Cytotoxicity of some Cameroonian spices and selected medicinal plant extracts.
TL;DR: The overall results of the present study provide supportive data on the use of some Cameroonian plants for cancer treatment and indicate that the anti-angiogenic properties of the most active extracts were able to inhibit angiogenesis by more than 50% in quail embryo.
About: This article is published in Journal of Ethnopharmacology.The article was published on 2011-04-12. It has received 143 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Xylopia aethiopica & Dorstenia.
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TL;DR: The functional properties of Piper plants/extracts/active components the antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and neuropharmacological activities of the extracts and extract-derived bioactive constituents are thought to be key effects for the protection against chronic conditions.
Abstract: Piper species are aromatic plants used as spices in the kitchen, but their secondary metabolites have also shown biological effects on human health. These plants are rich in essential oils, which can be found in their fruits, seeds, leaves, branches, roots and stems. Some Piper species have simple chemical profiles, while others, such as Piper nigrum, Piper betle, and Piper auritum, contain very diverse suites of secondary metabolites. In traditional medicine, Piper species have been used worldwide to treat several diseases such as urological problems, skin, liver and stomach ailments, for wound healing, and as antipyretic and anti-inflammatory agents. In addition, Piper species could be used as natural antioxidants and antimicrobial agents in food preservation. The phytochemicals and essential oils of Piper species have shown strong antioxidant activity, in comparison with synthetic antioxidants, and demonstrated antibacterial and antifungal activities against human pathogens. Moreover, Piper species possess therapeutic and preventive potential against several chronic disorders. Among the functional properties of Piper plants/extracts/active components the antiproliferative, anti-inflammatory, and neuropharmacological activities of the extracts and extract-derived bioactive constituents are thought to be key effects for the protection against chronic conditions, based on preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies, besides clinical studies. Habitats and cultivation of Piper species are also covered in this review. In this current work, available literature of chemical constituents of the essential oils Piper plants, their use in traditional medicine, their applications as a food preservative, their antiparasitic activities and other important biological activities are reviewed.
241 citations
Cites background from "Cytotoxicity of some Cameroonian sp..."
...capense is reported to be used for treating cancer [123,124], while the aerial part of P....
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...[123] have also reported that the Nigerian and Cameroonian used seeds possess anticancer properties....
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TL;DR: The results of the antibacterial assays indicated that all tested extracts exert antibacterial activities, with the minimum inhibitory concentration values varying from 32 to 1024 μg/ml.
Abstract: The emergence of multi-drug resistant (MDR) phenotypes is a major public health problem today in the treatment of bacterial infections. The present study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial activities of the methanol extracts of eleven Cameroonian spices on a panel of twenty nine Gram negative bacteria including MDR strains. The phytochemical analysis of the extracts was carried out by standard tests meanwhile the liquid micro-broth dilution was used for all antimicrobial assays. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of alkaloids, phenols and tannins in all plants extracts. The results of the antibacterial assays indicated that all tested extracts exert antibacterial activities, with the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values varying from 32 to 1024 μg/ml. The extracts from Dichrostachys glomerata, Beilschmiedia cinnamomea, Aframomum citratum, Piper capense, Echinops giganteus, Fagara xanthoxyloides and Olax subscorpioidea were the most active. In the presence of efflux pump inhibitor, PAsN, the activity of the extract from D. glomerata significantly increased on 69.2% of the tested MDR bacteria. At MIC/5, synergistic effects were noted with the extract of D. glomerata on 75% of the tested bacteria for chloramphenicol (CHL), tetracycline (TET) and norfloxacin (NOR). With B. cinnamomea synergy were observed on 62.5% of the studied MDR bacteria with CHL, cefepime (FEP), NOR and ciprofloxacin (CIP) and 75% with erythromycin (ERY). The overall results provide information for the possible use of the studied extracts of the spices in the control of bacterial infections involving MDR phenotypes.
144 citations
Cites background from "Cytotoxicity of some Cameroonian sp..."
...Schum (Zingiberaceae) 37736/SRF-Cam Leaves, fruits Cytotoxicity of leaves crude methanol extract [weak activity on leukemia CCRFCEM and CEM/ADR5000 cells, and pancreatic MiaPaCa-2 cell lines] [27]...
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...92 μg/ml respectively on leukemia CCRF-CEM cells, CEM/5000 cells and pancreatic MiaPaCa-2 cell lines] [27]...
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...(Rutaceae) 21793/HNC/SRF Fruits Antimicrobial activity of essential oil [S: Ec, Bc, Bs, Af, Kp, Sa, Sf [19]; Cytotoxicity of fruits crude methanol extract [weak activity on leukemia CCRF-CEM and CEM/ADR5000 cells, and pancreatic MiaPaCa-2 cell lines] [27]...
