Cu/ZnO and Cu/ZnO/ZrO2 catalysts used for methanol steam reforming
TL;DR: In this article, a co-precipitation method was used in methanol steam reforming at 250˚°C and ZrO2 nanoclusters or amorphous material was found in Zr-based catalyst which role was to prevent the CuO and ZnO crystallite growth causing a microstrain in Cu oxides lattice.
About: This article is published in Molecular Catalysis.The article was published on 2018-07-01. It has received 33 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Catalysis & Steam reforming.
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TL;DR: A comprehensive review of hydrogen production from methanol is presented in this paper, which is conducive to the prospective development of a hydrogen-methanol economy, including catalysts, catalysts with spinel structures, and catalysts that have high selectivity towards H2 and CO2.
127 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, two groups of catalysts were investigated, namely copper-based and group VIII metal-based catalysts, with respect to macro indicators such as feedstock conversion and product selectivity, but also micro interaction and reaction mechanism were elaborated.
39 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, ZrO2-promoted Cu ZnO catalysts were synthesized using MCM-41 as support material and applied to the methanol steam reforming (MSR) reaction.
36 citations
TL;DR: An overview of state-of-the-art investigations on meethanol reforming is critically summarized, including the detailed introduction of methanol conversion pathways from the perspective of fuel cell applications, various advanced materials design for catalytic methanal conversion, as well as the development of steam methanl reformers.
Abstract: Methanol is regarded as an important liquid fuel for hydrogen storage, transportation, and in-situ generation due to its convenient conveyance, high energy density, and low conversion temperature. In this work, an overview of state-of-the-art investigations on methanol reforming is critically summarized, including the detailed introduction of methanol conversion pathways from the perspective of fuel cell applications, various advanced materials design for catalytic methanol conversion, as well as the development of steam methanol reformers. For the section of utilization pathways, reactions such as steam reforming of methanol, partial oxidation of methanol, oxidative steam reforming of methanol, and sorption-enhanced steam methanol reforming were elaborated; For the catalyst section, the strategies to enhance the catalytic activity and other comprehensive performances were summarized; For the reactor section, the newly designed steam methanol reformers were thoroughly described. This review will benefit researchers from both fundamental research and fuel cell applications in the field of catalyzing methanol to hydrogen.
35 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of various operating parameters on methanol conversion and selectivity of gaseous products was investigated, and the results indicated that the addition of 2 ¼wt% CeO2 promoter on CuZn/CNTs catalyst synthesized by impregnation route (Imp) increased its conversion from 81.3 to 85.2%, and decreased its CO selectivity from 6.2 to 3.8%.
31 citations
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TL;DR: A frontal chromatographic version of this technique has been developed which is very suitable for in situ measurements and this has enabled the apparent copper areas of various catalysts to be measured after exposures to methanol synthesis gases of different compositions at typical industrial conditions in microreactors commonly used for assessing the methenol synthesis activity of such catalysts as discussed by the authors.
510 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the structure and catalytic activity of Cu/ZnO methanol synthesis catalysts have been investigated by a further developed in situ method, which combines X-ray diffraction (XRD), Xray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS), and on-line catalytic measurements by mass spectrometry.
508 citations
TL;DR: The results show the importance of kinetic effects for the formation of well-defined suboxides during a reduction process and the activation of oxide catalysts.
Abstract: Time-resolved X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption fine structure, and first-principles density functional calculations were used to investigate the reaction of CuO and Cu(2)O with H(2) in detail. The mechanism for the reduction of CuO is complex, involving an induction period and the embedding of H into the bulk of the oxide. The in-situ experiments show that, under a normal supply of hydrogen, CuO reduces directly to metallic Cu without formation of an intermediate or suboxide (i.e., no Cu(4)O(3) or Cu(2)O). The reduction of CuO is easier than the reduction of Cu(2)O. The apparent activation energy for the reduction of CuO is about 14.5 kcal/mol, while the value is 27.4 kcal/mol for Cu(2)O. During the reduction of CuO, the system can reach metastable states (MS) and react with hydrogen instead of forming Cu(2)O. To see the formation of Cu(2)O, one has to limit the flow of hydrogen, slowing the rate of reduction to allow a MS --> Cu(2)O transformation. These results show the importance of kinetic effects for the formation of well-defined suboxides during a reduction process and the activation of oxide catalysts.
477 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a reverse co-precipitation under ultrasound irradiation has led to Cu-ZnO/ZrO 2 catalysts with a remarkable development of total surface area (SA BET, 120-180 m 2 /g) and very high dispersion (3-58%) and exposure (MSA 9-63 m 2/g) of the active Cu phase.
445 citations
TL;DR: In particular, the extent of methanol and/or H2 combustion at differential O2 conversion is strongly dependent on the ease of copper oxidation in the catalyst and the redox properties of the catalyst appear to play a key role in determining the pathway for H2 production as discussed by the authors.
367 citations