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Journal ArticleDOI

Crystallization behaviour of poly(phenylene sulphide)/polystyrene blend

01 Jan 1987-European Polymer Journal (Pergamon)-Vol. 23, Iss: 10, pp 819-824
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the crystallinity of poly(phenylene sulphide) (PPS) blended with polystyrene by an X-ray diffraction technique for samples made by three mixing techniques viz. powder blending, melt blending and solution blending.
About: This article is published in European Polymer Journal.The article was published on 1987-01-01. It has received 14 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Phenylene & Crystallinity.
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
01 Jan 1992-Polymer
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the miscibility and domain structure of poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly (vinylpyrrolidone) (PVA/PVP) blends by high-resolution solid-state 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance methods.

84 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of CaCO3 on polypropylene (PP) crystallization behavior and the modification of structure was investigated using X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy.
Abstract: The effect of CaCO3 on the crystallization behaviour and the modification of structure in polypropylene (PP) has been investigated using X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy. The crystallization half time deduced from spherulitic growth rate was found to vary sharply and decreased considerably from 5–6 min for pure polymer to less than 2 min in the presence of CaCO3. The ultimate spherulite size also decreased considerably for PP containing CaCO3. Its dependance on composition however, showed a plateau region at about 10–15 wt % of additive. The intensities of certain reflections especially the 130 and 040 of the α phase were greatly affected by the presence of CaCO3 and large variations in the crystallinity (Ci) values were observed with composition. The ratio of intensities of 130 and 040 reflections and theCi revealed a maximum at a certain concentration of CaCO3. The above results can be explained on the basis of nucleation and preferential growth of the α phase of PP crystallites.

46 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a mixture of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) with a commercial, wholly aromatic, liquid crystal copolyesteramide (Vectra-B950) has been prepared by meltblending.
Abstract: Blends of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) with a commercial, wholly aromatic, liquid crystal copolyesteramide (Vectra-B950) have been prepared by meltblending. The crystallization behavior of neat and blended PPS has been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), under both non-isothermal and isothermal conditions. It has been found that blending PPS with Vectra-B leads to an increase of the temperature of non-isothermal crystallization and to a pronounced acceleration of the isothermal crystallization, without any reduction of the degree of crystallinity. All these effects have been found to occur independent of the Vectra-B concentration, within the investigated range (2 to 20%, w/w). The results have been interpreted in terms of an incrased nucleation density of the blends, probably due to heterogeneous substances, initially present in the Vectra-B bulk, which dissolve to saturation in the PPS phase, during melt-blending.

43 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
01 Aug 1996-Polymer
TL;DR: In this article, the crystallization of polyethylene oxide/polymethyl methacrylate (PEO/PMMA) blends was investigated with respect to composition and different casting solvents.

38 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(methacrylic acid) complexes and polyvinyl alkaline/poly(acrylic) blends using high-resolution 13C solid-state NMR method.
Abstract: Miscibility of poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(methacrylic acid) complexes and poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(acrylic acid) blends is investigated by high-resolution 13C solid-state NMR method. Observed 13C spectra are discussed in terms of hydrogen-bonding effects on chemical shift. The results indicate that poly(vinyl alcohol) and poly(methacrylic acid) are intimately mixed on a scale of 20–30 A due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding to form equimolar-ratio complexes. For the poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(acrylic acid)=1/1 blend, the two polymers are also miscible, the crystalline phase of PVA is destroyed completely and no detectable domain can be observed for the blend on a scale of 20–30 A. Poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(acrylic acid)=2/1 and 1/2 blends are homogenous on a scale of 200–300 A, but heterogeneous on a smaller scale.

