Current perspectives on the diagnosis and epidemiology of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infection.
Marina Sibila,Maria Pieters,Thomas W. Molitor,Dominiek Maes,Freddy Haesebrouck,Joaquim Segalés +5 more
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TLDR
The current state of knowledge of the epidemiology of M. hyopneumoniae infection including its transmission, infection and seroconversion dynamics is reviewed and the various epidemiological tools used to monitor EP are compared.Abstract:
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae is the principal aetiological agent of enzootic pneumonia (EP), a chronic respiratory disease that affects mainly finishing pigs. Although major efforts to control M. hyopneumoniae infection and its detrimental effects have been made, significant economic losses in pig production worldwide due to EP continue. M. hyopneumoniae is typically introduced into pig herds by the purchase of subclinically infected animals or, less frequently, through airborne transmission over short distances. Once in the herd, M. hyopneumoniae may be transmitted by direct contact from infected sows to their offspring or between pen mates. The 'gold standard' technique used to diagnose M. hyopneumoniae infection, bacteriological culture, is laborious and is seldom used routinely. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and polymerase chain reaction detection methods, in addition to post-mortem inspection in the form of abattoir surveillance or field necropsy, are the techniques most frequently used to investigate the potential involvement of M. hyopneumoniae in porcine respiratory disease. Such techniques have been used to monitor the incidence of M. hyopneumoniae infection in herds both clinically and subclinically affected by EP, in vaccinated and non-vaccinated herds and under different production and management conditions. Differences in the clinical course of EP at farm level and in the efficacy of M. hyopneumoniae vaccination suggest that the transmission and virulence characteristics of different field isolates of M. hyopneumoniae may vary. This paper reviews the current state of knowledge of the epidemiology of M. hyopneumoniae infection including its transmission, infection and seroconversion dynamics and also compares the various epidemiological tools used to monitor EP.read more
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Update on Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae infections in pigs: Knowledge gaps for improved disease control.
TL;DR: The present paper reviews the current knowledge on M. hyopneumoniae infections, with emphasis on identification and analysis of knowledge gaps for optimizing control of the disease.
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Infectious agents associated with respiratory diseases in 125 farrow-to-finish pig herds: a cross-sectional study.
Christelle Fablet,Corinne Marois-Créhan,Gaëlle Simon,Béatrice Grasland,André Jestin,M. Kobisch,François Madec,Nicolas Rose +7 more
TL;DR: The findings indicate that M. hyopneumoniae, PRRSV and SIV H1N1 are the major pathogens involved in pneumonia-like gross lesions even though PCV2 may play a role.
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Risk factors associated with pleuritis and cranio-ventral pulmonary consolidation in slaughter-aged pigs.
TL;DR: The objective of the present work was to describe the prevalence of gross lung lesions at slaughter, with a special focus on pleuritis and cranio-ventral pulmonary consolidation, and to identify major risk factors for these lesions.
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Estimation of the sensitivity of four sampling methods for Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae detection in live pigs using a Bayesian approach.
TL;DR: The study indicated that tracheo-bronchial swabbing associated with real-time PCR could be an accurate diagnostic tool for assessing infection dynamics in pig herds.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae: from disease to vaccine development.
Simone Simionatto,Silvana Beutinger Marchioro,Silvana Beutinger Marchioro,Dominiek Maes,Odir Antônio Dellagostin +4 more
TL;DR: In this review, the characteristics of M. hyopneumoniae related to pathogenesis and control measures will be discussed and special emphasis will be placed on vaccination strategies that have been proposed with the use of reverse vaccinology approaches.
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TL;DR: The complete genome sequence of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, an important member of the porcine respiratory disease complex, is presented, finding few genes with tandem repeat sequences that could be involved in phase switching or antigenic variation and it is not clear how M. hyop pneumoniae evades the immune response and establishes a chronic infection.
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