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...86 μg/ml respectively on leukemia CCRF-CEM cells, CEM/5000 cells and pancreatic MiaPaCa-2 cell lines] [27]...
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...84 μg/ml respectively on leukemia CCRF-CEM cells, CEM/5000 cells and pancreatic MiaPaCa-2 cell lines] [27]...
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TL;DR: The present review reports on the contribution of African flora in the discovery of potential cytotoxic phytochemicals against MDR cancer cells, and concludes that African flora represents an enormous resource for novel cytotoxicity compounds.
Abstract: Background. Continuous efforts from scientists of diverse fields are necessary not only to better understand the mechanism by which multidrug-resistant (MDR) cancer cells occur, but also to boost the discovery of new cytotoxic compounds to fight MDR phenotypes. Objectives. The present review reports on the contribution of African flora in the discovery of potential cytotoxic phytochemicals against MDR cancer cells. Methodology. Scientific databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Web of Knowledge were used to retrieve publications related to African plants, isolated compounds, and drug resistant cancer cells. The data were analyzed to highlight cytotoxicity and the modes of actions of extracts and compounds of the most prominent African plants. Also, thresholds and cutoff points for the cytotoxicity and modes of action of phytochemicals have been provided. Results. Most published data related to the antiproliferative potential of African medicinal plants were from Cameroon, Egypt, Nigeria, or Madagascar. The cytotoxicity of phenolic compounds isolated in African plants was generally much better documented than that of terpenoids and alkaloids. Conclusion. African flora represents an enormous resource for novel cytotoxic compounds. To unravel the full potential, efforts should be strengthened throughout the continent, to meet the challenge of a successful fight against MDR cancers.
131 citations
Cites background from "Cytotoxicity of some Cameroonian sp..."
...The extracts from Xylopia aethiopica, Dorstenia psilirus, Echinops giganteus, and Zingiber officinale strongly inhibited angiogenesis in quail embryo [39]....
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...Besides, other spices such as Imperata cylindrica, Piper capense, and Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Zingiberaceae) (Table 1) also displayed strong activities towards CCRF-CEM and CEM/ADR5000 cells with collateral sensitivity/hypersensitivity (degree of resistance below 1) [39]....
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TL;DR: Results indicated that traditional medicines are mostly being use in developing countries for cancer treatment and Traditionally and scientifically skin and breast cancer types gained more focus.
Abstract: Cancer is a serious health problem and the second leading cause of death around the globe. Present review is an attempt to provide utmost information based on ethno-pharmacological and toxicological aspects of anti-cancer plants of the world. A total of 276 articles published in English journals and containing maximum ethnomedicinal information were reviewed using several data sources such as; Google scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed and floras of different countries. A total of 199 anti-cancer plants were recorded in present review and results indicated that traditional medicines are mostly being use in developing countries for cancer treatment. Traditionally and scientifically skin and breast cancer types gained more focus. Seventy plants were reportedly analyzed for in-vitro activities while 32 plants were having in-vivo reports. Twenty nine pure compounds (mostly phenolic) were reportedly isolated from anti-cancer plants and tested against different cancer cell lines. Inspite having better efficiency of ethnomedicines as compared to synthetic drugs, several plants have also shown toxic effects on living system. Therefore, we invite researchers attention to carry out detailed ethno-pharmacological and toxicological studies on un-explored anti-cancer plants in order to provide reliable knowledge to the patients and develop novel anti-cancer drugs. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
129 citations
TL;DR: New discoveries related to the phytochemistry and biological activities of bioactive compounds from Piper species are reviewed for further clinical applications, which could pave the way for the proper therapeutic use ofBioactive compounds and extracts from this plant species.
118 citations
References
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Abstract: This review is an updated and expanded version of two prior reviews that were published in this journal in 1997 and 2003. In the case of all approved agents the time frame has been extended to include the 251/2 years from 01/1981 to 06/2006 for all diseases worldwide and from 1950 (earliest so far identified) to 06/2006 for all approved antitumor drugs worldwide. We have continued to utilize our secondary subdivision of a “natural product mimic” or “NM” to join the original primary divisions. From the data presented, the utility of natural products as sources of novel structures, but not necessarily the final drug entity, is still alive and well. Thus, in the area of cancer, over the time frame from around the 1940s to date, of the 155 small molecules, 73% are other than “S” (synthetic), with 47% actually being either natural products or directly derived therefrom. In other areas, the influence of natural product structures is quite marked, with, as expected from prior information, the antiinfective area ...
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TL;DR: Molecular insights into the formation of new blood vessels are being generated at a rapidly increasing pace, offering new therapeutic opportunities that are currently being evaluated.
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