocks in Peninsular India and their assembly into shield framework in the second part. Closely scrutinized global geochronologic and isotope database show that remnants of the Hadean-Eoarchean terrestrial record preserved in the core of cratons provide invaluable insights into planetary evolution. Multidisciplinary studies on the preserved earliest crustal remnants reveal unique features such as distinct lithological associations (tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG)-komatiite dominated greenstones), steeper geothermal gradients, hotter mantle, high rates of crustal growth, dome-basin patterns and plume-dominated tectonics and absence of high-pressure mineral assemblages compared to Phanerozoic Earth.

11 citations

References
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01 Jan 1989
TL;DR: In this article, trace-element data for mid-ocean ridge basalts and ocean island basalts are used to formulate chemical systematics for oceanic basalts, interpreted in terms of partial-melting conditions, variations in residual mineralogy, involvement of subducted sediment, recycling of oceanic lithosphere and processes within the low velocity zone.
Abstract: Summary Trace-element data for mid-ocean ridge basalts (MORBs) and ocean island basalts (OIB) are used to formulate chemical systematics for oceanic basalts. The data suggest that the order of trace-element incompatibility in oceanic basalts is Cs ≈ Rb ≈ (≈ Tl) ≈ Ba(≈ W) > Th > U ≈ Nb = Ta ≈ K > La > Ce ≈ Pb > Pr (≈ Mo) ≈ Sr > P ≈ Nd (> F) > Zr = Hf ≈ Sm > Eu ≈ Sn (≈ Sb) ≈ Ti > Dy ≈ (Li) > Ho = Y > Yb. This rule works in general and suggests that the overall fractionation processes operating during magma generation and evolution are relatively simple, involving no significant change in the environment of formation for MORBs and OIBs. In detail, minor differences in element ratios correlate with the isotopic characteristics of different types of OIB components (HIMU, EM, MORB). These systematics are interpreted in terms of partial-melting conditions, variations in residual mineralogy, involvement of subducted sediment, recycling of oceanic lithosphere and processes within the low velocity zone. Niobium data indicate that the mantle sources of MORB and OIB are not exact complementary reservoirs to the continental crust. Subduction of oceanic crust or separation of refractory eclogite material from the former oceanic crust into the lower mantle appears to be required. The negative europium anomalies observed in some EM-type OIBs and the systematics of their key element ratios suggest the addition of a small amount (⩽1% or less) of subducted sediment to their mantle sources. However, a general lack of a crustal signature in OIBs indicates that sediment recycling has not been an important process in the convecting mantle, at least not in more recent times (⩽2 Ga). Upward migration of silica-undersaturated melts from the low velocity zone can generate an enriched reservoir in the continental and oceanic lithospheric mantle. We propose that the HIMU type (eg St Helena) OIB component can be generated in this way. This enriched mantle can be re-introduced into the convective mantle by thermal erosion of the continental lithosphere and by the recycling of the enriched oceanic lithosphere back into the mantle.

19,221 citations

01 Jan 1985
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe the composition of the present upper crust and deal with possible compositions for the total crust and the inferred composition of lower crust, and the question of the uniformity of crustal composition throughout geological time is discussed.
Abstract: This book describes the composition of the present upper crust, and deals with possible compositions for the total crust and the inferred composition of the lower crust. The question of the uniformity of crustal composition throughout geological time is discussed. It describes the Archean crust and models for crustal evolution in Archean and Post-Archean time. The rate of growth of the crust through time is assessed, and the effects of the extraction of the crust on mantle compositions. The question of early pre-geological crusts on the Earth is discussed and comparisons are given with crusts on the Moon, Mercury, Mars, Venus and the Galilean Satellites.

12,457 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared the relative abundances of the refractory elements in carbonaceous, ordinary, and enstatite chondritic meteorites and found that the most consistent composition of the Earth's core is derived from the seismic profile and its interpretation, compared with primitive meteorites, and chemical and petrological models of peridotite-basalt melting relationships.

10,830 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a system was presented whereby volcanic rocks may be classified chemically as follows: Subalkaline Rocks:A.B. Tholeiitic basalt series:Tholeitic picrite-basalt; tholeiite, tholeitic andesite; dacite; rhyolite.
Abstract: A system is presented whereby volcanic rocks may be classified chemically as follows:I. Subalkaline Rocks:A. Tholeiitic basalt series:Tholeiitic picrite-basalt; tholeiite; tholeiitic andesite.B. Calc-alkali series:High-alumina basalt; andesite; dacite; rhyolite.II. Alkaline Rocks:A. Alkali olivine basalt series:(1) Alkalic picrite–basalt; ankaramite; alkali basalt; hawaiite; mugearite; benmorite; trachyte.(2) Alkalic picrite–basalt; ankaramite; alkali basalt; trachybasalt; tristanite; trachyte.B. Nephelinic, leucitic, and analcitic rocks.III. Peralkaline Rocks:pantellerite, commendite, etc.

6,269 citations