27 citations

References
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Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the phase separation of poly(vinylidene fluoride) PVF2 with either PVPr or PVBu was investigated and it was concluded that neither of these polymers are miscible with PVF 2.
Abstract: Blends of poly(vinylidene fluoride) PVF2, with poly(vinyl acetate), PVAc; with poly(vinyl propionate), PVPr; and with poly(vinyl butyrate), PVBu, were prepared by solution blending. Solutions containing PVF2 with either PVPr or PVBu exhibited phase separation, and it was concluded that neither of these polymers are miscible with PVF2. Phase separation did not occur with solutions containing PVF2 and PVAc. Dried samples of this blend system were subjected to differential thermal analysis, dynamical mechanical testing, and visual observations of their melts. From these results, it was concluded that PVF2 and PVAc are miscible. The detailed results and the structural implications of these observations are discussed.

49 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that isotactic polystyrene (IPS) and poly(2,6-dimethyl phenylene oxide) (PPO) blends are homogeneous and the melting behavior of the blends is influenced by the extent of mixing of both polymers.
Abstract: From glass transition Tg measurements on isotactic polystyrene (IPS)–poly(2,6-dimethyl phenylene oxide) (PPO) blends, it was concluded that thoroughly annealed, freeze-dried samples, or samples evaporated from solution at high temperature, are homogeneous. Without annealing, the freeze-dried blends show two to three Tg's characteristic of the presence of different phases. The overall crystallization rate of these samples is much higher than that observed with annealed samples. The presence of dissolved PPO in annealed samples reduces the overall crystallization rate and the spherulitic growth rate, compared to IPS. The melting behavior of the blends is influenced by the extent of mixing of both polymers. Without annealing, isothermally crystallized, freeze-dried blends show the same melting behavior as IPS (i.e., multiple melting). In homogeneous annealed samples the rate of reorganization is strongly reduced and multiple melting only occurs at low scanning rate (e.g., 1°C/min). This behavior is influenced by the crystallization temperature and by the composition of the blends. The addition of PPO has no influence on the relation between melting point and crystallization temperature and the same equilibrium melting point is found by extrapolation.

26 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The structural modifications and changes in crystallinity of poly(phenylenesulfide) (PPS) during high-pressure molding and curing have been investigated as a function of pressure and temperature using wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), infrared absorption (IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The structural modifications and the changes in crystallinity of poly(phenylenesulfide) (PPS) during high-pressure molding and curing have been investigated as a function of pressure and temperature using wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS), infrared absorption (IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It has been found that the crystalline content of the molds varies with applied pressure as Pα where α is 1.5. Major changes in the IR spectra are found in the range of 800 to 600 cm -1 and attributed to structural modifications which have also been noted in the scanning electron micrographs. These various results have been mainly explained on the basis of plastic deformation and flow during the high-pressure molding process.

22 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The crystallinity, particle size and morphology of polyphenylene sulphide synthesized from 1, 4-dibromobenzene and sodium sulphide have been investigated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The crystallinity, particle size and morphology of polyphenylene sulphide synthesized from 1, 4-dibromobenzene and sodium sulphide have been investigated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the crystallinity increased from 62 to 68% with an increase in reaction time. A reordering of crystalline structure with increase of reaction time was also noted. The particle size growth was slower as compared to the reaction rate and the distribution was very sharp. The results are compared with those for polyphenylene sulphide obtained from 1, 4-dichlorobenzene and sodium sulphide.

10 citations

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the crystalline structure and morphology of powder processed poly(phenylene sulfide) blended with high-density polyethylene and poly(tetrafluoroethylene) were investigated.
Abstract: The crystalline structure and morphology have been investigated for powder processed poly(phenylene sulfide) blended with high-density polyethylene and poly(tetrafluoroethylene). The crystallinity in the former case showed large deviations from those estimated from rule of mixtures, while in the latter blends it closely followed the values predicted from the linear relation for homogeneous mixtures. Pronounced changes in some reflections were found in the X-ray pattern on thermal curing of the samples. These results have been explained on the basis of compaction behavior of the powder blends together with the orientations induced during the processing steps.

8 citations