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Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind Intercultural Cooperation and Its Importance for Survival

Cristina Mora
01 Jan 2013-Vol. 6, Iss: 1, pp 65
About: The article was published on 2013-01-01 and is currently open access. It has received 1126 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Intercultural relations.
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Journal Article•DOI•
Gender diversity, board independence, environmental committee and greenhouse gas disclosure

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Lin Liao1, Le Luo2, Qingliang Tang3•
Southwestern University of Finance and Economics1, Northumbria University2, University of Western Sydney3
01 Dec 2015-British Accounting Review
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the impact of corporate board characteristics on the voluntary disclosure of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the form of a Carbon Disclosure Project report and found a significant positive association between gender diversity (measured as the percentage of female directors on the board) and the propensity to disclose GHG information as well as the extensiveness of that disclosure.
Abstract: This paper examines the impact of corporate board's characteristics on the voluntary disclosure of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the form of a Carbon Disclosure Project report. Using both univariate and regression models with a sample of the 329 largest companies in the United Kingdom, we find a significant positive association between gender diversity (measured as the percentage of female directors on the board) and the propensity to disclose GHG information as well as the extensiveness of that disclosure. In addition, a board with more independent directors or environmental committee show a higher tendency to be ecologic transparent. However, if the committee is not sufficiently large, independent or active, its effect seems insignificant. The results are consistent with stakeholder theory, suggesting that a diversified and independent board and the existence of a board-level environmental committee may balance a firm's financial and non-financial goals with limited resources and moderate the possible conflicting expectations of stakeholders who have disparate interests. The findings should be useful for top managers and regulators who are interested in improving corporate governance practices and climate-change strategies.

793 citations

Journal Article•DOI•
Combined Effects of Perceived Politics and Psychological Capital on Job Satisfaction, Turnover Intentions, and Performance

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Muhammad Abbas1, Usman Raja2, Wendy Darr, Dave Bouckenooghe2•
Riphah International University1, Brock University2
01 Nov 2014-Journal of Management

402 citations

Cites background from "Cultures and Organizations: Softwar..."

  • ...In these cultures, interpersonal conflict is considered a disruption of ordinary life (Hofstede, 1991)....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Yin Yang: A New Perspective on Culture

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Tony Fang1•
Stockholm University1
01 Mar 2012-Management and Organization Review
TL;DR: It is proposed that potential paradoxical values coexist in any culture; they give rise to, exist within, reinforce, and complement each other to shape the holistic, dynamic, and dialectical nature of culture.
Abstract: In this article I propose a Yin Yang perspective to understand culture. Based on the indigenous Chinese philosophy of Yin Yang, I conceptualize culture as possessing inherently paradoxical value orientations, thereby enabling it to embrace opposite traits of any given cultural dimension. I posit that potential paradoxical values coexist in any culture; they give rise to, exist within, reinforce, and complement each other to shape the holistic, dynamic, and dialectical nature of culture. Seen from the Yin Yang perspective, all cultures share the same potential in value orientations, but at the same time they are also different from each other because each culture is a unique dynamic portfolio of self-selected globally available value orientations as a consequence of that culture's all-dimensional learning over time.

378 citations

Cites background from "Cultures and Organizations: Softwar..."

  • ...There have been cases of expatriate employees’ suicides’ (Hofstede, 1980: 210; Hofstede & Hofstede, 2005: 325)....

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  • ...(Hofstede, 2001: 34, 36) Since the publication of his book Culture’s Consequences in 1980, Hofstede (see 1991, 2001; Hofstede & Hofstede, 2005) has continuously added new countries (e.g., China) to his old country dimension index table for cross-national comparison despite the fact that his…...

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  • ...Hofstede (e.g., 1991, 2001; Hofstede & Bond, 1988; Hofstede & Hofstede, 2005) discussed the possible Western bias in cross-cultural research and attempted to counterbalance the bias by identifying a fifth cultural dimension....

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Journal Article•DOI•
Motivational mechanisms of employee creativity: A meta-analytic examination and theoretical extension of the creativity literature

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Dong Liu1, Kaifeng Jiang2, Christina E. Shalley1, Sejin Keem1, Jing Zhou3 •
Georgia Institute of Technology1, University of Notre Dame2, Rice University3
01 Nov 2016-Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined intrinsic motivation, creative self-efficacy, and prosocial motivation as distinct motivational mechanisms underlying creativity and found that the three motivational mechanisms functioned differently as mediators between contextual and personal factors and creativity.

276 citations

Cites background from "Cultures and Organizations: Softwar..."

  • ...…that prosocial motivation may be more functional and influential in cultures lower on individualism, which supports the notion that individuals in these cultures subordinate their personal interests and enjoyment for the pursuit of others’ welfare (Hofstede, 1991; Hofstede & Hofstede, 2005)....

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Journal Article•DOI•
The Influence of Board Composition on Sustainable Development Disclosure

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Mohammad Jizi1•
Lebanese American University1
01 Jan 2017-Business Strategy and The Environment
TL;DR: In this article, the influence of the composition of boards of directors on CSR disclosure has been examined by examining how board composition relates to a firm's social and environmental disclosure as well as the implementation of social policies.
Abstract: Despite knowing the potential effect of social reporting on firms' continuity, there is limited research into the influence of the composition of boards of directors on CSR disclosure. This paper adds to the emerging CSR literature empirical evidence by examining how board composition relates to a firm's social and environmental disclosure as well as the implementation of social policies. Using a sample of FTSE 350 firms for the period 2007–2012, the results show that higher board independence facilitates the conveying of firms' good citizenship image through enhancing societal conscience. The results also show that female participation on boards is favorably affecting CSR engagement and reporting as well as the establishment of ethical policies. Hence, the research suggests that boards with higher female participation and independence boost the legitimacy of CSR reporting. Board gender diversity and independence facilitate directing part of the firm's scarce resources toward value maximizing social projects and subsequent reporting on these. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment

257 citations

Cites background from "Cultures and Organizations: Softwar..."

  • ...Previous research suggests that women care more about social and environmental issues, which makes them more encouraged than men in managing environmental risks and less likely to compromise quality of life for material success (Fukukawa et al., 2007; Hofstede et al., 2010; Liao et al., 2015)....

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